Evolutionary Rate Variation at Multiple Levels of Biological
... Classic molecular evolutionary studies have established a general pattern of low substitution rates in plant mitochondrial DNA (Wolfe et al. 1987; Palmer and Herbon 1988). In recent years, however, exceptions to this pattern of slow plant mitochondrial sequence evolution have been found, highlighted ...
... Classic molecular evolutionary studies have established a general pattern of low substitution rates in plant mitochondrial DNA (Wolfe et al. 1987; Palmer and Herbon 1988). In recent years, however, exceptions to this pattern of slow plant mitochondrial sequence evolution have been found, highlighted ...
General intelligence is an emerging property, not an evolutionary
... observation of positive correlations between all test scores, hence of a general factor termed g explaining a large share of variance in all tests (Spearman, 1904). All other accounts are simply debatable interpretations or hypotheses attempting to relate g to some other cognitive or biological cons ...
... observation of positive correlations between all test scores, hence of a general factor termed g explaining a large share of variance in all tests (Spearman, 1904). All other accounts are simply debatable interpretations or hypotheses attempting to relate g to some other cognitive or biological cons ...
Psychotic symptoms in the general population – an - EU-GEI
... the difficulty in locating a genetic ‘point of rarity’ between individuals with schizophrenia and controls.15,16 We would also suggest that the limited success in findings in schizophrenia to date may be a result of shared genetic variation between the clinical (disease) phenotype and the non-clinic ...
... the difficulty in locating a genetic ‘point of rarity’ between individuals with schizophrenia and controls.15,16 We would also suggest that the limited success in findings in schizophrenia to date may be a result of shared genetic variation between the clinical (disease) phenotype and the non-clinic ...
Study Guide
... Short narrative: Behavior is a phenotype, and like most phenotypes, it has both genetic and environmental components. Because behavior can satisfy all of the premises of natural selection, behaviors can represent adaptations. A particularly challenging behavior to think of as being adaptive is altru ...
... Short narrative: Behavior is a phenotype, and like most phenotypes, it has both genetic and environmental components. Because behavior can satisfy all of the premises of natural selection, behaviors can represent adaptations. A particularly challenging behavior to think of as being adaptive is altru ...
Mutualism in the Darwinian Scenario
... conditional probabilities will differ from those calculated for blind chance (Depew 2011). Going even further, Karl Popper (1990) pointed to conditional probabilities that grow progressively so constrained that certain outcomes dominate, although occasionally other “interferences” might still occur. ...
... conditional probabilities will differ from those calculated for blind chance (Depew 2011). Going even further, Karl Popper (1990) pointed to conditional probabilities that grow progressively so constrained that certain outcomes dominate, although occasionally other “interferences” might still occur. ...
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis - Test Code 5005
... Taken together, the patient’s clinical history is nonspecific but consistent with .
Rationale for Testing
The NCLs are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous progressive neurodegenerative
disorders that often present in children as epilepsy. As lysoso ...
... Taken together, the patient’s clinical
STATISTICAL GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
... into astronomical figures. Under these conditions it is to be expected that in general the surface W for any character complex will have numerous peaks, corresponding not only to different combinations of genes that give the same character [29] but also to different harmonious combinations of elemen ...
... into astronomical figures. Under these conditions it is to be expected that in general the surface W for any character complex will have numerous peaks, corresponding not only to different combinations of genes that give the same character [29] but also to different harmonious combinations of elemen ...
Costello Syndrome - South West Thames Regional Genetics Service
... Other genes for ‘CS’ like patients can be analysed by another laboratory Samples required 4-8mls venous blood in plastic EDTA bottles (1ml from neonates) Prenatals must be arranged in advance, through a Clinical Genetics department if possible. Amniotic fluid or CV samples should be sent to Cytogene ...
... Other genes for ‘CS’ like patients can be analysed by another laboratory Samples required 4-8mls venous blood in plastic EDTA bottles (1ml from neonates) Prenatals must be arranged in advance, through a Clinical Genetics department if possible. Amniotic fluid or CV samples should be sent to Cytogene ...
Mutation, Transposition, and Recombination
... The performance of the three kinds of GEP recombination is shown in Figure 1. It is worth emphasizing that 2-point recombination is the most disruptive of the recombination operators and, as shown in Figure 1, it is also the most efficient kind of recombination. Not surprisingly, the most conservati ...
... The performance of the three kinds of GEP recombination is shown in Figure 1. It is worth emphasizing that 2-point recombination is the most disruptive of the recombination operators and, as shown in Figure 1, it is also the most efficient kind of recombination. Not surprisingly, the most conservati ...
F94L – A Muscling Mutation in Limousin Cattle
... What is the F94L Mutation? The F94L mutation is located in the growth differentiation factor-8 gene, commonly called the myostatin gene. Research conducted at The University of Adelaide showed that some Limousin animals carried a mutation in the myostatin gene which caused increased carcass weight, ...
... What is the F94L Mutation? The F94L mutation is located in the growth differentiation factor-8 gene, commonly called the myostatin gene. Research conducted at The University of Adelaide showed that some Limousin animals carried a mutation in the myostatin gene which caused increased carcass weight, ...
(lectures 5-7) - Felsenstein/Kuhner lab
... smoothly as one reaches the boundary of the mine. This was assessed by testing the descendants of the plants in the lab, so these are almost certainly genetic clines. 16. (Example). Johnston and Selander (Science 144: 548-550 1964) studied geographical variation in house sparrows (Passer domesticus ...
... smoothly as one reaches the boundary of the mine. This was assessed by testing the descendants of the plants in the lab, so these are almost certainly genetic clines. 16. (Example). Johnston and Selander (Science 144: 548-550 1964) studied geographical variation in house sparrows (Passer domesticus ...
Genetic variation, selection and evolution: special issue in
... In the last half-century, population genetics has seen many exciting advances. As Brian and Deborah Charlesworth discuss in this Special Issue, fundamental questions about the nature and extent of genetic variation within and among populations form a consistent backbone for the field but they have be ...
... In the last half-century, population genetics has seen many exciting advances. As Brian and Deborah Charlesworth discuss in this Special Issue, fundamental questions about the nature and extent of genetic variation within and among populations form a consistent backbone for the field but they have be ...
Individuality and Life Cycles - Peter Godfrey
... [A]ll three conditions are necessary as well as sufficient conditions for evolution by natural selection.… Any trait for which the three principles apply may be expected to evolve. Lewontin's summary can be applied to individuals that are smaller or larger than familiar organisms, but it's certainly ...
... [A]ll three conditions are necessary as well as sufficient conditions for evolution by natural selection.… Any trait for which the three principles apply may be expected to evolve. Lewontin's summary can be applied to individuals that are smaller or larger than familiar organisms, but it's certainly ...
Lab Summary In this lab, students experimentally evolve single
... the process of cluster-level adaptation as the yeast evolve as multicellular individuals. These adaptations include changes in body size, and (if fluorescent microscopes are available), the evolution of a simple form of cellular division of labor. Discussion topics include evolutionary concepts abou ...
... the process of cluster-level adaptation as the yeast evolve as multicellular individuals. These adaptations include changes in body size, and (if fluorescent microscopes are available), the evolution of a simple form of cellular division of labor. Discussion topics include evolutionary concepts abou ...
BACK TO GAME Chapter 14 $100 Question
... an organism _______________. a. survives many hardships b. lives for a long time c. passes on a greater proportion of its genes to the next generation d. is disease free BACK TO GAME ...
... an organism _______________. a. survives many hardships b. lives for a long time c. passes on a greater proportion of its genes to the next generation d. is disease free BACK TO GAME ...
Mutations
... If I have that many mutations, why don’t I look weird? • Mutations are not always seen. The affected gene may still function. • Mutations may be harmful. • Mutations may be beneficial. • Mutations may have no effect on the organism. ...
... If I have that many mutations, why don’t I look weird? • Mutations are not always seen. The affected gene may still function. • Mutations may be harmful. • Mutations may be beneficial. • Mutations may have no effect on the organism. ...
Genetic suppressors and enhancers provide clues to gene
... sup3 was shown to be an unlinked, gene-specific, non-allele-specific suppressor of unc-54 This implies that sup3 is not an intragenic revertant or an informational suppressor (e.g., a nonsense suppressor). sup3 is actually an allele of myo-3, which encodes a normally minor myosin heavy chain, but it ...
... sup3 was shown to be an unlinked, gene-specific, non-allele-specific suppressor of unc-54 This implies that sup3 is not an intragenic revertant or an informational suppressor (e.g., a nonsense suppressor). sup3 is actually an allele of myo-3, which encodes a normally minor myosin heavy chain, but it ...
session_proposal_Space_Evo_Exp_Ishpssb2013 general
... of population change as forces acting on frequencies (Sober 1984) has been vigorously challenged by some authors (e.g. Walsh 2010, Matthen 2009), because the causal facts at the level of individual organisms may be sufficient to constitute selection: selection-related properties therefore would not ...
... of population change as forces acting on frequencies (Sober 1984) has been vigorously challenged by some authors (e.g. Walsh 2010, Matthen 2009), because the causal facts at the level of individual organisms may be sufficient to constitute selection: selection-related properties therefore would not ...
Darwin`s `one special difficulty`: celebrating Darwin 200
... for inheritance of acquired characters). He actually was more concerned with the challenge of extensive variation among workers themselves. For example, army ant colonies can contain a million individuals; some are large defensive soldiers with specialized jaws, while others are small workers that c ...
... for inheritance of acquired characters). He actually was more concerned with the challenge of extensive variation among workers themselves. For example, army ant colonies can contain a million individuals; some are large defensive soldiers with specialized jaws, while others are small workers that c ...
Ciecko, S.C., and D.C. Presgraves.
... known paracentric inversion on the right arm of the third chromosome (Ashbumer, l 989). In fact we found that the order of the three genes in D. simulans (st e Antp) differs from that in D. melanogaster (st Ant e) indicating that Antp, along with e, is included in the 3R inversion of D. simulans. Di ...
... known paracentric inversion on the right arm of the third chromosome (Ashbumer, l 989). In fact we found that the order of the three genes in D. simulans (st e Antp) differs from that in D. melanogaster (st Ant e) indicating that Antp, along with e, is included in the 3R inversion of D. simulans. Di ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.