Chapter 18
... The collision produces an elongated belt of down-bending called a subduction zone. The oceanic lithosphere is being recycled, which explains why ancient seafloor rocks do not exist. Continent-Ocean convergence leads to earthquakes and mountains along the coast, like the Andes in South America. Ocean ...
... The collision produces an elongated belt of down-bending called a subduction zone. The oceanic lithosphere is being recycled, which explains why ancient seafloor rocks do not exist. Continent-Ocean convergence leads to earthquakes and mountains along the coast, like the Andes in South America. Ocean ...
Review sheet – Chapter 3 Understand that the Earth is density
... continents); the oldest oceanic crust would therefore be closer to the continents, and the newest would be at or near the spreading center (mid-ocean ridge) Know that the rate of seafloor spreading is ~2-12cm per year Understand that the constant creation of new, oceanic crust must be balanced by th ...
... continents); the oldest oceanic crust would therefore be closer to the continents, and the newest would be at or near the spreading center (mid-ocean ridge) Know that the rate of seafloor spreading is ~2-12cm per year Understand that the constant creation of new, oceanic crust must be balanced by th ...
Seismic reflection image of the Great Sumatra
... As reported for the Middle America trench15, plate bending at subduction zones generates trench-parallel conjugate normal faults that dissect the entire sedimentary column and penetrate into the basement, producing seafloor and basement offsets of 100-500 m. On profiles collected 65-175 km south of ...
... As reported for the Middle America trench15, plate bending at subduction zones generates trench-parallel conjugate normal faults that dissect the entire sedimentary column and penetrate into the basement, producing seafloor and basement offsets of 100-500 m. On profiles collected 65-175 km south of ...
2. Manual plot of geographic coordinates on a stereographic
... Problem 2: With the attached tectonic map (Figure 1) of the North American – Juan de Fuca – Pacific plate triple point, calculate the linear rate and orientation (azimuth) of the velocity vector of the North American plate relative to the Juan de Fuca plate. Use the method of vector addition (circui ...
... Problem 2: With the attached tectonic map (Figure 1) of the North American – Juan de Fuca – Pacific plate triple point, calculate the linear rate and orientation (azimuth) of the velocity vector of the North American plate relative to the Juan de Fuca plate. Use the method of vector addition (circui ...
fact finding answers
... 20. ALL OF THE TECTONIC PLATES HAVE names___, BUT NOT ALL OF THEM ARE THE SAME. 21. SOME PLATES HAVE AN ENTIRE ___continent_____ ON IT, SOME HAVE ONLY OCEANIC CRUST, AND OTHERS INCLUDE BOTH CONTINENTAL AND OCEANIC CRUST. 22. TECTONIC PLATES FLOAT ON THE __asthenosphere____________. 23. THE __plates_ ...
... 20. ALL OF THE TECTONIC PLATES HAVE names___, BUT NOT ALL OF THEM ARE THE SAME. 21. SOME PLATES HAVE AN ENTIRE ___continent_____ ON IT, SOME HAVE ONLY OCEANIC CRUST, AND OTHERS INCLUDE BOTH CONTINENTAL AND OCEANIC CRUST. 22. TECTONIC PLATES FLOAT ON THE __asthenosphere____________. 23. THE __plates_ ...
A short, data oriented summary of
... (shallower water). Even before plate tectonics, this long linear feature was described as a “midocean ridge.” This is because the lithosphere is hottest at a spreading center, so thermal expansion makes its elevation higher. Hot mantle rocks rise into the space left by the separating plates and form ...
... (shallower water). Even before plate tectonics, this long linear feature was described as a “midocean ridge.” This is because the lithosphere is hottest at a spreading center, so thermal expansion makes its elevation higher. Hot mantle rocks rise into the space left by the separating plates and form ...
Lecture#4 part 2: Laramide Orogeny
... • started 70 million years ago, and ended 40 million years ago • Farallon Plate was sliding under the North American plate • the angle of subduction became so low that no volcanics occurred at subduction zone ...
... • started 70 million years ago, and ended 40 million years ago • Farallon Plate was sliding under the North American plate • the angle of subduction became so low that no volcanics occurred at subduction zone ...
Plate Tectonics and the Distribution of Major Landform Features
... STAGE 3 Also, the top surface of the plate has water within its structure. The presence of water lowers the melting point of the rocks. Magma reaches the surface in bubbles known as plutons. Reaching the earth’s surface, quantities of this magma build volcanoes, which tend to form volcanic island ar ...
... STAGE 3 Also, the top surface of the plate has water within its structure. The presence of water lowers the melting point of the rocks. Magma reaches the surface in bubbles known as plutons. Reaching the earth’s surface, quantities of this magma build volcanoes, which tend to form volcanic island ar ...
Plate Tectonics - cloudfront.net
... plates. These plates move along the top of the asthenosphere. The plates move very slowly-at rates of several centimeters a year. The cracks between the plates are called plate boundaries. Along plate boundaries the plates slide past each other, pull apart or move together. The Theory of Plate Tecto ...
... plates. These plates move along the top of the asthenosphere. The plates move very slowly-at rates of several centimeters a year. The cracks between the plates are called plate boundaries. Along plate boundaries the plates slide past each other, pull apart or move together. The Theory of Plate Tecto ...
An introduction to processes at plate boundaries
... Destructive plate boundary At a destructive plate boundary, there is one continental and one oceanic crust. The two plates move towards each other and the denser oceanic crust subducts (sinks) beneath the continental crust. This forms an ocean trench. The sinking oceanic crust eventually melts due t ...
... Destructive plate boundary At a destructive plate boundary, there is one continental and one oceanic crust. The two plates move towards each other and the denser oceanic crust subducts (sinks) beneath the continental crust. This forms an ocean trench. The sinking oceanic crust eventually melts due t ...
Question - WordPress.com
... as the plate sub-ducts, it may become JAMMED against the continental plate. Convection currents will continue to attempt to move the oceanic plate downwards, which leads to a large build up of pressure. • Eventually the PRESSURE will become too great and the oceanic plate will break free suddenly, r ...
... as the plate sub-ducts, it may become JAMMED against the continental plate. Convection currents will continue to attempt to move the oceanic plate downwards, which leads to a large build up of pressure. • Eventually the PRESSURE will become too great and the oceanic plate will break free suddenly, r ...
Tectonic Plates - cloudfront.net
... Tip of the Iceberg If you could look at a tectonic plate from the side, you would see that mountain ranges are like the tips of icebergs—there is much more material below the surface than above. Mountain ranges that occur in continental crust have very deep roots relative to their height. For exampl ...
... Tip of the Iceberg If you could look at a tectonic plate from the side, you would see that mountain ranges are like the tips of icebergs—there is much more material below the surface than above. Mountain ranges that occur in continental crust have very deep roots relative to their height. For exampl ...
Plate Tectonics Lab
... plate tectonic map of the world. Rest the mouse on the bottom right corner of the map and after a couple of seconds an enlargement icon should appear. Click on this icon to see the map in full size. Now you can use the scroll bars on the side and bottom to maneuver around the map. 15. Using the key ...
... plate tectonic map of the world. Rest the mouse on the bottom right corner of the map and after a couple of seconds an enlargement icon should appear. Click on this icon to see the map in full size. Now you can use the scroll bars on the side and bottom to maneuver around the map. 15. Using the key ...
Driving mechanism and 3-D circulation of plate tectonics
... plate interactions. Subduction-hinge rollback is the key to viable mechanisms. The Pacific spreads rapidly yet shrinks by rollback, whereas the subduction-free Atlantic widens by slow mid-ocean spreading. These and other first-order features of global tectonics cannot be explained by conventional mo ...
... plate interactions. Subduction-hinge rollback is the key to viable mechanisms. The Pacific spreads rapidly yet shrinks by rollback, whereas the subduction-free Atlantic widens by slow mid-ocean spreading. These and other first-order features of global tectonics cannot be explained by conventional mo ...
Driving the upper plate surface deformation by slab
... 2.2. A joint model of continental collision, oceanic subduction and slab tearing Our numerical experiments were not designed to reproduce any particular case, but can be applied to the transition between a continental indenter flanked by active oceanic subduction. We stress that the ultimate goal of ...
... 2.2. A joint model of continental collision, oceanic subduction and slab tearing Our numerical experiments were not designed to reproduce any particular case, but can be applied to the transition between a continental indenter flanked by active oceanic subduction. We stress that the ultimate goal of ...
Tectonic Snacks
... Make a continental--continental convergent boundary. Remove both the cracker and fruit roll up from the frosting asthenosphere (you can eat or discard the fruit roll up). Place one edge of both crackers into the glass of water for just a few seconds. Place the crackers on the frosting with the wet e ...
... Make a continental--continental convergent boundary. Remove both the cracker and fruit roll up from the frosting asthenosphere (you can eat or discard the fruit roll up). Place one edge of both crackers into the glass of water for just a few seconds. Place the crackers on the frosting with the wet e ...
Activity—World Map of Plate Boundaries
... Students work in pairs or small groups of 3 or 4 students using washable markers to circle tectonic features. This hands-on activity captures the interest of all ability levels. The process of exploring the map and drawing with colored markers captures student interest and creates curiosity to disco ...
... Students work in pairs or small groups of 3 or 4 students using washable markers to circle tectonic features. This hands-on activity captures the interest of all ability levels. The process of exploring the map and drawing with colored markers captures student interest and creates curiosity to disco ...
Divergent Plate Boundaries
... boundary can only be explained if new crust was being formed and repeatedly split apart as magnetic field reversed ...
... boundary can only be explained if new crust was being formed and repeatedly split apart as magnetic field reversed ...
APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner
... known as ridge push. These locations are known as divergent boundaries, places where the plates are moving apart. New crust is created at ridges and rises where magma flows out of cracks in the crust at divergent boundaries on the ocean floor called spreading centers. Divergent boundaries are also f ...
... known as ridge push. These locations are known as divergent boundaries, places where the plates are moving apart. New crust is created at ridges and rises where magma flows out of cracks in the crust at divergent boundaries on the ocean floor called spreading centers. Divergent boundaries are also f ...
Mud Volcanoes in the Eastern Mediterranean
... composed of clay-rich mud (Robertson et al., 1996). Mud volcanoes occur almost everywhere on Earth, but are commonly associated with compressional tectonics at convergent margins (Higgins and Saunders, 1974). ODP Leg 160 drilled two mud volcanoes, the Milano and Napoli domes, at the backstop of the ...
... composed of clay-rich mud (Robertson et al., 1996). Mud volcanoes occur almost everywhere on Earth, but are commonly associated with compressional tectonics at convergent margins (Higgins and Saunders, 1974). ODP Leg 160 drilled two mud volcanoes, the Milano and Napoli domes, at the backstop of the ...
Continental Drift and Sea Floor Spreading Notes
... deep ocean trench -a place where part of the ocean floor sinks back into the mantle ...
... deep ocean trench -a place where part of the ocean floor sinks back into the mantle ...
Plate Tectonics
... Volcanic activities occur frequently at areas of plate boundaries. Plate tectonics causes movement in the plates and crust, resulting in cracks being formed. These cracks allows the pressure underneath the crust to push the magma, or sometimes water and steam, up the crust. ...
... Volcanic activities occur frequently at areas of plate boundaries. Plate tectonics causes movement in the plates and crust, resulting in cracks being formed. These cracks allows the pressure underneath the crust to push the magma, or sometimes water and steam, up the crust. ...
1-4 Section Summary
... he longest chain of mountains in the world is the mid-ocean ridge. In the mid-1900s, scientists mapped the mid-ocean ridge using sonar. Sonar is a device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects and then records the echoes of these sound waves. The mid-ocean ridge curves along the sea floor, ...
... he longest chain of mountains in the world is the mid-ocean ridge. In the mid-1900s, scientists mapped the mid-ocean ridge using sonar. Sonar is a device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects and then records the echoes of these sound waves. The mid-ocean ridge curves along the sea floor, ...
Oceanic trench
The oceanic trenches are hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor. They are also the deepest parts of the ocean floor. Oceanic trenches are a distinctive morphological feature of convergent plate boundaries, along which lithospheric plates move towards each other at rates that vary from a few mm to over ten cm per year. A trench marks the position at which the flexed, subducting slab begins to descend beneath another lithospheric slab. Trenches are generally parallel to a volcanic island arc, and about 200 km (120 mi) from a volcanic arc. Oceanic trenches typically extend 3 to 4 km (1.9 to 2.5 mi) below the level of the surrounding oceanic floor. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level. Oceanic lithosphere moves into trenches at a global rate of about 3 km2/yr.