Minerals, Rocks, Plate Tectonics Review
... d. Weathering and erosion 16. Some magma hardens, and then it is exposed to intense heat and pressure. What does this process create? a. Sediment b. Igneous rock c. Sedimentary rock d. Metamorphic rock 17. A volcanic eruption occurs. Magma rises up the volcano’s vents and soon reaches the surface. W ...
... d. Weathering and erosion 16. Some magma hardens, and then it is exposed to intense heat and pressure. What does this process create? a. Sediment b. Igneous rock c. Sedimentary rock d. Metamorphic rock 17. A volcanic eruption occurs. Magma rises up the volcano’s vents and soon reaches the surface. W ...
Growing low-oxygen zone in oceans worries scientists
... of the largest of the 400 or so ocean dead zones is in the Gulf of Mexico, near the mouth of the Mississippi. However, scientists now say that some of these areas, including those off the Northwest, apparently are linked to broader changes in ocean oxygen levels. The Pacific waters off Washington a ...
... of the largest of the 400 or so ocean dead zones is in the Gulf of Mexico, near the mouth of the Mississippi. However, scientists now say that some of these areas, including those off the Northwest, apparently are linked to broader changes in ocean oxygen levels. The Pacific waters off Washington a ...
Chapter 7 Review Test - Bismarck Public Schools
... 13. What type of boundary is formed when plates slide past each other? a. convergent c. divergent b. horizontal d. transform ...
... 13. What type of boundary is formed when plates slide past each other? a. convergent c. divergent b. horizontal d. transform ...
doc
... geometry. Laurentia and Gondwanaland were originally joined a few hundred million years ago in Pangea. As they broke apart through rifting, the Atlantic formed in the midst of the two continents. Wegener suggested this, building the similarities between South America and Africa into a case for conti ...
... geometry. Laurentia and Gondwanaland were originally joined a few hundred million years ago in Pangea. As they broke apart through rifting, the Atlantic formed in the midst of the two continents. Wegener suggested this, building the similarities between South America and Africa into a case for conti ...
Divergent Boundaries
... Off the coast of South America along the Peru-Chile trench, the oceanic Nazca Plate is pushing into and being subducted under the continental part of the South American Plate. In turn, the overriding South American Plate is being lifted up, creating the towering Andes mountains, the backbone of the ...
... Off the coast of South America along the Peru-Chile trench, the oceanic Nazca Plate is pushing into and being subducted under the continental part of the South American Plate. In turn, the overriding South American Plate is being lifted up, creating the towering Andes mountains, the backbone of the ...
deep-ocean trench
... – When the two collide, a deep underwater canyon forms where the ocean crust plunges back into the mantle. – The place where it plunges back into the mantle is called a deep-ocean trench. – This sinking of the older more dense crust is called subduction. ...
... – When the two collide, a deep underwater canyon forms where the ocean crust plunges back into the mantle. – The place where it plunges back into the mantle is called a deep-ocean trench. – This sinking of the older more dense crust is called subduction. ...
MS Word document, click here
... commonly geologically quiet, but regions where plate meets plate (boundaries) are areas of intense geologic activity. •The theory of plate tectonics thus provides explanations for nearly every facet of Earth geology, including: Earthquakes These tend to be focussed, as noted above, along plate bound ...
... commonly geologically quiet, but regions where plate meets plate (boundaries) are areas of intense geologic activity. •The theory of plate tectonics thus provides explanations for nearly every facet of Earth geology, including: Earthquakes These tend to be focussed, as noted above, along plate bound ...
Name Student ID Exam 2c – GEOL 1113 Fall 2009 ____
... ______ 33. Quartzite is the metamorphic product of a. quartz sandstone b. granite c. rhyolite d. olivine e. limestone _____ 34. A Benioff earthquake zone is significant in plate tectonic theory because it a. locates rift valleys on continents b. coincides with mid-oceanic ridges c. traces the descen ...
... ______ 33. Quartzite is the metamorphic product of a. quartz sandstone b. granite c. rhyolite d. olivine e. limestone _____ 34. A Benioff earthquake zone is significant in plate tectonic theory because it a. locates rift valleys on continents b. coincides with mid-oceanic ridges c. traces the descen ...
Name Student ID Exam 2b – GEOL 1113 Fall 2009 ____
... _____ 19. The fault is ___________ than formation C. We know this because of the principle of ___________ a. younger, superposition b. younger, cross-cutting relationships c. older, superposition d. older, cross-cutting relationships _____ 20. On the diagram the first thing to occur was ____________ ...
... _____ 19. The fault is ___________ than formation C. We know this because of the principle of ___________ a. younger, superposition b. younger, cross-cutting relationships c. older, superposition d. older, cross-cutting relationships _____ 20. On the diagram the first thing to occur was ____________ ...
Unit Six Notes
... The plates may move in opposite directions or in the same directions but at different rates and frequent earthquakes are created (example: San Andreas ...
... The plates may move in opposite directions or in the same directions but at different rates and frequent earthquakes are created (example: San Andreas ...
Exam 2a – GEOL 1113 Fall 2009
... _____21. _____ can occur when water-saturated soil turns from a solid to a liquid as a result of an earthquake. a. creep b. liquefaction c. solifluction d. soil collapse e. gelatinization _____ 22. The geologic structure represented on the map is a(n) a. unconformity b. right lateral strike-slip fau ...
... _____21. _____ can occur when water-saturated soil turns from a solid to a liquid as a result of an earthquake. a. creep b. liquefaction c. solifluction d. soil collapse e. gelatinization _____ 22. The geologic structure represented on the map is a(n) a. unconformity b. right lateral strike-slip fau ...
Chapter 3
... • Convergent Plate Boundaries – Lithospheric plates move toward each other – Higher density oceanic crust overridden by low density continental crust – Subduction zone forms and produces a trench – Subduction of older oceanic crust balances the spreading seafloor equation – Subduction zones are acti ...
... • Convergent Plate Boundaries – Lithospheric plates move toward each other – Higher density oceanic crust overridden by low density continental crust – Subduction zone forms and produces a trench – Subduction of older oceanic crust balances the spreading seafloor equation – Subduction zones are acti ...
Earth Structure - Cal State LA
... stripes of normal and reverse polarity at the mid-ocean ridge. ...
... stripes of normal and reverse polarity at the mid-ocean ridge. ...
Restless Continents
... • Wegener’s hypothesis was rejected at first • Scientists rejected it because from the calculated strength of rocks it did not seem possible for the crust to move this way. • It was not until many years after Wegener’s death that evidence provided clues that forces moved the continents. ...
... • Wegener’s hypothesis was rejected at first • Scientists rejected it because from the calculated strength of rocks it did not seem possible for the crust to move this way. • It was not until many years after Wegener’s death that evidence provided clues that forces moved the continents. ...
Document
... During the past decade, it has become recognized that plate bending near a trench before subduction can be associated with significant chemical hydration-linked reactions in cold lithospheric mantle and overlying ocean crust. Bend-faults appear to play a key role by providing high-permeability pathw ...
... During the past decade, it has become recognized that plate bending near a trench before subduction can be associated with significant chemical hydration-linked reactions in cold lithospheric mantle and overlying ocean crust. Bend-faults appear to play a key role by providing high-permeability pathw ...
File
... Continental rifts are commonly initiated by hot spots. The continental crust begins to extend, creating a rift valley (graben) bounded by normal faults. Typically, continental rifts will have three “arms” or three rift valleys that meet at one point (a triple junction), forming a shape like a “Y”. ...
... Continental rifts are commonly initiated by hot spots. The continental crust begins to extend, creating a rift valley (graben) bounded by normal faults. Typically, continental rifts will have three “arms” or three rift valleys that meet at one point (a triple junction), forming a shape like a “Y”. ...
Sismos: Lo que la Tierra intenta decirnos
... Velocity models at stations along the line can be used to construct a velocity ...
... Velocity models at stations along the line can be used to construct a velocity ...
DYNAMIC PLANET I
... • All the Earth’s oceans have a continuous mountain range, called a mid-ocean ridge • Located above rising currents in the mantle convection cells • Stand high because they are heated by hot rising material which expands the rocks ...
... • All the Earth’s oceans have a continuous mountain range, called a mid-ocean ridge • Located above rising currents in the mantle convection cells • Stand high because they are heated by hot rising material which expands the rocks ...
Oceanic Crust
... Land heats up faster than water (= the ocean). – The air over the land will also heat quickly. – Warm air rises, starting a convection current. – This brings moist ocean air inland. • Ocean air holds a lot of water vapor. • Warm air can also hold more water vapor. – When air cools, it may no longer ...
... Land heats up faster than water (= the ocean). – The air over the land will also heat quickly. – Warm air rises, starting a convection current. – This brings moist ocean air inland. • Ocean air holds a lot of water vapor. • Warm air can also hold more water vapor. – When air cools, it may no longer ...
Deep seabed mining - Pacific Ecologist
... about mining methane ice, i.e. the methane clathrates or methane hydrates on the ocean floor. Methane, of course, is a highly potent greenhouse gas. To think to mine methane is begging for trouble in the oceans already beset by so many problems from our industrial over-activity. The trench-lines of ...
... about mining methane ice, i.e. the methane clathrates or methane hydrates on the ocean floor. Methane, of course, is a highly potent greenhouse gas. To think to mine methane is begging for trouble in the oceans already beset by so many problems from our industrial over-activity. The trench-lines of ...
What is plate tectonics?
... another. The fracture zone that forms a transform plate boundary is known as a transform fault. Most transform faults are found in the ocean basin and connect offsets in the mid-ocean ridges. The most famous example of this is the San Andreas Fault Zone of western North America. The earthquakes are ...
... another. The fracture zone that forms a transform plate boundary is known as a transform fault. Most transform faults are found in the ocean basin and connect offsets in the mid-ocean ridges. The most famous example of this is the San Andreas Fault Zone of western North America. The earthquakes are ...
Background Knowledge – Layers of the Earth 1. List the layers of the
... friction creates a pulling effect on both pieces of crust and a deep oceanic trench is formed. 11.What feature is formed when two pieces of oceanic crust collide? One piece of oceanic crust will be subducted. When the plates collide, friction causes the subducting plate to melt quickly, becoming les ...
... friction creates a pulling effect on both pieces of crust and a deep oceanic trench is formed. 11.What feature is formed when two pieces of oceanic crust collide? One piece of oceanic crust will be subducted. When the plates collide, friction causes the subducting plate to melt quickly, becoming les ...
Earth*s Structure
... Meteoroids are rocks floating in space, when they enter our atmosphere, they heat up and burn. They are seen as “shooting stars” but are now called ...
... Meteoroids are rocks floating in space, when they enter our atmosphere, they heat up and burn. They are seen as “shooting stars” but are now called ...
Rough diamond hints at vast quantities of water inside Earth
... weight is water. "That doesn't sound like much, but when you calculate the vast volumes of ringwoodite thought to exist in the deep Earth, the amount of water might be as high as that contained in all the world's oceans," Pearson told the Guardian. That amounts to more than one billion billion ...
... weight is water. "That doesn't sound like much, but when you calculate the vast volumes of ringwoodite thought to exist in the deep Earth, the amount of water might be as high as that contained in all the world's oceans," Pearson told the Guardian. That amounts to more than one billion billion ...
Plate tectonics in the Andes
... melting occurs and the lighter melt rises up into the continental crust. This causes crustal melting incorporating some of the crust minerals in the melt. The final magma collects in ‘Magma Chambers’ and with increasing pressure eventually erupts as volcanoes. The final erupted material is called ‘A ...
... melting occurs and the lighter melt rises up into the continental crust. This causes crustal melting incorporating some of the crust minerals in the melt. The final magma collects in ‘Magma Chambers’ and with increasing pressure eventually erupts as volcanoes. The final erupted material is called ‘A ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.