ppt
... • Rocks from mantle including magmas • Their arguments can be run backwards once antineutrino data are in hand ...
... • Rocks from mantle including magmas • Their arguments can be run backwards once antineutrino data are in hand ...
Define and discuss on Geothermal Gradients Submitted by WWW
... The geothermal gradient of 25 degrees centigrade/kilometer is thought to be restricted to the upper part of the crust. If it continued at this rate uniformly from the surface, the internal temperature of the earth would be greater than 2,000 degrees centigrade within the lithosphere—a temperature th ...
... The geothermal gradient of 25 degrees centigrade/kilometer is thought to be restricted to the upper part of the crust. If it continued at this rate uniformly from the surface, the internal temperature of the earth would be greater than 2,000 degrees centigrade within the lithosphere—a temperature th ...
platetectonics-1232003374497953-1 - RCPL
... the subducted plate is nearly perpendicular to the trench axis. In Sumatra, where the motion is oblique to the axis, a strike-slip fault zone is seen, and is lying parallel to the volcanic chain. Strike-slip faults are vertical (or nearly vertical) fractures where the blocks have ...
... the subducted plate is nearly perpendicular to the trench axis. In Sumatra, where the motion is oblique to the axis, a strike-slip fault zone is seen, and is lying parallel to the volcanic chain. Strike-slip faults are vertical (or nearly vertical) fractures where the blocks have ...
2 Review Plate Tectonics l
... Plates move relative to each other at a very slow but con Seven major lithospheric plates Average about 5 centimeters (2 inches) per year Seven or so smaller ones. Cooler, denser slabs of oceanic lithosphere desce Plates are in motion and change in shape and size Largest plate is the Pacific plate ...
... Plates move relative to each other at a very slow but con Seven major lithospheric plates Average about 5 centimeters (2 inches) per year Seven or so smaller ones. Cooler, denser slabs of oceanic lithosphere desce Plates are in motion and change in shape and size Largest plate is the Pacific plate ...
Hydrothermal vent
... Hydrothermal vents are globally distributed, but their location is determined by tectonic conditions. Where plates form, such as mid-oceanic ridges and in areas where there is volcanic activity, the Earth’s magma is close to the seafloor and can heat water which has seeped down. The hydrothermal ven ...
... Hydrothermal vents are globally distributed, but their location is determined by tectonic conditions. Where plates form, such as mid-oceanic ridges and in areas where there is volcanic activity, the Earth’s magma is close to the seafloor and can heat water which has seeped down. The hydrothermal ven ...
tectonic forces
... that affect the environments of regions, INCLUDING weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soilbuilding processes. • How do physical forces effect a ...
... that affect the environments of regions, INCLUDING weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soilbuilding processes. • How do physical forces effect a ...
Plate Tectonics
... • As continents move toward the equator, its climate gets warmer. • Fossils of tropical plants were found in the Arctic Ocean. ( Spitsbergen) ...
... • As continents move toward the equator, its climate gets warmer. • Fossils of tropical plants were found in the Arctic Ocean. ( Spitsbergen) ...
3. The Earth system
... Along divergent boundaries two plates are pulled apart and a large valley forms in between. This is a zone where mantle rock rises toward the Earth’s surface and partially melts. Some of the molten rock (magma) solidifies before reaching the surface. Some reaches the surface and forms a volcanic ch ...
... Along divergent boundaries two plates are pulled apart and a large valley forms in between. This is a zone where mantle rock rises toward the Earth’s surface and partially melts. Some of the molten rock (magma) solidifies before reaching the surface. Some reaches the surface and forms a volcanic ch ...
Plate Tectonics Notes Name
... and crust 2. The Earth’s lithosphere is a ____________________ layer composed of part of the upper mantle and ____________________ 3. The Earth’s lithosphere is not continuous, but made up of ____________________ pieces fit together like a ____________________ Visualizing Earth’s layers ...
... and crust 2. The Earth’s lithosphere is a ____________________ layer composed of part of the upper mantle and ____________________ 3. The Earth’s lithosphere is not continuous, but made up of ____________________ pieces fit together like a ____________________ Visualizing Earth’s layers ...
The Mantle and Creation of the Oceanic Crust The Mantle
... Asthenosphere is the convecting part of the mantle. Lithosphere is a thermal and mechanical boundary layer. It is a thermal boundary layer in that heat is conducted, not convected, through it; it is a mechanical boundary layer in that it responds to stress by brittle fracture rather than ...
... Asthenosphere is the convecting part of the mantle. Lithosphere is a thermal and mechanical boundary layer. It is a thermal boundary layer in that heat is conducted, not convected, through it; it is a mechanical boundary layer in that it responds to stress by brittle fracture rather than ...
Marine and Coastal Systems: Resources, Impacts, and Conservation
... 3. Most of the seafloor is flat, but there are volcanic peaks, reefs, and deep trenches. 4. Oceanic zones differ greatly, and some support more life than others. a. The well-lit top 10 meters, called the photic zone, contains nearly all of the oceans’ primary productivity. b. Between the ocean’s sur ...
... 3. Most of the seafloor is flat, but there are volcanic peaks, reefs, and deep trenches. 4. Oceanic zones differ greatly, and some support more life than others. a. The well-lit top 10 meters, called the photic zone, contains nearly all of the oceans’ primary productivity. b. Between the ocean’s sur ...
Ch 16 - Marine and Coastal Systems-Outline
... 3. Most of the seafloor is flat, but there are volcanic peaks, reefs, and deep trenches. 4. Oceanic zones differ greatly, and some support more life than others. a. The well-lit top 10 meters, called the photic zone, contains nearly all of the oceans’ primary productivity. b. Between the ocean’s sur ...
... 3. Most of the seafloor is flat, but there are volcanic peaks, reefs, and deep trenches. 4. Oceanic zones differ greatly, and some support more life than others. a. The well-lit top 10 meters, called the photic zone, contains nearly all of the oceans’ primary productivity. b. Between the ocean’s sur ...
File - Flipped Out Science with Mrs. Thomas!
... crust collides with continental crust. Because oceanic crust is denser, it is always subducted beneath continental crust at a subduction zone. Volcanoes are common around subduction zones as crust melts into magma. Subduction zones also create the deep ocean trenches where oceanic crust is destroyed ...
... crust collides with continental crust. Because oceanic crust is denser, it is always subducted beneath continental crust at a subduction zone. Volcanoes are common around subduction zones as crust melts into magma. Subduction zones also create the deep ocean trenches where oceanic crust is destroyed ...
chapter 11 -- plate tectonics
... in the previous theories. The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth’s continental and oceanic crust is broken up into sections. These sections are called __________ or ____________ plates, and they move over the surface of the Earth. The larger plates and their boundaries can be seen in fi ...
... in the previous theories. The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth’s continental and oceanic crust is broken up into sections. These sections are called __________ or ____________ plates, and they move over the surface of the Earth. The larger plates and their boundaries can be seen in fi ...
Name: Date: Period: ______ Unit 7 – Oceans Review Test Details
... Test worth 143 points Ch. 19 – The Ocean Basin 1. What is mid-ocean ridge? 2. What is oceanography? 3. What is sonar? How does it work? 4. What is a continental shelf? 5. How fast do sound waves travel in water? (Give your answer in ft/sec) 6. Where are the flattest regions on Earth located? 7. What ...
... Test worth 143 points Ch. 19 – The Ocean Basin 1. What is mid-ocean ridge? 2. What is oceanography? 3. What is sonar? How does it work? 4. What is a continental shelf? 5. How fast do sound waves travel in water? (Give your answer in ft/sec) 6. Where are the flattest regions on Earth located? 7. What ...
Sea-Floor Spreading Lab
... that could detect very small changes in the earth's magnetic field - and could be carried in aircraft and used to survey large areas from the air. Surveys of the oceans, and in particular, areas on either side of the mid-ocean ridges, showed patterns of magnetic anomalies that were repeated (mirrore ...
... that could detect very small changes in the earth's magnetic field - and could be carried in aircraft and used to survey large areas from the air. Surveys of the oceans, and in particular, areas on either side of the mid-ocean ridges, showed patterns of magnetic anomalies that were repeated (mirrore ...
Resource Booklet for IB practice question 11
... Of great interest to marine scientists was the discovery of communities of animals living around deep vents on the ocean floor. From these vents pour large quantities of heated seawater which contain high quantities of hydrogen sulfides and dissolved minerals. These vents occur where tectonic plates ...
... Of great interest to marine scientists was the discovery of communities of animals living around deep vents on the ocean floor. From these vents pour large quantities of heated seawater which contain high quantities of hydrogen sulfides and dissolved minerals. These vents occur where tectonic plates ...
Ch 3 ppt
... – it forms during spreading – and is destroyed during subduction, therefore it does not survive as long as continental crust that does not subduct ...
... – it forms during spreading – and is destroyed during subduction, therefore it does not survive as long as continental crust that does not subduct ...
Along this axis of the Aleutian Trench lies the subduction zone, in
... One final side-trip: Mythology holds that Alfred Wegener died un-appreciated, and completely un-vindicated in 1930. There’s a delightful story writ in gravity studies of the ocean floor that tells us that this myth is not fully accurate. In the early 1920s, an intrepid Dutch geophysicist, Felix Ven ...
... One final side-trip: Mythology holds that Alfred Wegener died un-appreciated, and completely un-vindicated in 1930. There’s a delightful story writ in gravity studies of the ocean floor that tells us that this myth is not fully accurate. In the early 1920s, an intrepid Dutch geophysicist, Felix Ven ...
Drillers propose deep-Earth quest By Jonathan Amos Science
... The mantle makes up the bulk of our planet's volume and mass. It stretches from the bottom of the crust down to the Earth's iron-nickel core some 2,900km further down. Its rocks are distinct in composition from those that make up the continents and the ocean floor. They are thought predominantly to ...
... The mantle makes up the bulk of our planet's volume and mass. It stretches from the bottom of the crust down to the Earth's iron-nickel core some 2,900km further down. Its rocks are distinct in composition from those that make up the continents and the ocean floor. They are thought predominantly to ...
EarthComm_c2_esyl
... When continents collide to form a single continental landmass, a supercontinent forms. About 200 million years ago, a huge supercontinent called Pangea broke into separate continents that moved apart. ...
... When continents collide to form a single continental landmass, a supercontinent forms. About 200 million years ago, a huge supercontinent called Pangea broke into separate continents that moved apart. ...
Plate Tectonics - Madeira City Schools
... the deepest landforms found on the ocean floor • Volcanic Island Arcs form parallel to Ocean Trenches • Deepest Trench is the Mariana Trench ...
... the deepest landforms found on the ocean floor • Volcanic Island Arcs form parallel to Ocean Trenches • Deepest Trench is the Mariana Trench ...
Minerals, Rocks, Plate Tectonics Review
... d. Weathering and erosion 16. Some magma hardens, and then it is exposed to intense heat and pressure. What does this process create? a. Sediment b. Igneous rock c. Sedimentary rock d. Metamorphic rock 17. A volcanic eruption occurs. Magma rises up the volcano’s vents and soon reaches the surface. W ...
... d. Weathering and erosion 16. Some magma hardens, and then it is exposed to intense heat and pressure. What does this process create? a. Sediment b. Igneous rock c. Sedimentary rock d. Metamorphic rock 17. A volcanic eruption occurs. Magma rises up the volcano’s vents and soon reaches the surface. W ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.