topic #10 - earthquakes and tsunamis
... Two kinds of body waves • P waves (compressional) 6–8 km/s. Parallel to direction of movement (slinky), also called primary waves. Similar to sound waves. • S waves (shear) 4–5 km/s. Perpendicular to direction of movement (rope); also called secondary waves. Result from the shear strength of ...
... Two kinds of body waves • P waves (compressional) 6–8 km/s. Parallel to direction of movement (slinky), also called primary waves. Similar to sound waves. • S waves (shear) 4–5 km/s. Perpendicular to direction of movement (rope); also called secondary waves. Result from the shear strength of ...
When the Earth Moves: Sea Floor Spreading and Plate Tectonics
... divided into huge plates whose slow movements carry the continents on a slow drift around the globe. Where the plates come in contact with one another, they may cause catastrophic events, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, which in turn can trigger the destructive ocean waves known as tsuna ...
... divided into huge plates whose slow movements carry the continents on a slow drift around the globe. Where the plates come in contact with one another, they may cause catastrophic events, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, which in turn can trigger the destructive ocean waves known as tsuna ...
Plate tectonics: why only on Earth?
... perhaps already within the first billion years. Therefore, it is rather surprising that none of the other terrestrial planets – Mercury, Mars and Venus – show any sign of plate tectonics today or in their geologic history. Plate tectonics causes surface features on a planet that can be easily recogn ...
... perhaps already within the first billion years. Therefore, it is rather surprising that none of the other terrestrial planets – Mercury, Mars and Venus – show any sign of plate tectonics today or in their geologic history. Plate tectonics causes surface features on a planet that can be easily recogn ...
earthquake - Westmoreland Central School
... Earthquakes • The intensity and energy of an earthquake are measured on two different scales. – Richter Scale – measure of energy released • Scale from 1 to 10 • Each step increases 10 times in magnitude – Modified Mercalli Scale – measure of effect • Scale uses Roman numerals from I to XII • Highe ...
... Earthquakes • The intensity and energy of an earthquake are measured on two different scales. – Richter Scale – measure of energy released • Scale from 1 to 10 • Each step increases 10 times in magnitude – Modified Mercalli Scale – measure of effect • Scale uses Roman numerals from I to XII • Highe ...
Unit 5 Earthquakes P.T. Review
... • Earthquakes occur along plate boundaries at points called faults. • Energy is stored in the rocks which produces stress and strain… until the rock breaks! Releasing stored energy in the form of seismic waves. ...
... • Earthquakes occur along plate boundaries at points called faults. • Energy is stored in the rocks which produces stress and strain… until the rock breaks! Releasing stored energy in the form of seismic waves. ...
Direct evidence of active deformation in the eastern Indian oceanic
... deformation is expressed in the western part by reverse faults reactivating preexisting faults that formed at the spreading center (Bull and Scrutton, 1990; Van Orman et al., 1995), strike-slip faults reactivate old transform faults in the eastern part. The Ninetyeast aseismic ridge is thus a mechan ...
... deformation is expressed in the western part by reverse faults reactivating preexisting faults that formed at the spreading center (Bull and Scrutton, 1990; Van Orman et al., 1995), strike-slip faults reactivate old transform faults in the eastern part. The Ninetyeast aseismic ridge is thus a mechan ...
The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake related... a strong velocity gradient with the Pacific plate
... stations in land. NIED F-net determines moment tensor solutions using long-period (20–50 s) waves by comparing the Green’s function database calculated with intervals of 3 in depth and 5 km in the horizontal direction (Fukuyama et al., 1998) using a layered 1-D velocity structure. Sometimes the NIED ...
... stations in land. NIED F-net determines moment tensor solutions using long-period (20–50 s) waves by comparing the Green’s function database calculated with intervals of 3 in depth and 5 km in the horizontal direction (Fukuyama et al., 1998) using a layered 1-D velocity structure. Sometimes the NIED ...
Dynamic Planet Packet
... A clear heat-proof beaker, two thirds full with water is placed on a hot plate. When the water is simmering (not boiling), one cup of oatmeal will be poured into the beaker. One drop of food coloring will be added. Finally, some sawdust will be added. Write a prediction about what you think will hap ...
... A clear heat-proof beaker, two thirds full with water is placed on a hot plate. When the water is simmering (not boiling), one cup of oatmeal will be poured into the beaker. One drop of food coloring will be added. Finally, some sawdust will be added. Write a prediction about what you think will hap ...
Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes and Volcanoes
... location of the Alberta/British Columbia border. A shallow tropical continental shelf formed along the margin of the continent. All of the land west of this location has been added to the original continental edge due to the forces of plate tectonics. The converging plates built up the Cordillera. N ...
... location of the Alberta/British Columbia border. A shallow tropical continental shelf formed along the margin of the continent. All of the land west of this location has been added to the original continental edge due to the forces of plate tectonics. The converging plates built up the Cordillera. N ...
Hydroacoustic monitoring of seismicity at the slow
... the valley floor (423 events). The valley floor is defined as the region between the inner-most bounding faults with scarp heights >200 m. (b) Earthquakes located within a 30 km swath centered on the axis. Gray bars: Hydrophone events (1046 events). White bars: Teleseismic events during the same tim ...
... the valley floor (423 events). The valley floor is defined as the region between the inner-most bounding faults with scarp heights >200 m. (b) Earthquakes located within a 30 km swath centered on the axis. Gray bars: Hydrophone events (1046 events). White bars: Teleseismic events during the same tim ...
plate tectonics - Math/Science Nucleus
... past each other horizontally. This is called a transform plate boundary. Volcanoes and earthquakes help define the boundaries between the plates. Volcanoes form mostly at converging and diverging plate boundaries, where much magma is generated. Earthquakes occur at all three types of boundaries. Bec ...
... past each other horizontally. This is called a transform plate boundary. Volcanoes and earthquakes help define the boundaries between the plates. Volcanoes form mostly at converging and diverging plate boundaries, where much magma is generated. Earthquakes occur at all three types of boundaries. Bec ...
Seismic Investigation of the Yavapai-Mazatzal Transition Zone
... The Proterozoic continental assembly produced an area of accretion ~1200 km wide that includes major crustal provinces defined on the basis of their composition and age: the Archean Wyoming Province (with protoliths and deformation between 2.5–3.5 Ga), the Mojave Province (pre-1.8 Ga crustal materia ...
... The Proterozoic continental assembly produced an area of accretion ~1200 km wide that includes major crustal provinces defined on the basis of their composition and age: the Archean Wyoming Province (with protoliths and deformation between 2.5–3.5 Ga), the Mojave Province (pre-1.8 Ga crustal materia ...
Course: Geology 12 Big Ideas: Elaborations: Earth Materials
... o Law of cross-cutting relationships o Law of Inclusions o Law of unconformities explore different tectonic settings in various parts of the world and classify different plate boundaries based upon types of features (types of volcanoes, trenches, location of earthquake foci), landforms (mountain ran ...
... o Law of cross-cutting relationships o Law of Inclusions o Law of unconformities explore different tectonic settings in various parts of the world and classify different plate boundaries based upon types of features (types of volcanoes, trenches, location of earthquake foci), landforms (mountain ran ...
Document
... shallow plate interfaces between subducting and overriding tectonic plates. They typically cause less damage on the ground surface above their foci than is the case with similar magnitude shallow-focus earthquakes, but large intermediate-depth earthquakes may be felt at great distance from their epi ...
... shallow plate interfaces between subducting and overriding tectonic plates. They typically cause less damage on the ground surface above their foci than is the case with similar magnitude shallow-focus earthquakes, but large intermediate-depth earthquakes may be felt at great distance from their epi ...
(Atlantic) volcanic rifted margin
... (Reeves, 2000). Therefore, central issues for this subproject are the interplay of plume-driven and “normal” rift to MOR magmatism, regional tectonics and pre-Gondwana inherited structures in the continental breakup on the western margin. The availability of industry geophysical data and well logs ( ...
... (Reeves, 2000). Therefore, central issues for this subproject are the interplay of plume-driven and “normal” rift to MOR magmatism, regional tectonics and pre-Gondwana inherited structures in the continental breakup on the western margin. The availability of industry geophysical data and well logs ( ...
Unit 3: Earthquake Waves Introduction
... • Energy is transmitted through seismic (earthquake) waves or vibrations • Types of earthquake waves: • P- waves: Primary waves ...
... • Energy is transmitted through seismic (earthquake) waves or vibrations • Types of earthquake waves: • P- waves: Primary waves ...
Seismic structures of the 154–160 Ma oceanic crust and uppermost... in the Northwest Pacific Basin
... We present detailed P-wave velocity models for the Northwest Pacific Basin which were produced in 154– 160 Ma at a high seafloor spreading half-rate of >8 cm/yr and have not been appreciably deformed by tectonic or igneous activity since then. We carried out wide-angle seismic experiments on two cro ...
... We present detailed P-wave velocity models for the Northwest Pacific Basin which were produced in 154– 160 Ma at a high seafloor spreading half-rate of >8 cm/yr and have not been appreciably deformed by tectonic or igneous activity since then. We carried out wide-angle seismic experiments on two cro ...
The Balearic Basin in the West-Mediterranean
... The structural setting and evolution described is incompatible with extension required by a back-arc model. An alternative kinematic model to the backarc has been based on a process of indentation (Sokoutis et al. 2000) of the Sardinia-Corsica block during the Africa-Europe convergence (Figure 3). T ...
... The structural setting and evolution described is incompatible with extension required by a back-arc model. An alternative kinematic model to the backarc has been based on a process of indentation (Sokoutis et al. 2000) of the Sardinia-Corsica block during the Africa-Europe convergence (Figure 3). T ...
Unit 4 Notes
... -Many rocks on the ocean floor contain iron -As these rocks cool, they change from a liquid to a solid -As a liquid, magnetic particles can float freely and like tiny compasses, they line up with earth’s magnetic field and point north. -When the rock cools, the mineral grains lock in to place, reco ...
... -Many rocks on the ocean floor contain iron -As these rocks cool, they change from a liquid to a solid -As a liquid, magnetic particles can float freely and like tiny compasses, they line up with earth’s magnetic field and point north. -When the rock cools, the mineral grains lock in to place, reco ...
Seismic Waves and Earth`s Interior
... • Describe how a seismometer works. • Explain how seismic waves have been used to determine the structure and composition of Earth’s interior. ...
... • Describe how a seismometer works. • Explain how seismic waves have been used to determine the structure and composition of Earth’s interior. ...
Earthquakes 1
... • Earthquakes occur along plate boundaries at points called faults. • Energy is stored in the rocks which produces stress and strain… until the rock breaks! Releasing stored energy in the form of seismic waves. ...
... • Earthquakes occur along plate boundaries at points called faults. • Energy is stored in the rocks which produces stress and strain… until the rock breaks! Releasing stored energy in the form of seismic waves. ...
Earthscope
Earthscope is an earth science program using geological and geophysical techniques to explore the structure and evolution of the North American continent and to understand the processes controlling earthquakes and volcanoes. The project has three components: USARRAY, the Plate Boundary Observatory, and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth.The project is funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the data produced is publicly accessible in real-time. Organizations associated with the project include UNAVCO, the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), Stanford University, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Several international organizations also contribute to the initiative.