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The Mysterious Planet Earth - Japan Agency for Marine
The Mysterious Planet Earth - Japan Agency for Marine

... unsure what exactly causes this lack of oxygen. The most recent oceanic anoxic event, which occurred 100 million years ago, did not last long enough to cause a mass extinction, but by investigating events associated with it we may be able to understand more about what causes oceanic anoxic events th ...
Assessment Rubric for Religious Institutions
Assessment Rubric for Religious Institutions

...  No reference or derogatory references are made to the earth in prayers and/or sermons.  Plants/animals never integrated into worship services.  Members are discouraged from environment-based spiritual practices.  No worship services held outdoors. ...
Questions for Battle Ball
Questions for Battle Ball

... These questions are taken from the test (and changed slightly) that I might give at the end of Chapter 7. These of course could be modified to fit better if you were doing a unit test instead. 1. What two things make up the lithosphere? 2. What do the plates of the lithosphere float on? 3. The hypot ...
Grade 5 Science
Grade 5 Science

... Background Information: After students have an understanding of the landforms found on earth, students are ready to discuss how these landforms are created and how erosion changes them. Provide the following background information: weathering, erosion, and deposition are three of the processes that ...
Important Volcano Facts notes fill in
Important Volcano Facts notes fill in

...  There are more than 600 __________ volcanoes.  Magma( A) is ______ ______ than the rock (B) around it. Because of this, magma _________ towards Earth’s surface. ...
exploring the earth: a ten day journey from the inside out
exploring the earth: a ten day journey from the inside out

Plate Tectonics Review Answers
Plate Tectonics Review Answers

... __K___8. When ocean floor sinks under another plate ...
Sample Pages - Pro-Ed
Sample Pages - Pro-Ed

... prompts for each section of the Earth and Space Science student text and for every lab and demonstration included in this program. After you have read a section of the text, observed a demonstration, or completed a lab activity, complete the graphic organizer to review what you have learned. Then, r ...
Area strip mining: - Edmond Public Schools
Area strip mining: - Edmond Public Schools

... Series of large waves generated when part of the ocean floor suddenly rises or drops, usually because of an earthquake. ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics

... Plate tectonics 1. Intro-important concepts 2. Kinematics-plane view & on a sphere 3. Extensional tectonics 4. Compressional tectonics 5. Transform boundaries ...
Mountains are Mountains, Aren`t They
Mountains are Mountains, Aren`t They

... the case. Nor do all volcanoes look alike. Some volcanoes are formed over “hot spots.” These are places where the magma in the mantle spurt upward, breaking through the crust. Volcanoes also vary their shape depending upon the material that is extruded from them. High viscosity magma, or ash erupti ...
11 EG SP Exam 1 Review
11 EG SP Exam 1 Review

... (a) age measured in years. (b) the order in which events occur. (c) age measured only by carbon-14 dating. (d) age measured only by potassium-argon dating. The principle of original horizontality is based on the fact that (a) sediment usually accumulates in horizontal layers. (b) sedimentary rocks g ...
inside earth
inside earth

... Big Idea: Students will understand Earth's internal structure and the dynamic nature of the tectonic plates that form its surface. Objective 1: Evaluate the source of Earth's internal heat and the evidence of Earth's internal structure. Objective 2: Describe the development of the current theory of ...
Chapter 5 Fast Changes on Earth: Volcanoes
Chapter 5 Fast Changes on Earth: Volcanoes

... Main Idea Sudden changes to the Earth’s surface can be caused by volcanoes Vocabulary Volcano (262) – a mountain that builds up around an opening in Earth’s crust Hot spot (264) – a place where magma partially melts through Earth’s crust Crater (266) – a cup like shape formed around the vent of a vo ...
Chapter 21: Fossils and the Rock Record
Chapter 21: Fossils and the Rock Record

... Rocks exposed in the deepest part of the Grand Canyon are some of the oldest in North America. These are mostly igneous and metamorphic rocks. Within the Vishnu Group at the bottom of the Grand Canyon sequence are dikes of granite. The principle of cross-cutting relationships states that an intrusi ...
Earth Science
Earth Science

... Historical contamination of Muskegon Lake and phosphorus loading in Spring Lake illustrate this concept. Students take environmental measurements in these four areas with the intent of analyzing the interactions. Specific examples of change are explored such as the impact of zebra and quagga mussels ...
key questions about the early earth
key questions about the early earth

... southwest Greenland at a location called Isua. The very existence of the Isua BIF requires the presence of stable surface water, at least locally for the chemical deposition of the sedimentary components at ca. 3800 Ma. These rocks were deposited in a somewhat analogous way to how limestones or cher ...
Earthquake Study Guide Key
Earthquake Study Guide Key

... Magnitude is determined by measuring the amplitude, or “swing” of the largest seismic wave on the seismogram. Magnitude measures the total amount of energy released at the focus of the earthquake. A magnitude 7 earthquake release the same amount of energy always, though the effects might differ base ...
the lesson`s assignment document
the lesson`s assignment document

... 5. Evidence supporting continental drift came from similar fossils found on different continents. An example of a fossil was an aquatic reptile called __________. 6. Wegener’s evidence was rejected until 1967, when a new theory called __________ __________ emerged. ...
Continental Drift, Sea-floor spreading, & Plate Tectonics
Continental Drift, Sea-floor spreading, & Plate Tectonics

... 1. Continental Drift - A hypothesis, which states that continents have moved around the globe, over time, to reach their current positions. 2. Alfred Wegener came up with this theory in 1912. 3. He believed that all continents were connected as one large landmass about 200 million years ago. 4. Then ...
What forces shape the earth?
What forces shape the earth?

Stress and Strain - El Molino High School
Stress and Strain - El Molino High School

... • Even though rocks can be twisted, squeezed, and stretched, they fracture when stress and strain reach a critical point. At these breaks, rocks can move, releasing the energy built up as a result of stress. Earthquakes are the result of this movement and release of energy. ...
oceanic crust - Duluth High School
oceanic crust - Duluth High School

... Some Parts of the Earth’s Surface Build Up and Some Wear Down  Internal geologic processes • Generally build up the earth’s surface ...
174 CONTINENTS AND THEIR MOVEMENT B.J. Taygushanov, E.V.
174 CONTINENTS AND THEIR MOVEMENT B.J. Taygushanov, E.V.

Plate Tectonic Internet Activity
Plate Tectonic Internet Activity

... 20. What actually moves poles or plates? 21. Next. Give two contradictory beliefs to continental drift. 22. Why was his work not accepted by most in the Northern Hemisphere? 23. Who found the mechanism to move the plates? 24. What is the mechanism called? 25. Next. How deep and wide is the mid-Atla ...
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Age of the Earth



The age of the Earth is 4.54 ± 0.05 billion years (4.54 × 109 years ± 1%). This age is based on evidence from radiometric age dating of meteorite material and is consistent with the radiometric ages of the oldest-known terrestrial and lunar samples.Following the development of radiometric age dating in the early 20th century, measurements of lead in uranium-rich minerals showed that some were in excess of a billion years old.The oldest such minerals analyzed to date—small crystals of zircon from the Jack Hills of Western Australia—are at least 4.404 billion years old. Comparing the mass and luminosity of the Sun to those of other stars, it appears that the Solar System cannot be much older than those rocks. Calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions – the oldest known solid constituents within meteorites that are formed within the Solar System – are 4.567 billion years old, giving an age for the solar system and an upper limit for the age of Earth.It is hypothesised that the accretion of Earth began soon after the formation of the calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions and the meteorites. Because the exact amount of time this accretion process took is not yet known, and the predictions from different accretion models range from a few millions up to about 100 million years, the exact age of Earth is difficult to determine. It is also difficult to determine the exact age of the oldest rocks on Earth, exposed at the surface, as they are aggregates of minerals of possibly different ages.
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