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OX(D) (or O(D)) for a Cartier divisor D on a scheme X (1) on
OX(D) (or O(D)) for a Cartier divisor D on a scheme X (1) on

here
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... in w1 . Thus, in this case, W1 ⊆ W2 . It follows that either W1 ⊆ W2 or W2 ⊆ W1 . Now, we must prove the converse. We wish to show that, given either W1 ⊆ W2 or W2 ⊆ W1 , we have that W1 ∪ W2 is a subspace of V . Choose a scalar c ∈ F and a vector v ∈ W1 ∪ W2 . Then v is an element of W1 or W2 . But ...
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Dual space

In mathematics, any vector space V has a corresponding dual vector space (or just dual space for short) consisting of all linear functionals on V together with a naturally induced linear structure. Dual vector spaces for finite-dimensional vector spaces show up in tensor analysis. When applied to vector spaces of functions (which are typically infinite-dimensional), dual spaces are used to describe measures, distributions, and Hilbert spaces. Consequently, the dual space is an important concept in functional analysis.There are two types of dual spaces: the algebraic dual space, and the continuous dual space. The algebraic dual space is defined for all vector spaces. When defined for a topological vector space there is a subspace of this dual space, corresponding to continuous linear functionals, which constitutes a continuous dual space.
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