Aquatic Noise Pollution: Implications for Individuals, Populations
... Kunc HP, McLaughlin KE, and Schmidt R ESM 1. Studies investigating the effect of noise pollution on aquatic organisms. Studies were derived from a web of science search in June 2016 using the terms "noise" and "invertebrate", or "reptile", or "fish", or "mammal". This search returned more than 2500 ...
... Kunc HP, McLaughlin KE, and Schmidt R ESM 1. Studies investigating the effect of noise pollution on aquatic organisms. Studies were derived from a web of science search in June 2016 using the terms "noise" and "invertebrate", or "reptile", or "fish", or "mammal". This search returned more than 2500 ...
HARD-TO- SPELL WORDS absence abyss academically accessible
... Gamomania.....................................................Irresistible craving to get married Heliomania ......................................................Compulsion to spend time in the sun Homicidomania...............................................Excessive desire to commit murder Hydrodi ...
... Gamomania.....................................................Irresistible craving to get married Heliomania ......................................................Compulsion to spend time in the sun Homicidomania...............................................Excessive desire to commit murder Hydrodi ...
Chapter1 (new window)
... – Method of constant stimuli • Five to nine stimuli of different intensities are presented in random order • Multiple trials are presented • Threshold is the intensity that results in detection in 50% of trials. ...
... – Method of constant stimuli • Five to nine stimuli of different intensities are presented in random order • Multiple trials are presented • Threshold is the intensity that results in detection in 50% of trials. ...
Primary User Authentication of Cognitive Radio Network using
... ØProblem – Just detection of energy levels is not sufficient enough to differentiate PU from PUE • Match-filter detection ØCorrelates a shifted version of the PU waveform and compares the output of the filter with the predetermined signal ØProblem – requires perfect knowledge of PU, and moreover a ...
... ØProblem – Just detection of energy levels is not sufficient enough to differentiate PU from PUE • Match-filter detection ØCorrelates a shifted version of the PU waveform and compares the output of the filter with the predetermined signal ØProblem – requires perfect knowledge of PU, and moreover a ...
Introduction to Perception
... points) and Regina (red points) by means of the method of constant stimuli. These data indicate that Julie’s threshold is lower than Regina’s. But is Julie really more sensitive to the light than Regina, or does she just appear to be more sensitive because she is a more liberal responder? ...
... points) and Regina (red points) by means of the method of constant stimuli. These data indicate that Julie’s threshold is lower than Regina’s. But is Julie really more sensitive to the light than Regina, or does she just appear to be more sensitive because she is a more liberal responder? ...
critical impacts to bbnj: incorporating the management
... acidification due to climate change will likely increase these negative impacts by allowing some frequencies of noise to spread even farther and faster. The new instrument under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity beyond national j ...
... acidification due to climate change will likely increase these negative impacts by allowing some frequencies of noise to spread even farther and faster. The new instrument under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity beyond national j ...
Ocean Noise: Turn it down
... Secretary-General described it in 2005 as one of five `current major threats to some populations of whales and other cetaceans’ and as one of 10 `main current and foreseeable impacts on marine biodiversity’. Many organisations have called for greater monitoring, research and multilateral action to h ...
... Secretary-General described it in 2005 as one of five `current major threats to some populations of whales and other cetaceans’ and as one of 10 `main current and foreseeable impacts on marine biodiversity’. Many organisations have called for greater monitoring, research and multilateral action to h ...
Stochastic resonance (sensory neurobiology)
Stochastic resonance is a phenomenon that occurs in a threshold measurement system (e.g. a man-made instrument or device; a natural cell, organ or organism) when an appropriate measure of information transfer (signal-to-noise ratio, mutual information, coherence, d', etc.) is maximized in the presence of a non-zero level of stochastic input noise thereby lowering the response threshold; the system resonates at a particular noise level.The three criteria that must be met for stochastic resonance to occur are: Nonlinear device or system: the input-output relationship must be nonlinear Weak, periodic signal of interest: the input signal must be below threshold of measurement device and recur periodically Added input noise: there must be random, uncorrelated variation added to signal of interestStochastic resonance occurs when these conditions combine in such a way that a certain average noise intensity results in maximized information transfer. A time-averaged (or, equivalently, low-pass filtered) output due to signal of interest plus noise will yield an even better measurement of the signal compared to the system's response without noise in terms of SNR.The idea of adding noise to a system in order to improve the quality of measurements is counter-intuitive. Measurement systems are usually constructed or evolved to reduce noise as much as possible and thereby provide the most precise measurement of the signal of interest. Numerous experiments have demonstrated that, in both biological and non-biological systems, the addition of noise can actually improve the probability of detecting the signal; this is stochastic resonance. The systems in which stochastic resonance occur are always nonlinear systems. The addition of noise to a linear system will always decrease the information transfer rate.