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... governments. He maintains that fiscal decentralisation is considered as the potential of sub-national governments to increase tax revenues, and make decision how to allocate their monetary resources on various projects within the legal boundary. Bird and Wallich (1993) note that fiscal decentralisat ...
... governments. He maintains that fiscal decentralisation is considered as the potential of sub-national governments to increase tax revenues, and make decision how to allocate their monetary resources on various projects within the legal boundary. Bird and Wallich (1993) note that fiscal decentralisat ...
GROWING, SHRINKING AND LONG RUN
... and the growth reversals eventually disappearing with the transition to modern economic growth in the eighteenth century. As periods of negative growth became less frequent and as the rate of shrinking decreased in northwestern Europe, Britain and Holland overtook Italy and Spain, as shown in Figure ...
... and the growth reversals eventually disappearing with the transition to modern economic growth in the eighteenth century. As periods of negative growth became less frequent and as the rate of shrinking decreased in northwestern Europe, Britain and Holland overtook Italy and Spain, as shown in Figure ...
economic consequences of the size of government in australia
... effects upon economic growth for a host of reasons. These include the distortionary effects of taxation imposed to finance government expenditures, the displacement effects of private sector economic activity attributable to public sector interventions, and the growth in governmental activity encour ...
... effects upon economic growth for a host of reasons. These include the distortionary effects of taxation imposed to finance government expenditures, the displacement effects of private sector economic activity attributable to public sector interventions, and the growth in governmental activity encour ...
ECOTRIM A program for temporal disaggregation of time
... government final consumption; gross fixed capital formation; changes in inventories; export; imports. ...
... government final consumption; gross fixed capital formation; changes in inventories; export; imports. ...
Shadow Economies: Size, Causes, and Consequences
... HADOW OR UNDERGROUND economic activity is a fact of life around the world, and there are strong indications that it is increasing. Most societies attempt to control these activities through various punitive measures or through education, rather than through reforms of the tax and social security sys ...
... HADOW OR UNDERGROUND economic activity is a fact of life around the world, and there are strong indications that it is increasing. Most societies attempt to control these activities through various punitive measures or through education, rather than through reforms of the tax and social security sys ...
Preview
... Barro (1990), Mauro (1995) and Ventelou (2002). In the presence of one or more sources of market failure, the interventions of political economy in our theoretical framework may assume two different forms: fiscal measures (typical of the Old Continent) or institutional policy (typical of North Ameri ...
... Barro (1990), Mauro (1995) and Ventelou (2002). In the presence of one or more sources of market failure, the interventions of political economy in our theoretical framework may assume two different forms: fiscal measures (typical of the Old Continent) or institutional policy (typical of North Ameri ...
Preview Sample 2
... possible for Betty to have an absolute advantage in the production of both cakes and cookies? Is it possible for Betty to have a comparative advantage in the production of both cakes and cookies? Explain. Yes, it is possible for Betty to have an absolute advantage in the production of cakes and cook ...
... possible for Betty to have an absolute advantage in the production of both cakes and cookies? Is it possible for Betty to have a comparative advantage in the production of both cakes and cookies? Explain. Yes, it is possible for Betty to have an absolute advantage in the production of cakes and cook ...
IB Economics SL Unit 2: Macroeconomics
... capital goods. It is money that enters the circular flow. An example is spending from firms and the government and not directly from households. InjecQons lead to an increase in economic acQvity. If th ...
... capital goods. It is money that enters the circular flow. An example is spending from firms and the government and not directly from households. InjecQons lead to an increase in economic acQvity. If th ...
The evolution of economic convergence in the
... among European countries remains thus highly controversial. One strand of the literature analyzes convergence at the regional level. For example, in an early paper, Quah (1996) argues that European regions cannot be viewed in isolation, instead physical location and geographical spillovers account f ...
... among European countries remains thus highly controversial. One strand of the literature analyzes convergence at the regional level. For example, in an early paper, Quah (1996) argues that European regions cannot be viewed in isolation, instead physical location and geographical spillovers account f ...
CROSS-BORDER ECONOMIC RENEWAL Rethinking Regional
... A case can be made that one of the legacies of the unhappy history between the two parts of Ireland, and between Ireland and Britain, was an inferior level of economic performance since partition. Indeed, the island as a whole continued to under-perform until well into the 1980s. The usual explanati ...
... A case can be made that one of the legacies of the unhappy history between the two parts of Ireland, and between Ireland and Britain, was an inferior level of economic performance since partition. Indeed, the island as a whole continued to under-perform until well into the 1980s. The usual explanati ...
guns, butter, leon keyserling, the afl-cio, and the - The Keep
... Keyserling felt no qualms about this growing relationship, but it would later return to haunt him. ...
... Keyserling felt no qualms about this growing relationship, but it would later return to haunt him. ...
OCR AS Level Economics H060
... a strong grounding in both microeconomics and macroeconomics, through a two-component externally assessed qualification. The key purpose of this qualification is to provide an introduction to the study of Economics, with the content focusing on providing the basic knowledge and understanding of the ...
... a strong grounding in both microeconomics and macroeconomics, through a two-component externally assessed qualification. The key purpose of this qualification is to provide an introduction to the study of Economics, with the content focusing on providing the basic knowledge and understanding of the ...
Entrepreneurship and economic development: Theory - UNU
... For instance Shane and Venkataraman (2000) define an `opportunity' as when goods can be sold at a profit. From a development perspective this is inadequate because it implies that utility from ...
... For instance Shane and Venkataraman (2000) define an `opportunity' as when goods can be sold at a profit. From a development perspective this is inadequate because it implies that utility from ...
Shadow Economies and Corruption All Over the World: New
... An increase of the shadow economy can lead to reduced state revenues which in turn reduce the quality and quantity of publicly provided goods and services. Ultimately, this can lead to an increase in the tax rates for firms and individuals in the official sector, quite often combined with a deterior ...
... An increase of the shadow economy can lead to reduced state revenues which in turn reduce the quality and quantity of publicly provided goods and services. Ultimately, this can lead to an increase in the tax rates for firms and individuals in the official sector, quite often combined with a deterior ...
About
... and demand analysis? What does a black market look like on a typical supply/demand chart?" We answer that question in The Effects of... Top Economics Articles About Economics July 28, 2005, 12:14 pm It's funny to see which economics articles posted on this site are read by thousands by each day and ...
... and demand analysis? What does a black market look like on a typical supply/demand chart?" We answer that question in The Effects of... Top Economics Articles About Economics July 28, 2005, 12:14 pm It's funny to see which economics articles posted on this site are read by thousands by each day and ...
Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries
... Miss Carmen Baeriswyl and Miss Uschi Anthamatten who contributed substantially at different stages of writing up this dissertation to improve its form, but also its content. However, the responsibility of all imperfections of form and content, the literary style in the main, remain of course mine. I ...
... Miss Carmen Baeriswyl and Miss Uschi Anthamatten who contributed substantially at different stages of writing up this dissertation to improve its form, but also its content. However, the responsibility of all imperfections of form and content, the literary style in the main, remain of course mine. I ...
A Comparative Analysis of Varying Welfare States
... state is inclusive of the types of welfare state as defined by Gosta Esping-Anderson in his highly cited book The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism16. In this book, EspingAnderson lays out three different models of welfare states which are representative for the different types of modern capitalist ...
... state is inclusive of the types of welfare state as defined by Gosta Esping-Anderson in his highly cited book The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism16. In this book, EspingAnderson lays out three different models of welfare states which are representative for the different types of modern capitalist ...
Government and economic growth: Does size matter?
... reducing the size of its government as a share of the overall economy. This paper summarises the theory and evidence around the impact on economic growth of the level and composition of government expenditure and revenue. This paper focuses on the longer-term growth impacts of the size and structure ...
... reducing the size of its government as a share of the overall economy. This paper summarises the theory and evidence around the impact on economic growth of the level and composition of government expenditure and revenue. This paper focuses on the longer-term growth impacts of the size and structure ...
CPI Mismeasurements and Their Impacts on Economic
... using prices of 489 items that have a higher than 1/10,000 share of the average urban household’s monthly expenditure, worth 185 Korean won. Agricultural, ªshery, and livestock products are surveyed three times per month on a weekday of three weeks, which contain the 5th, 14th, and 23rd day of the m ...
... using prices of 489 items that have a higher than 1/10,000 share of the average urban household’s monthly expenditure, worth 185 Korean won. Agricultural, ªshery, and livestock products are surveyed three times per month on a weekday of three weeks, which contain the 5th, 14th, and 23rd day of the m ...
German-Central European Supply Chain--Cluster Report
... competitiveness in knowledge-intensive sectors. As unit labor cost differentials with Germany narrow, the CE4 countries may struggle to sustain their current role in the supply chain. In order to remain part of the GCESC—or branch out into more specialized export production activities, as some count ...
... competitiveness in knowledge-intensive sectors. As unit labor cost differentials with Germany narrow, the CE4 countries may struggle to sustain their current role in the supply chain. In order to remain part of the GCESC—or branch out into more specialized export production activities, as some count ...
Comment on “Identifying the Interdependence between US
... If coalition governments aim at a containment of the budgetary deficits, they will possibly select the most uncontroversial consolidation path. (12) state-owned enterprises are allocated on different national levels. Federalism could both reduce or increase privat. activity. © Friedrich Schneide ...
... If coalition governments aim at a containment of the budgetary deficits, they will possibly select the most uncontroversial consolidation path. (12) state-owned enterprises are allocated on different national levels. Federalism could both reduce or increase privat. activity. © Friedrich Schneide ...
What Is Gained By Selectively Withholding Foreign Aid? Allan
... aims? How can aid programs be restructured to better achieve their goals? The answers to these questions are obviously related. In this paper, we explore a (perhaps extreme) answer to the second question, based on a strong view about the answer to the first question in the case of some recipients. P ...
... aims? How can aid programs be restructured to better achieve their goals? The answers to these questions are obviously related. In this paper, we explore a (perhaps extreme) answer to the second question, based on a strong view about the answer to the first question in the case of some recipients. P ...
Globalization: Definition, Processes and Concepts
... become perhaps the most important factor determining the standard of living, much more than land, tools, work. Today the most advanced economies in terms of technology are really based on science / knowledge. The increase of the so-called "economic science" meant that economists were challenged to l ...
... become perhaps the most important factor determining the standard of living, much more than land, tools, work. Today the most advanced economies in terms of technology are really based on science / knowledge. The increase of the so-called "economic science" meant that economists were challenged to l ...
Uncertainty Shocks and Equity Return Jumps and Volatility during
... With the benefit of hindsight it may seem clear that the Great Depression was a temporary aberration for an American economy which has seen persistent growth throughout its recorded economic history. Those that lived through the Depression however,1 experienced unprecedented uncertainty shocks, incl ...
... With the benefit of hindsight it may seem clear that the Great Depression was a temporary aberration for an American economy which has seen persistent growth throughout its recorded economic history. Those that lived through the Depression however,1 experienced unprecedented uncertainty shocks, incl ...
79083095I_en.pdf
... advanced industrial countries would aid Latin America with specific programmes of technological assistance. Another related proposal, first raised in 1949, was the creation of a Latin American Common Market (Prebisch, 1950). The logic behind the proposal was that this would give the new industries a ...
... advanced industrial countries would aid Latin America with specific programmes of technological assistance. Another related proposal, first raised in 1949, was the creation of a Latin American Common Market (Prebisch, 1950). The logic behind the proposal was that this would give the new industries a ...