31 May 2012 Innovation in the Social Sciences Sir Roderick Floud
... wealth, is created only by the making, growing or mining of tangible objects. Politicians, and many others, consider that manufacturing is wealth-creating, while all other economic activities – particularly if they are in the public sector – are non-productive, wealth-consuming and therefore inferio ...
... wealth, is created only by the making, growing or mining of tangible objects. Politicians, and many others, consider that manufacturing is wealth-creating, while all other economic activities – particularly if they are in the public sector – are non-productive, wealth-consuming and therefore inferio ...
Industrialization and Economic Policy in Algeria: a Synthesis
... Following the riots in October 1988, and the military coup which interrupted the electoral process at the beginning of 1992 (after the Front Islamique de Salut had won the first round of elections), Algeria erupted into civil war (the ‘black decade’: 1992-1999) between the military power and Islami ...
... Following the riots in October 1988, and the military coup which interrupted the electoral process at the beginning of 1992 (after the Front Islamique de Salut had won the first round of elections), Algeria erupted into civil war (the ‘black decade’: 1992-1999) between the military power and Islami ...
World War II - University of Warwick
... items, deterioration of quality) may have reduced welfare and are not captured in Table 1’s cost estimates. 6 In addition, World War II was notable as the first war financed substantially by taxation: nearly one half of expenditures were financed by additional income, corporate, and excess profits ...
... items, deterioration of quality) may have reduced welfare and are not captured in Table 1’s cost estimates. 6 In addition, World War II was notable as the first war financed substantially by taxation: nearly one half of expenditures were financed by additional income, corporate, and excess profits ...
The Sluggish Recovery from the Great Recession: Why There Is No `V`
... Conventional wisdom holds that severe recessions are usually followed by strong recoveries. This belief goes by many names. Milton Friedman termed it the “plucking theory” of business fluctuations, likening recessions to down plucks on a guitar string.1 The essential insight is that the harder you p ...
... Conventional wisdom holds that severe recessions are usually followed by strong recoveries. This belief goes by many names. Milton Friedman termed it the “plucking theory” of business fluctuations, likening recessions to down plucks on a guitar string.1 The essential insight is that the harder you p ...
Theoretical Section
... The structuralist theory of economics generated a certain number of concepts that we think are highly valuable as theoretical tools in order to categorize economic phenomena, specifically in our case. We have accepted the ideas from the structuralist thoughts after having put them into question, tha ...
... The structuralist theory of economics generated a certain number of concepts that we think are highly valuable as theoretical tools in order to categorize economic phenomena, specifically in our case. We have accepted the ideas from the structuralist thoughts after having put them into question, tha ...
Demand-Side-Policies (1)
... • Some economists argue that expansionary fiscal policy (higher government spending) will not increase AD, because the higher government spending will crowd out the private sector. This is because government have to borrow from the private sector who will then have lower funds for private investm ...
... • Some economists argue that expansionary fiscal policy (higher government spending) will not increase AD, because the higher government spending will crowd out the private sector. This is because government have to borrow from the private sector who will then have lower funds for private investm ...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
... scale (Von-Prisckieke 1986), Farming activities over the years in Nigeria have been seen to be supported by two main sources of credit, i.e. the formal and the informal sources, otherwise referred to as institutional credit sources and non-institutional sources respectively. The informal sources are ...
... scale (Von-Prisckieke 1986), Farming activities over the years in Nigeria have been seen to be supported by two main sources of credit, i.e. the formal and the informal sources, otherwise referred to as institutional credit sources and non-institutional sources respectively. The informal sources are ...
Working Paper 3 - The Agricultural Research Group on Sustainability
... “decided” via markets and the price mechanism. In a market we distinguish between buyers (demand) and sellers (supply). Demand is defined as potential willingness to pay (WTP) for good or service in a period and/or as potential benefit from good or service. The demand is generally influenced by pric ...
... “decided” via markets and the price mechanism. In a market we distinguish between buyers (demand) and sellers (supply). Demand is defined as potential willingness to pay (WTP) for good or service in a period and/or as potential benefit from good or service. The demand is generally influenced by pric ...
Summary of the Eleventh National Economic and Social
... direction of future development. The 2008 world economic crisis has led to adjustments in global rules and regulations in the areas of trade, investment, finance, and environmental and social matters. Reformed rules and regulations in trade and investment have focused mostly on transparency, climate ...
... direction of future development. The 2008 world economic crisis has led to adjustments in global rules and regulations in the areas of trade, investment, finance, and environmental and social matters. Reformed rules and regulations in trade and investment have focused mostly on transparency, climate ...
If the GDP is Up, Why is America Down?
... By itself the GDP tells very little. Simply a measure of total output (the dollar value of finished goods and services), it assumes that everything produced is by definition "goods." It does not distinguish between costs and benefits, between productive and destructive activities, or between sustain ...
... By itself the GDP tells very little. Simply a measure of total output (the dollar value of finished goods and services), it assumes that everything produced is by definition "goods." It does not distinguish between costs and benefits, between productive and destructive activities, or between sustain ...
FDI Plays an Important Impetus in Fostering Local Economy in :
... The above empirical result show that there are prominent relations between FDI and the economic growth of Zhejiang, The FDI plays the important impetus steadily to high speed of economy development of Zhejiang. In recently years, Very great change has taken place in the characteristic of the interna ...
... The above empirical result show that there are prominent relations between FDI and the economic growth of Zhejiang, The FDI plays the important impetus steadily to high speed of economy development of Zhejiang. In recently years, Very great change has taken place in the characteristic of the interna ...
PDF
... governments to stimulate the economy during recessions by increasing public expenditure and reducing taxes. The resulting deficits, Keynes argued, should be offset by accumulating surpluses during boom periods. As he observed in a letter in 1937 ‘the boom, not the slump is the time for austerity at ...
... governments to stimulate the economy during recessions by increasing public expenditure and reducing taxes. The resulting deficits, Keynes argued, should be offset by accumulating surpluses during boom periods. As he observed in a letter in 1937 ‘the boom, not the slump is the time for austerity at ...
Mixed Economic Systems - Bellevue Immaculate Conception School
... • It encourages people to take risks, and in doing so, they’ve created better healthcare, education, & welfare programs. • The more entrepreneurs a country has, the higher the country’s GDP will be. ...
... • It encourages people to take risks, and in doing so, they’ve created better healthcare, education, & welfare programs. • The more entrepreneurs a country has, the higher the country’s GDP will be. ...
Engaging with Globalisation: Lessons from Pakistan and Sri Lanka
... turmoil of partition. Run mainly by bureaucracy, the economic performance was modest. While there were several attempts to have a non-military government in both the east and west sections of Pakistan the unstable situation resulted in a military take over in 1958, led by General Ayub Khan, who gove ...
... turmoil of partition. Run mainly by bureaucracy, the economic performance was modest. While there were several attempts to have a non-military government in both the east and west sections of Pakistan the unstable situation resulted in a military take over in 1958, led by General Ayub Khan, who gove ...
- Archive of European Integration
... without the support of French troops and British diplomats, as well as the refusal of Prussia and Austria to side with Czar Nicolas I who was eager to intervene on the side of the Dutch king (Winckler 2009: 516-7). Unlike the Balkan states, Belgium, Germany and Italy could mount a stronger claim to ...
... without the support of French troops and British diplomats, as well as the refusal of Prussia and Austria to side with Czar Nicolas I who was eager to intervene on the side of the Dutch king (Winckler 2009: 516-7). Unlike the Balkan states, Belgium, Germany and Italy could mount a stronger claim to ...
Economic Connectivity - International Peace Institute
... project from the creation of the Eurasian Customs Union in 2010, to the Single Economic Space in 2012, and ending with the Eurasian Economic Union in 2015. “Widening” is reflected in steps to expand the EAEU’s membership. This process is complex and takes time. The energy sector, for example, is sti ...
... project from the creation of the Eurasian Customs Union in 2010, to the Single Economic Space in 2012, and ending with the Eurasian Economic Union in 2015. “Widening” is reflected in steps to expand the EAEU’s membership. This process is complex and takes time. The energy sector, for example, is sti ...
Key Note Address by
... regions of larger states. What we also expect to hear is that being small need not necessarily be a permanent liability. We have seen the emergence of many small states not only enjoying prosperity but also achieving high levels of economic growth over the years by successfully diversifying their ec ...
... regions of larger states. What we also expect to hear is that being small need not necessarily be a permanent liability. We have seen the emergence of many small states not only enjoying prosperity but also achieving high levels of economic growth over the years by successfully diversifying their ec ...
CHAP 9 DEV BLITZKRIEG VOCAB
... A term used to refer to four Asian countries (South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong) who achieved rapid development despite a relative lack of natural resources by concentrating on producing only a few manufactured goods (mostly clothing and electronics). As such they were early adopters of ...
... A term used to refer to four Asian countries (South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong) who achieved rapid development despite a relative lack of natural resources by concentrating on producing only a few manufactured goods (mostly clothing and electronics). As such they were early adopters of ...
T he Romanian Economy from Transition to Crisis. Retrospects and Prospects:
... 3. Main institutional, economic and social factors responsible for the current Romanian economic crisis After years of record economic growth fueled by easy credit and high foreign investment, in late 2008 Romania, like many other East European countries, experienced a sudden reversal of fortune. T ...
... 3. Main institutional, economic and social factors responsible for the current Romanian economic crisis After years of record economic growth fueled by easy credit and high foreign investment, in late 2008 Romania, like many other East European countries, experienced a sudden reversal of fortune. T ...
Trade, Standards and the WTO
... deductive structure that tolerates a contradiction does os under the penalty of being useless since any statement can be derived flawlessly and immediately from that contradiction. In its mathematical form, economic theory is open to an efficient scrutinity for logical errors.” ~ Gérard Debreu (Nobe ...
... deductive structure that tolerates a contradiction does os under the penalty of being useless since any statement can be derived flawlessly and immediately from that contradiction. In its mathematical form, economic theory is open to an efficient scrutinity for logical errors.” ~ Gérard Debreu (Nobe ...
Read More... - Open University of Mauritius
... b. The need for Government intervention in decision making in relation to externalities c. Decision making using cost benefit analysis d. Private goods and public goods and their provision e. Merit and demerit goods and the need for government intervention f. Different ways in which Government can i ...
... b. The need for Government intervention in decision making in relation to externalities c. Decision making using cost benefit analysis d. Private goods and public goods and their provision e. Merit and demerit goods and the need for government intervention f. Different ways in which Government can i ...
IV. The Debate Over Market Socialism
... Finally, in the economy so described by Keynes, resources can remain idle and not be reemployed in alternative uses. The automatic adjustments that classical economics assumed do not come into operation because the economy can get stuck in an unemployment equilibrium. By definition an equilibrium i ...
... Finally, in the economy so described by Keynes, resources can remain idle and not be reemployed in alternative uses. The automatic adjustments that classical economics assumed do not come into operation because the economy can get stuck in an unemployment equilibrium. By definition an equilibrium i ...
1.2 The Business Environment as a Complex Adaptive System
... 2.1 The Globalisation Debate The massive increase in international business activity during the post-war years, coupled with increasing interdependence between the world’s economies, has brought about the use of the term ‘globalisation’. This term is now also used in a wider context to include polit ...
... 2.1 The Globalisation Debate The massive increase in international business activity during the post-war years, coupled with increasing interdependence between the world’s economies, has brought about the use of the term ‘globalisation’. This term is now also used in a wider context to include polit ...
Types and mechanisms of functioning of fiscal policy
... In one of the doctrinal approaches traced dependence “costs – income”. According to him, government expenditures are considered in the light of investment, exports, and procurement at the expense of budget funds. As a result of the outflow of savings and imports there is a falling real consumption o ...
... In one of the doctrinal approaches traced dependence “costs – income”. According to him, government expenditures are considered in the light of investment, exports, and procurement at the expense of budget funds. As a result of the outflow of savings and imports there is a falling real consumption o ...
Does Democracy Promote Economic Openness?
... economic opening are not only compatible, but also mutually reinforcing (Dominguez 1998). In this view, policies that promote the general interest should be encouraged in a system where politicians are responsible to the broader democratic electorate, rather than to a narrow, authoritarian constitue ...
... economic opening are not only compatible, but also mutually reinforcing (Dominguez 1998). In this view, policies that promote the general interest should be encouraged in a system where politicians are responsible to the broader democratic electorate, rather than to a narrow, authoritarian constitue ...