Process analysis of regional ozone formation over the Yangtze River
... Abstract. A high O3 episode was detected in urban Shanghai, a typical city in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in August 2010. The CMAQ integrated process rate method is applied to account for the contribution of different atmospheric processes during the high pollution episode. The analysis sho ...
... Abstract. A high O3 episode was detected in urban Shanghai, a typical city in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in August 2010. The CMAQ integrated process rate method is applied to account for the contribution of different atmospheric processes during the high pollution episode. The analysis sho ...
Ozone decomposition
... et al., 1998). Ozone is explosive in all three physical conditions. Work with ozone concentrations of 0 to 15% can be considered safe (Razumovskii et al., 1983). The danger of ozone explosion is a function of its thermodynamic instability (ΔG°298=–163 kJ.mol–1) and ozone decomposition to diatomic ox ...
... et al., 1998). Ozone is explosive in all three physical conditions. Work with ozone concentrations of 0 to 15% can be considered safe (Razumovskii et al., 1983). The danger of ozone explosion is a function of its thermodynamic instability (ΔG°298=–163 kJ.mol–1) and ozone decomposition to diatomic ox ...
2. The Ozone 35 2. The ozone
... widely used method of ozone generation for water treatment. A classical production line is composed of the following units: gas source (compressors or liquefied gas), dust filters, gas dryers, ozone generators, contacting units, and off gas destruction. It is of utmost importance that a dry process ...
... widely used method of ozone generation for water treatment. A classical production line is composed of the following units: gas source (compressors or liquefied gas), dust filters, gas dryers, ozone generators, contacting units, and off gas destruction. It is of utmost importance that a dry process ...
Control of Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium and Ozone in Gas
... MISON or argon with 0.03% ethene (C2H4). Comparison was made when using these gases in a single shroud system and also results are given for two argon/helium mixtures (H101 and H1) when used with a single shroud. The gases recommended for welding solid stainless steel wires are either low in CO2 (e. ...
... MISON or argon with 0.03% ethene (C2H4). Comparison was made when using these gases in a single shroud system and also results are given for two argon/helium mixtures (H101 and H1) when used with a single shroud. The gases recommended for welding solid stainless steel wires are either low in CO2 (e. ...
Effect of stratosphere-troposphere exchange on the future
... observed ozone evolution. Details of the STOCHEM model used in this study are unchanged from those given by Collins et al. [2002] except where described below. In this model 100 000 air parcels are advected around the globe between the surface and 10 hPa, each carrying the mixing ratios of 70 chemic ...
... observed ozone evolution. Details of the STOCHEM model used in this study are unchanged from those given by Collins et al. [2002] except where described below. In this model 100 000 air parcels are advected around the globe between the surface and 10 hPa, each carrying the mixing ratios of 70 chemic ...
Stoichiometry of Ozonation of Environmentally
... carboxylic acids to form alkoxy-, hydroxy-, and acyloxyhydroperoxides, respectively, and isomerization into carboxylic acids (16). In gas-phase ozonation reactions, carbonyl oxides may also undergo unimolecular decomposition to give OH radicals in fairly high yields (17). It is often assumed that oz ...
... carboxylic acids to form alkoxy-, hydroxy-, and acyloxyhydroperoxides, respectively, and isomerization into carboxylic acids (16). In gas-phase ozonation reactions, carbonyl oxides may also undergo unimolecular decomposition to give OH radicals in fairly high yields (17). It is often assumed that oz ...
environmental science & services - level 1
... the atmosphere is not directly influenced by human activity. However, its concentration is influenced indirectly as any increase in global temperatures will increase concentrations, as warmer air can hold more water. ...
... the atmosphere is not directly influenced by human activity. However, its concentration is influenced indirectly as any increase in global temperatures will increase concentrations, as warmer air can hold more water. ...
AP Environmental Science 2013 Scoring
... (a) Identify the type of solar radiation that is absorbed by stratospheric ozone and describe one human health benefit that results from the absorption of this solar energy. (2 points: 1 point for identifying ultraviolet (UV, UV-B, or UV-C) radiation as the type absorbed by stratospheric ozone and 1 ...
... (a) Identify the type of solar radiation that is absorbed by stratospheric ozone and describe one human health benefit that results from the absorption of this solar energy. (2 points: 1 point for identifying ultraviolet (UV, UV-B, or UV-C) radiation as the type absorbed by stratospheric ozone and 1 ...
O 3
... Incoming solar radiation is short-wavelength Outgoing solar radiation is long-wavelength Any gas with multiple bonds will absorb some long-wavelength radiation and turn it into heat…..greenhouse gas Water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, CFCs ...
... Incoming solar radiation is short-wavelength Outgoing solar radiation is long-wavelength Any gas with multiple bonds will absorb some long-wavelength radiation and turn it into heat…..greenhouse gas Water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, CFCs ...
Study on Oxidation Effect of Ozone on Petroleum
... dosage results in a poor oxidation efficiency; whereas overhigh dosage results in the formation of intermediate products which have adverse effects on the following treatment, and lead to the increase of investment and operation cost. Table 1 indicates that the residual ozone in either water or tail ...
... dosage results in a poor oxidation efficiency; whereas overhigh dosage results in the formation of intermediate products which have adverse effects on the following treatment, and lead to the increase of investment and operation cost. Table 1 indicates that the residual ozone in either water or tail ...
Cobalt 2+ 08-p042
... rate at the outlet of the generator, controlled by regulation of electric current, can be measured by a flowmeter. Ozone was supplied to the bottom of 1 000 mL glass sedimentation reactor, which contained 500 mL of cobalt chloride solution. A replaceable porous glass ring pipe gas diffuser was locat ...
... rate at the outlet of the generator, controlled by regulation of electric current, can be measured by a flowmeter. Ozone was supplied to the bottom of 1 000 mL glass sedimentation reactor, which contained 500 mL of cobalt chloride solution. A replaceable porous glass ring pipe gas diffuser was locat ...
The Atmosphere Atmospheric structure
... • The PBL is the lowest part of the atmosphere – directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface • Responds to changes in surface forcing rapidly (hours) • Quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, moisture show rapid variations (turbulence) and vertical mixing is strong • PBL win ...
... • The PBL is the lowest part of the atmosphere – directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface • Responds to changes in surface forcing rapidly (hours) • Quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, moisture show rapid variations (turbulence) and vertical mixing is strong • PBL win ...
The Atmosphere
... • The PBL is the lowest part of the atmosphere – directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface • Responds to changes in surface forcing rapidly (hours) • Quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, moisture show rapid variations (turbulence) and vertical mixing is strong • PBL win ...
... • The PBL is the lowest part of the atmosphere – directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface • Responds to changes in surface forcing rapidly (hours) • Quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, moisture show rapid variations (turbulence) and vertical mixing is strong • PBL win ...
Atomic and molecular vibrations correspond to excited
... • The PBL is the lowest part of the atmosphere – directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface • Responds to changes in surface forcing rapidly (hours) • Quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, moisture show rapid variations (turbulence) and vertical mixing is strong • PBL winds a ...
... • The PBL is the lowest part of the atmosphere – directly influenced by contact with the planetary surface • Responds to changes in surface forcing rapidly (hours) • Quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, moisture show rapid variations (turbulence) and vertical mixing is strong • PBL winds a ...
Chem13 News - Mattson Creighton
... In 2005 we published an article in the Journal of Chemical Education describing a microscale ozone generator built from a disposable thin-stemmed transfer pipet.2 The generator electrochemically splits water into H2 and O2 with small amounts of O3. Typically, the generator produces about 10 mL/minut ...
... In 2005 we published an article in the Journal of Chemical Education describing a microscale ozone generator built from a disposable thin-stemmed transfer pipet.2 The generator electrochemically splits water into H2 and O2 with small amounts of O3. Typically, the generator produces about 10 mL/minut ...
METO 637
... • As we noted before NO is crucial to the production of ozone, especially in polluted atmospheres. • Two reservoirs for NOX have been identified – nitric acid and peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN). Both of these gases dissociate in the daytime, but are quite significant at night. • There are, in fact, a who ...
... • As we noted before NO is crucial to the production of ozone, especially in polluted atmospheres. • Two reservoirs for NOX have been identified – nitric acid and peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN). Both of these gases dissociate in the daytime, but are quite significant at night. • There are, in fact, a who ...
Ozone Writeup - International Research Institute for Climate and
... cold air and less polar stratospheric clouds, where ozone depletion is promoted. The attributes of the Arctic result in higher column ozone concentrations than in the Antarctic and faster re-supply of ozone. The Antarctic is the topic of ozone debate because: the temperature is generally cooler than ...
... cold air and less polar stratospheric clouds, where ozone depletion is promoted. The attributes of the Arctic result in higher column ozone concentrations than in the Antarctic and faster re-supply of ozone. The Antarctic is the topic of ozone debate because: the temperature is generally cooler than ...
Effects of global warming - Sustainable Product Development at
... atmosphere because it forms a protective layer which filters out potentially harmful rays from the sun. This is known as the ozone layer. ...
... atmosphere because it forms a protective layer which filters out potentially harmful rays from the sun. This is known as the ozone layer. ...
Protecting the Ozone Layer Properties of Ozone Allotropes
... O3 is formed in the troposphere via the reaction of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight. O3 is commonly associated with smog in polluted urban areas. O3 in troposphere is also called bad ozone because it causes respiratory illnesses including asthma. ...
... O3 is formed in the troposphere via the reaction of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight. O3 is commonly associated with smog in polluted urban areas. O3 in troposphere is also called bad ozone because it causes respiratory illnesses including asthma. ...
Document
... 2. ClOx cycle: NOx important for termination of ClOx cycling. A reduction in NOx reduces efficiency of ClO + NO2 + M ClNO3 + M ↑ importance of ClOx-catalysis 3. HOx cycle: When HNO3 eventually returned to NOx will also produce HOx (HNO3 + h NO2 + OH) ↑ importance of HOx-catalysis Overall: gener ...
... 2. ClOx cycle: NOx important for termination of ClOx cycling. A reduction in NOx reduces efficiency of ClO + NO2 + M ClNO3 + M ↑ importance of ClOx-catalysis 3. HOx cycle: When HNO3 eventually returned to NOx will also produce HOx (HNO3 + h NO2 + OH) ↑ importance of HOx-catalysis Overall: gener ...
Computational Study of protonation of ozone
... Ozone is widely used in different industries, medicine and life [1, 2].We have conducted laboratory studies on cleaning of heavy sewage of petrochemical plants, are currently being fired by recycling. When this was done the technical and economic assessment of energy costs on the disposal. Was shown ...
... Ozone is widely used in different industries, medicine and life [1, 2].We have conducted laboratory studies on cleaning of heavy sewage of petrochemical plants, are currently being fired by recycling. When this was done the technical and economic assessment of energy costs on the disposal. Was shown ...
Organization of unit 2
... A possible cause of the holes is a group of chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs are used in automobile air conditioners, in some aerosol sprays, in refrigerators and foam packaging for fast-food containers. CFCs enter the atmosphere when these products are made and used. In the upper a ...
... A possible cause of the holes is a group of chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs are used in automobile air conditioners, in some aerosol sprays, in refrigerators and foam packaging for fast-food containers. CFCs enter the atmosphere when these products are made and used. In the upper a ...
Atmospheric change
... continue to accumulate or are persistent: the problem is dynamic not static ...
... continue to accumulate or are persistent: the problem is dynamic not static ...
THE OZONE LAYER
... consisting of oxygen atoms. Ozone gas can be created or destroyed by the sun’s UltraViolet rays as shown in the picture to the right. ...
... consisting of oxygen atoms. Ozone gas can be created or destroyed by the sun’s UltraViolet rays as shown in the picture to the right. ...
Ozone
Ozone /ˈoʊzoʊn/ (systematically named 1λ1,3λ1-trioxidane and catena-trioxygen), or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O3. It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope O2, breaking down in the lower atmosphere to normal dioxygen. Ozone is formed from dioxygen by the action of ultraviolet light and also atmospheric electrical discharges, and is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth's atmosphere(stratosphere). In total, ozone makes up only 6993600000000000000♠0.6 ppm of the atmosphere.Ozone's odour is sharp, reminiscent of chlorine, and detectable by many people at concentrations of as little as 6992100000000000000♠10 ppb in air. Ozone's O3 formula was determined in 1865. The molecule was later proven to have a bent structure and to be diamagnetic. In standard conditions, ozone is a pale blue gas that condenses at progressively cryogenic temperatures to a dark blue liquid and finally a violet-black solid. Ozone's instability with regard to more common dioxygen is such that both concentrated gas and liquid ozone may decompose explosively.It is therefore used commercially only in low concentrations.Ozone is a powerful oxidant (far more so than dioxygen) and has many industrial and consumer applications related to oxidation. This same high oxidising potential, however, causes ozone to damage mucous and respiratory tissues in animals, and also tissues in plants, above concentrations of about 6993100000000000000♠100 ppb. This makes ozone a potent respiratory hazard and pollutant near ground level. However, the ozone layer (a portion of the stratosphere with a higher concentration of ozone, from two to eight ppm) is beneficial, preventing damaging ultraviolet light from reaching the Earth's surface, to the benefit of both plants and animals.