Vacuum superconductivity, conventional
... Recently, we have suggested that the vacuum in a sufficiently strong magnetic field background may undergo a spontaneous transition to an electromagnetically superconducting phase1,2 . This unusual effect emerges due to an interplay between strong (gluon-mediated) forces and electromagnetic (photon- ...
... Recently, we have suggested that the vacuum in a sufficiently strong magnetic field background may undergo a spontaneous transition to an electromagnetically superconducting phase1,2 . This unusual effect emerges due to an interplay between strong (gluon-mediated) forces and electromagnetic (photon- ...
Lecture 2 - Purdue Physics
... Example - Forces between Electrons What is relative strength of the electric force compared with the force of gravity for two electrons? ...
... Example - Forces between Electrons What is relative strength of the electric force compared with the force of gravity for two electrons? ...
Sci-Fi Helper - Parallel Universes
... Why is it believed that parallel universes exist? How could you go into a parallel universe? Has anyone ever gone into a parallel universe? Is there any proof of parallel universes? What are the advantages of going into a parallel universe? Which TV series have exploited parallel universes? Star Tre ...
... Why is it believed that parallel universes exist? How could you go into a parallel universe? Has anyone ever gone into a parallel universe? Is there any proof of parallel universes? What are the advantages of going into a parallel universe? Which TV series have exploited parallel universes? Star Tre ...
Solutions to Problems
... be negative. Other than that, the solution method is the same as for part (a). ...
... be negative. Other than that, the solution method is the same as for part (a). ...
E = ~~! Ek exp {ik (z cos 6 + x sin 6)- iwAt}
... The absorption of electromagnetic waves propagating at an arbitrary angle with respect to a fixed magnetic field in a plasma is analyzed by means of the quasilinear theory. We take account of the interaction between particles and waves that leads to a redistribution of the particles in velocity, cau ...
... The absorption of electromagnetic waves propagating at an arbitrary angle with respect to a fixed magnetic field in a plasma is analyzed by means of the quasilinear theory. We take account of the interaction between particles and waves that leads to a redistribution of the particles in velocity, cau ...
Expectation values of descendent fields in the Bullough
... cancelled if we add specific counterterms which contain spinless local fields with cutt-off dependent coefficients. For 0 < β 2 < 1 the perturbation becomes relevant and a finite number of lower scale dimension couterterms are then sufficient. However, this procedure is regularization scheme depende ...
... cancelled if we add specific counterterms which contain spinless local fields with cutt-off dependent coefficients. For 0 < β 2 < 1 the perturbation becomes relevant and a finite number of lower scale dimension couterterms are then sufficient. However, this procedure is regularization scheme depende ...
Concept review
... When the fly hit the truck, it exerted a force on the truck (only for a fraction of a second). So, in this time period, the truck accelerated (backwards) up to some speed. After the fly was squashed, it no longer exerted a force, and the truck simply continued moving at constant speed. Follow-up: Wh ...
... When the fly hit the truck, it exerted a force on the truck (only for a fraction of a second). So, in this time period, the truck accelerated (backwards) up to some speed. After the fly was squashed, it no longer exerted a force, and the truck simply continued moving at constant speed. Follow-up: Wh ...
newton`s third law of motion—action and reaction
... If we extend the basic idea of a cannon recoiling from the cannonball it launches, we can understand rocket propulsion. Consider air escaping from an untied, blown-up balloon. If the balloon is released and allowed to move as shown in Figure 7.8, it accelerates as the air comes out. A rocket accele ...
... If we extend the basic idea of a cannon recoiling from the cannonball it launches, we can understand rocket propulsion. Consider air escaping from an untied, blown-up balloon. If the balloon is released and allowed to move as shown in Figure 7.8, it accelerates as the air comes out. A rocket accele ...
Fundamental interaction
Fundamental interactions, also known as fundamental forces, are the interactions in physical systems that don't appear to be reducible to more basic interactions. There are four conventionally accepted fundamental interactions—gravitational, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear. Each one is understood as the dynamics of a field. The gravitational force is modeled as a continuous classical field. The other three are each modeled as discrete quantum fields, and exhibit a measurable unit or elementary particle.Gravitation and electromagnetism act over a potentially infinite distance across the universe. They mediate macroscopic phenomena every day. The other two fields act over minuscule, subatomic distances. The strong nuclear interaction is responsible for the binding of atomic nuclei. The weak nuclear interaction also acts on the nucleus, mediating radioactive decay.Theoretical physicists working beyond the Standard Model seek to quantize the gravitational field toward predictions that particle physicists can experimentally confirm, thus yielding acceptance to a theory of quantum gravity (QG). (Phenomena suitable to model as a fifth force—perhaps an added gravitational effect—remain widely disputed). Other theorists seek to unite the electroweak and strong fields within a Grand Unified Theory (GUT). While all four fundamental interactions are widely thought to align at an extremely minuscule scale, particle accelerators cannot produce the massive energy levels required to experimentally probe at that Planck scale (which would experimentally confirm such theories). Yet some theories, such as the string theory, seek both QG and GUT within one framework, unifying all four fundamental interactions along with mass generation within a theory of everything (ToE).