SECTION7.2 Using the Law of Universal Gravitation
... • The equations for speed and period of a satellite can be used for any object in orbit about another. Central body mass will replace mE, and r will be the distance between the centers of the orbiting body and the central body. • If the mass of the central body is much greater than the mass of the o ...
... • The equations for speed and period of a satellite can be used for any object in orbit about another. Central body mass will replace mE, and r will be the distance between the centers of the orbiting body and the central body. • If the mass of the central body is much greater than the mass of the o ...
Chapter 15 Slide
... If there were an electric field inside the conductor, the free charge there would move and there would be a flow of charge If there were a movement of charge, the conductor would not be in equilibrium ...
... If there were an electric field inside the conductor, the free charge there would move and there would be a flow of charge If there were a movement of charge, the conductor would not be in equilibrium ...
Newton's Second Law of Motion
... 4.5 Newton’s Third Law of Motion Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on the first body. For every action, there is an equal, opposite reaction. This is another way to state Newton's 3rd Law. It is important to rem ...
... 4.5 Newton’s Third Law of Motion Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on the first body. For every action, there is an equal, opposite reaction. This is another way to state Newton's 3rd Law. It is important to rem ...
Fundamental interaction
Fundamental interactions, also known as fundamental forces, are the interactions in physical systems that don't appear to be reducible to more basic interactions. There are four conventionally accepted fundamental interactions—gravitational, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear. Each one is understood as the dynamics of a field. The gravitational force is modeled as a continuous classical field. The other three are each modeled as discrete quantum fields, and exhibit a measurable unit or elementary particle.Gravitation and electromagnetism act over a potentially infinite distance across the universe. They mediate macroscopic phenomena every day. The other two fields act over minuscule, subatomic distances. The strong nuclear interaction is responsible for the binding of atomic nuclei. The weak nuclear interaction also acts on the nucleus, mediating radioactive decay.Theoretical physicists working beyond the Standard Model seek to quantize the gravitational field toward predictions that particle physicists can experimentally confirm, thus yielding acceptance to a theory of quantum gravity (QG). (Phenomena suitable to model as a fifth force—perhaps an added gravitational effect—remain widely disputed). Other theorists seek to unite the electroweak and strong fields within a Grand Unified Theory (GUT). While all four fundamental interactions are widely thought to align at an extremely minuscule scale, particle accelerators cannot produce the massive energy levels required to experimentally probe at that Planck scale (which would experimentally confirm such theories). Yet some theories, such as the string theory, seek both QG and GUT within one framework, unifying all four fundamental interactions along with mass generation within a theory of everything (ToE).