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The death of electric current
The death of electric current

... may be childish notions, appropriate to the infancy of science; but still electric charges are easily imaginable to be quantities of a something, though not matter, which can be carried about from place to place. In the most natural manner possible, when dynamic electricity came under investigation, ...
direction of magnetic field
direction of magnetic field

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Lecture: P1_Wk1_L6 The Most General Inter

... another depends strongly on the frequency of the fluctuations in electron density - two transiently induced dipoles will attract each other only if their frequencies nearly match (are equal or multiples of one another). Quantities that vary with frequency are said to exhibit dispersion – hence the n ...
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Question paper

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B - Winnetonka AP Physics I

Physics • Edexcel GCE
Physics • Edexcel GCE

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PPT

... Electrons are weakly attracted by the image charge ( = 1.057 for LHe); the 1-D image potential along z is: -∑/z , where ∑ = (-1)e2/4(+1) They are prevented from penetrating helium surface by a high (~ 1eV) barrier. Bound states in this potential in 1-D look like hydrogen: En = −R/n2 (n = 1, 2, . ...
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Lecture 3 : Atoms and the Atomic Theory Early Chemical

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Physics 10-02 Magnetic Fields and Force on a Moving Charge

... field at an altitude where field strength is 1.00 × 10−5 T. What is the radius of the circular path the electron follows? (OpenStax 22.12) 4.27 m 17. A proton moves at 7.50 × 107 m/s perpendicular to a magnetic field. The field causes the proton to travel in a circular path of radius 0.800 m. What i ...
Determining Krypton Concentration is Xenon
Determining Krypton Concentration is Xenon

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POTENTIAL ENERGY and FIELDS

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... The sciences of electricity and magnetism developed separately for centuries – until 1820 when Oersted found an electric current in a wire can deflect a magnetic compass needle. The new science of electromagnetism (the combination of electrical and magnetic phenomena) was developed further by resear ...
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Monday, September 24, 2007

... body will be rigidly maintained as long as the external causes of retardation are removed!! Galileo’s statement is formulated by Newton into the 1st law of motion (Law of Inertia): In the absence of external forces, an object at rest remains at rest and ...
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Electric Shielding and the Electric Field

... Electric Shielding and the Electric Field Speaking of induction, we discussed a simple experiment with the ball on the silk thread and the charged rod. We saw that they affected each other at a distance. A similar effect is produced by magnets. We call the region of influence of magnetic forces surr ...
Electric Shielding and the Electric Field
Electric Shielding and the Electric Field

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Newton’s Laws of Motion

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Electric field lines in the space surrounding a charge distribution

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... In other cases forces arise between bodies that are separated from one another. Electric, magnetic and gravitational effects involve such action-at-a-distance forces and to deal with them physicists find the idea of a field of force, or simply a field, useful. ...
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Dynamicsrev
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... Formula: Fs = -kx Fs = elastic force k = spring constant – unit : N/m ...
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Fundamental interaction



Fundamental interactions, also known as fundamental forces, are the interactions in physical systems that don't appear to be reducible to more basic interactions. There are four conventionally accepted fundamental interactions—gravitational, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear. Each one is understood as the dynamics of a field. The gravitational force is modeled as a continuous classical field. The other three are each modeled as discrete quantum fields, and exhibit a measurable unit or elementary particle.Gravitation and electromagnetism act over a potentially infinite distance across the universe. They mediate macroscopic phenomena every day. The other two fields act over minuscule, subatomic distances. The strong nuclear interaction is responsible for the binding of atomic nuclei. The weak nuclear interaction also acts on the nucleus, mediating radioactive decay.Theoretical physicists working beyond the Standard Model seek to quantize the gravitational field toward predictions that particle physicists can experimentally confirm, thus yielding acceptance to a theory of quantum gravity (QG). (Phenomena suitable to model as a fifth force—perhaps an added gravitational effect—remain widely disputed). Other theorists seek to unite the electroweak and strong fields within a Grand Unified Theory (GUT). While all four fundamental interactions are widely thought to align at an extremely minuscule scale, particle accelerators cannot produce the massive energy levels required to experimentally probe at that Planck scale (which would experimentally confirm such theories). Yet some theories, such as the string theory, seek both QG and GUT within one framework, unifying all four fundamental interactions along with mass generation within a theory of everything (ToE).
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