The Idealism of Mary Whiton Calkins
... idealism that were inspired by the metaphysics of Kant, Hegel, and other thinkers in the tradition of German Idealism that followed in their wake. This hegemony lasted until these thinkers were overthrown by proponents of a new analytic philosophy led by Bertrand Russell and G.E. Moore. I am not int ...
... idealism that were inspired by the metaphysics of Kant, Hegel, and other thinkers in the tradition of German Idealism that followed in their wake. This hegemony lasted until these thinkers were overthrown by proponents of a new analytic philosophy led by Bertrand Russell and G.E. Moore. I am not int ...
KANT`S RESPONSE TO SKEPTICISM
... such as Straw son, see themselves as leaving Kant behind in taking up this approach. Straw son’sposition is in the end more Hume an than Kantian,14 where the suggestion is that because the transcendental argument shows that we will find it impossible to give up certain beliefs insofar as they are ne ...
... such as Straw son, see themselves as leaving Kant behind in taking up this approach. Straw son’sposition is in the end more Hume an than Kantian,14 where the suggestion is that because the transcendental argument shows that we will find it impossible to give up certain beliefs insofar as they are ne ...
Free Spirits: Idealism and Perfectionism
... of all three of them. Secondly, I will focus on the tension between idealism and pragmatism and the way in which it is affecting the ethics of the free spirit. Roughly speaking, the free spirit is characterized by his or her ability to think for him – or herself – an autonomy which also constitutes ...
... of all three of them. Secondly, I will focus on the tension between idealism and pragmatism and the way in which it is affecting the ethics of the free spirit. Roughly speaking, the free spirit is characterized by his or her ability to think for him – or herself – an autonomy which also constitutes ...
Greater Reality Achieved Through Consciousness
... postulation of “innerness” or mentality in everything has the air of an arbitrary assertion, motivated by theoretical needs rather than by what we observe in less complex entities like atoms and rocks. And the second weakness (Skrbina calls it the “combination” problem) is that panpsychism has troub ...
... postulation of “innerness” or mentality in everything has the air of an arbitrary assertion, motivated by theoretical needs rather than by what we observe in less complex entities like atoms and rocks. And the second weakness (Skrbina calls it the “combination” problem) is that panpsychism has troub ...
Slide 1
... Hume: “It is a question of fact whether the perceptions of the senses be produced by external objects resembling them: How shall this question be determined? By experience surely; as all other questions of a like nature. But here experience is, and must be entirely silent. The mind has never any thi ...
... Hume: “It is a question of fact whether the perceptions of the senses be produced by external objects resembling them: How shall this question be determined? By experience surely; as all other questions of a like nature. But here experience is, and must be entirely silent. The mind has never any thi ...
x - unbc
... but Berkeley said that God’s perception, rather than matter, is the basis of existence of the apple: God perceives it; therefore it exists – but it does not exist as a material thing ...
... but Berkeley said that God’s perception, rather than matter, is the basis of existence of the apple: God perceives it; therefore it exists – but it does not exist as a material thing ...
Intro to Metaphysics
... the universe absurd or rational? Why is there stuff at all? Was the universe created? Is there a god or gods?) ...
... the universe absurd or rational? Why is there stuff at all? Was the universe created? Is there a god or gods?) ...
Idealism
In philosophy, idealism is the group of philosophies which assert that reality, or reality as we can know it, is fundamentally mental, mentally constructed, or otherwise immaterial. Epistemologically, idealism manifests as a skepticism about the possibility of knowing any mind-independent thing. In a sociological sense, idealism emphasizes how human ideas—especially beliefs and values—shape society. As an ontological doctrine, idealism goes further, asserting that all entities are composed of mind or spirit. Idealism thus rejects physicalist and dualist theories that fail to ascribe priority to the mind.The earliest extant arguments that the world of experience is grounded in the mental derive from India and Greece. The Hindu idealists in India and the Greek Neoplatonists gave panentheistic arguments for an all-pervading consciousness as the ground or true nature of reality. In contrast, the Yogācāra school, which arose within Mahayana Buddhism in India in the 4th century CE, based its ""mind-only"" idealism to a greater extent on phenomenological analyses of personal experience. This turn toward the subjective anticipated empiricists such as George Berkeley, who revived idealism in 18th-century Europe by employing skeptical arguments against materialism.Beginning with Immanuel Kant, German idealists such as G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, and Arthur Schopenhauer dominated 19th-century philosophy. This tradition, which emphasized the mental or ""ideal"" character of all phenomena, gave birth to idealistic and subjectivist schools ranging from British idealism to phenomenalism to existentialism. The historical influence of this branch of idealism remains central even to the schools that rejected its metaphysical assumptions, such as Marxism, pragmatism and positivism.