金茂大厦 jin mao tower
... trusses would attract forces MEGACOLUMN so great that they could be ripped apart. To counteract these forces, the engineers introduced pins into the trusses to allow rotation during construction. They did not bolt the connections until after the structure was completely built. After the bolts were i ...
... trusses would attract forces MEGACOLUMN so great that they could be ripped apart. To counteract these forces, the engineers introduced pins into the trusses to allow rotation during construction. They did not bolt the connections until after the structure was completely built. After the bolts were i ...
The Central Tower Building 1424 4 Street Santa Monica, California
... Central Tower Building, “the first skyscraper in Santa Monica,” was held on September 26, 1929 with a performance by the Santa Monica municipal band and floodlights positioned on the building.7 It was estimated that five to ten thousand people would view and participate in the open house. The Santa ...
... Central Tower Building, “the first skyscraper in Santa Monica,” was held on September 26, 1929 with a performance by the Santa Monica municipal band and floodlights positioned on the building.7 It was estimated that five to ten thousand people would view and participate in the open house. The Santa ...
the hows, whats and wows of the willis tower
... ground level, special kitchens were created to feed them on two floors part way up. They endured temperatures up to 20 degrees colder at the top than at ground level. Practically the only thing that could stop construction was the wind, which blew so hard at the highest points that the workers could ...
... ground level, special kitchens were created to feed them on two floors part way up. They endured temperatures up to 20 degrees colder at the top than at ground level. Practically the only thing that could stop construction was the wind, which blew so hard at the highest points that the workers could ...
Engineering the World`s Tallest - Burj Dubai
... structure wind tunnel tests were undertaken early in the design using the high-frequency-force-balance technique. The wind tunnel data were then combined with the dynamic properties of the tower in order to compute the tower’s dynamic response and the overall effective wind force distributions at fu ...
... structure wind tunnel tests were undertaken early in the design using the high-frequency-force-balance technique. The wind tunnel data were then combined with the dynamic properties of the tower in order to compute the tower’s dynamic response and the overall effective wind force distributions at fu ...
Engineering the World`s Tallest - ctbuh
... become dominant factors in the structural design. An extensive program of wind tunnel tests and other studies were undertaken under the direction of Dr. Peter Irwin of Rowan Williams Davies and Irwin Inc.’s (RWDI) boundary layer wind tunnels in Guelph, Ontario (Figure 14). The wind tunnel program in ...
... become dominant factors in the structural design. An extensive program of wind tunnel tests and other studies were undertaken under the direction of Dr. Peter Irwin of Rowan Williams Davies and Irwin Inc.’s (RWDI) boundary layer wind tunnels in Guelph, Ontario (Figure 14). The wind tunnel program in ...
Engineering the World`s Tallest – Burj Dubai
... loading and foundation settlement were accounted for by analyzing 15 separate threedimensional finite-element analysis models, each representing a discrete time during model, only the incremental loads occurring in that particular time-step were applied. Additional time steps, after construction, we ...
... loading and foundation settlement were accounted for by analyzing 15 separate threedimensional finite-element analysis models, each representing a discrete time during model, only the incremental loads occurring in that particular time-step were applied. Additional time steps, after construction, we ...
Toward an Eco-cultural Water Tower and Landbridge for Madison`s
... species/populations, Table 6) of 20 wildlife crossings on the Trans-Canada Highway in Banff ...
... species/populations, Table 6) of 20 wildlife crossings on the Trans-Canada Highway in Banff ...
Design and Construction Planning of the Burj
... Therefore, concrete of its mass, stiffness, high strength and performance concrete, moldability, continuity, pumping ability, speed of construction because of the local availability of advanced formwork systems, and most importantly the residential use of the building, concrete was selected as the p ...
... Therefore, concrete of its mass, stiffness, high strength and performance concrete, moldability, continuity, pumping ability, speed of construction because of the local availability of advanced formwork systems, and most importantly the residential use of the building, concrete was selected as the p ...
Cleveland State University, Rhodes Tower
... of Cleveland State University is the second-tallest educationalpurposed building in the United States. The 500,000-squarefoot steel skyscraper in downtown Cleveland, Ohio houses the university’s four-floor main library, academic offices and the mechanical room. Situated right off Lake Erie, Rhodes T ...
... of Cleveland State University is the second-tallest educationalpurposed building in the United States. The 500,000-squarefoot steel skyscraper in downtown Cleveland, Ohio houses the university’s four-floor main library, academic offices and the mechanical room. Situated right off Lake Erie, Rhodes T ...
The Design and Construction of the World`s Tallest Building: The
... loads, while also facilitating construction and enhancing building function. This paper will focus on the challenges faced by the design team, as well as the lessons learned during the design and construction phases, and how they can be applied to the next generation of supertall buildings. Keywords ...
... loads, while also facilitating construction and enhancing building function. This paper will focus on the challenges faced by the design team, as well as the lessons learned during the design and construction phases, and how they can be applied to the next generation of supertall buildings. Keywords ...
Washington Mutual Tower Seattle Washington
... atrium level, eventually arriving at the outdoor plaza on the west side of the building. The historic 1910-vintage Brooklyn Building, with its Romanesque arches, is incorporated into this base structure and frames one side of the plaza. The tower itself was placed six feet south of center to allow t ...
... atrium level, eventually arriving at the outdoor plaza on the west side of the building. The historic 1910-vintage Brooklyn Building, with its Romanesque arches, is incorporated into this base structure and frames one side of the plaza. The tower itself was placed six feet south of center to allow t ...
Tower Building - the Arkansas Historic Preservation Program
... construction, which means it was built using a structural steel frame joined together with concrete (both pre-formed concrete and concrete block). This system strengthened the building’s skeleton and allowed it to have thin outer curtain walls filled with glass (because the glass was not structural, ...
... construction, which means it was built using a structural steel frame joined together with concrete (both pre-formed concrete and concrete block). This system strengthened the building’s skeleton and allowed it to have thin outer curtain walls filled with glass (because the glass was not structural, ...
Eiffel Tower
The Eiffel Tower (/ˈaɪfəl ˈtaʊər/ EYE-fəl TOWR; French: tour Eiffel [tuʁ‿ɛfɛl] About this sound listen) is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It was named after the engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. Erected in 1889 as the entrance arch to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but has become both a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world. The tower is the tallest structure in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.98 million people ascended it in 2011. The tower received its 250 millionth visitor in 2010.The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building. Its base is square, 125 metres (410 ft) on a side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to assume the title of the tallest man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years, until the Chrysler Building in New York City was built in 1930. Because of the addition of the aerial atop the Eiffel Tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Not including broadcast aerials, it is the second-tallest structure in France, after the Millau Viaduct.The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second. The third level observatory's upper platform is 276 m (906 ft) above the ground, the highest accessible to the public in the European Union. Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift (elevator) to the first and second levels. The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the walk from the first to the second level. Although there are stairs to the third and highest level, these are usually closed to the public and it is generally only accessible by lift.