Basics in transthoracic echocardiography and standard documentation
... comparison to other ultrasound machines, the orientation of sectional scan planes in relation to the coordinates of the axis of the left ventricle and the necessity of cardiologists to analyse the two-dimensional and colour-coded cineloops as well as the Doppler spectra to measure and calculate mult ...
... comparison to other ultrasound machines, the orientation of sectional scan planes in relation to the coordinates of the axis of the left ventricle and the necessity of cardiologists to analyse the two-dimensional and colour-coded cineloops as well as the Doppler spectra to measure and calculate mult ...
Purkinje fibers of the Heart Conduction System
... Czech by Professors Borovanský and Weigner in 1937 (3). Having gone through the available literature I have not found an accurate and self-contained Czech translation of this paper, so I shall take the liberty of presenting the English (Czech) translation here. The English (Czech) translation of the ...
... Czech by Professors Borovanský and Weigner in 1937 (3). Having gone through the available literature I have not found an accurate and self-contained Czech translation of this paper, so I shall take the liberty of presenting the English (Czech) translation here. The English (Czech) translation of the ...
Situs Inversus Totalis- A Case Report Abstract Introduction Case
... transposition of all viscera with right sided heart (dextrocardia) in a mirror image form. The term Situs Inversus is of Latin origin meaning inverted position of the internal organs. Generally individuals With Situs Inversus Totalis are asymptomatic and have a normal life expectancy. Many people wi ...
... transposition of all viscera with right sided heart (dextrocardia) in a mirror image form. The term Situs Inversus is of Latin origin meaning inverted position of the internal organs. Generally individuals With Situs Inversus Totalis are asymptomatic and have a normal life expectancy. Many people wi ...
Experimental and theoretical ventricular electrograms - AJP
... rat LV that is assumed to be in a perfusion medium or bath (a passive and isotropic conductor). The size of this ventricular tissue was chosen to be ⬃4 mm (endo- to epicardium) by 12 mm (apex to base). As shown in Fig. 1B, both endocardium and epicardium surfaces interface with a 4 ⫻ 12-mm bath, yie ...
... rat LV that is assumed to be in a perfusion medium or bath (a passive and isotropic conductor). The size of this ventricular tissue was chosen to be ⬃4 mm (endo- to epicardium) by 12 mm (apex to base). As shown in Fig. 1B, both endocardium and epicardium surfaces interface with a 4 ⫻ 12-mm bath, yie ...
Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac - Af
... Pacing for heart failure can be applied either by biventricular pacing or, in selected cases, by left ventricular pacing alone. The following recommendations consider cardiac pacing for heart failure delivered through biventricular pacing, since this mode is supported by the greatest body of evidenc ...
... Pacing for heart failure can be applied either by biventricular pacing or, in selected cases, by left ventricular pacing alone. The following recommendations consider cardiac pacing for heart failure delivered through biventricular pacing, since this mode is supported by the greatest body of evidenc ...
Management of Chronic Heart Failure
... may delay disease progression and improve survival. After the initial diagnosis and implementation of standard medical therapy, outpatient management of heart failure focuses on stabilising the patient. Patient education, which includes promotion of compliance and smoking cessation among others, may ...
... may delay disease progression and improve survival. After the initial diagnosis and implementation of standard medical therapy, outpatient management of heart failure focuses on stabilising the patient. Patient education, which includes promotion of compliance and smoking cessation among others, may ...
Parasympathetic control of the heart. I. An interventriculo
... japplphysiol.00620.2003.—The locations, projections, and functions of the intracardiac ganglia are incompletely understood. Immunocytochemical labeling with the general neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was used to determine the distribution of intracardiac neurons throughout the ca ...
... japplphysiol.00620.2003.—The locations, projections, and functions of the intracardiac ganglia are incompletely understood. Immunocytochemical labeling with the general neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was used to determine the distribution of intracardiac neurons throughout the ca ...
Systolic and Diastolic Myocardial Mechanics in Patients with
... Background: There are few data on the impact of left ventricular (LV) filling pressure on systolic and diastolic myocardial mechanics in patients with cardiac disease and preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ($50%). Methods: Patients referred for cardiac catheterization underwent comprehensive echo ...
... Background: There are few data on the impact of left ventricular (LV) filling pressure on systolic and diastolic myocardial mechanics in patients with cardiac disease and preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ($50%). Methods: Patients referred for cardiac catheterization underwent comprehensive echo ...
8. Action Potential
... Na channels in each imaginary patch of membrane. There must be enough Na channels to supply enough current to depolarize the next bit of membrane to threshold. This is key to understanding action potential conduction. It turns out that axons have more than enough Na channels to do the job; their saf ...
... Na channels in each imaginary patch of membrane. There must be enough Na channels to supply enough current to depolarize the next bit of membrane to threshold. This is key to understanding action potential conduction. It turns out that axons have more than enough Na channels to do the job; their saf ...
Case Report Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and Canalith
... with takotsubo cardiomyopathy is quite favorable (Sealove et al, 2008). However, reported in-hospital mortality rates range from 0 to 8% (Bybee et al, 2004b). The most frequently reported complication is left-sided heart failure with or without pulmonary edema (Bybee et al, 2004b). Infrequently repo ...
... with takotsubo cardiomyopathy is quite favorable (Sealove et al, 2008). However, reported in-hospital mortality rates range from 0 to 8% (Bybee et al, 2004b). The most frequently reported complication is left-sided heart failure with or without pulmonary edema (Bybee et al, 2004b). Infrequently repo ...
“Double Density” of left atrial enlargement When the LA enlarges, it
... Even though we are on the right side of the heart, we can see left atrial enlargement. Normally the left atrium sits right in the middle of the heart posteriorly and does not form a normal border on the frontal film. ...
... Even though we are on the right side of the heart, we can see left atrial enlargement. Normally the left atrium sits right in the middle of the heart posteriorly and does not form a normal border on the frontal film. ...
Emerging mechanisms of T-tubule remodelling in heart failure
... central axis, which they concluded to be too fast to be mediated by simple chemical diffusion.14 This work led to their hypothesis that a special membrane structure continuous with surface sarcolemma must be involved in relaying the signal to the SR, which we now define as E– C coupling. Since these ...
... central axis, which they concluded to be too fast to be mediated by simple chemical diffusion.14 This work led to their hypothesis that a special membrane structure continuous with surface sarcolemma must be involved in relaying the signal to the SR, which we now define as E– C coupling. Since these ...
Large Pericardial Effusion : A Clinical Dilemma!
... become the gold standard for the sub classification of amyloid deposits.The presence of amyloid in tissue is not always readily apparent, and pathologists frequently do not recognize it on examination of sections routinely stained with hematoxylin and eosin.4,5The results of the rectal-pad biopsy he ...
... become the gold standard for the sub classification of amyloid deposits.The presence of amyloid in tissue is not always readily apparent, and pathologists frequently do not recognize it on examination of sections routinely stained with hematoxylin and eosin.4,5The results of the rectal-pad biopsy he ...
33592-Review - F6 Publishing Home
... myocardial infarction. Alternatively called Stress Cardiomyopathy, physical or emotional triggers are identified in only three fourths of TC patients. Long considered a benign condition, recent findings suggest poor short term prognosis similar to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Despite the widely re ...
... myocardial infarction. Alternatively called Stress Cardiomyopathy, physical or emotional triggers are identified in only three fourths of TC patients. Long considered a benign condition, recent findings suggest poor short term prognosis similar to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Despite the widely re ...
Myocarditis in Infants and Children
... • Process characterized by inflammatory infiltrate of the myocardium with necrosis and/or degeneration of adjacent myocytes not typical of the ischemic damage associated with coronary artery disease ...
... • Process characterized by inflammatory infiltrate of the myocardium with necrosis and/or degeneration of adjacent myocytes not typical of the ischemic damage associated with coronary artery disease ...
Left ventricular regional wall curvedness and wall stress in patients
... the acquisition of the oblique long-axis plane of the LV, which is orthogonal to the short-axis plane and passes through the mitral valve, apex, and aortic valve. In addition, the corresponding vertical longaxis planes (connecting the short-axis plane images) were acquired. TrueFISP (fast imaging wi ...
... the acquisition of the oblique long-axis plane of the LV, which is orthogonal to the short-axis plane and passes through the mitral valve, apex, and aortic valve. In addition, the corresponding vertical longaxis planes (connecting the short-axis plane images) were acquired. TrueFISP (fast imaging wi ...
Epicardial cyst- a case report
... The first successful removal of an epicardial cyst is reported. Evidence is presented to demonstrate that the cyst developed as a result of an abnormality occurring within the first five weeks of fetal life. Pericardial cysts are well recognized, comprising 7 % of all mediastinal tumours (Nelson, Sh ...
... The first successful removal of an epicardial cyst is reported. Evidence is presented to demonstrate that the cyst developed as a result of an abnormality occurring within the first five weeks of fetal life. Pericardial cysts are well recognized, comprising 7 % of all mediastinal tumours (Nelson, Sh ...
The Role Of Renin Angiotensin System In Atrial Fibrillation
... Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia and affects 1% of the North American population. The prevalence of AF increases to 8-10% in people older than 80 years.1-4 AF independently increases the risk of heart failure, stroke, dementia and mortality. There is also ...
... Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia and affects 1% of the North American population. The prevalence of AF increases to 8-10% in people older than 80 years.1-4 AF independently increases the risk of heart failure, stroke, dementia and mortality. There is also ...
7 Adult Advanced Life Support
... Experimental studies show that relatively short interruptions in chest compression to deliver rescue breaths or perform rhythm analysis are associated with reduced survival.132 Interruptions in chest compression also reduce the chances of converting VF to another rhythm.133 The interruptions to CPR ...
... Experimental studies show that relatively short interruptions in chest compression to deliver rescue breaths or perform rhythm analysis are associated with reduced survival.132 Interruptions in chest compression also reduce the chances of converting VF to another rhythm.133 The interruptions to CPR ...
Researches on the struture and function of the mammalian heart.
... vessels of various sizes. The sheets or bundles composed of such networks are arranged in a complex manner both in auricle and ventricle'. Plain muscular fibres are frequently found under the endocardium and similar fibres are said to spread from the endocardium into the auriculoventricular valves. ...
... vessels of various sizes. The sheets or bundles composed of such networks are arranged in a complex manner both in auricle and ventricle'. Plain muscular fibres are frequently found under the endocardium and similar fibres are said to spread from the endocardium into the auriculoventricular valves. ...
Persistent left superior vena cava with an absent right superior vena
... taken into consideration. In the presented case, a direct venogram was implemented with 2 venous lines placed into both forearms. This allows the exclusion of all venous connections that may not be detected with only 1 side contrast injection. A persistent LSVC may be also suspected during other tes ...
... taken into consideration. In the presented case, a direct venogram was implemented with 2 venous lines placed into both forearms. This allows the exclusion of all venous connections that may not be detected with only 1 side contrast injection. A persistent LSVC may be also suspected during other tes ...
Systolic Anterior Motion of the Mitral Valve without Asymmetric
... motion of the mitral valve and is responsible for obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; for some, this has been a rationale for mitral valvular replacement as therapy for idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.e.7 Findings in our patient indicate that systolic anterior motion of the mitral ...
... motion of the mitral valve and is responsible for obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; for some, this has been a rationale for mitral valvular replacement as therapy for idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.e.7 Findings in our patient indicate that systolic anterior motion of the mitral ...
The Cardiovascular System
... The heart pumps blood through the arteries to the cells of the body. The blood moves in a surge caused by the muscular contraction of the heart. This surge is called the pulse. The blood that goes from the heart to the cells of the body (except the lungs) is oxygenated. Specialized arteries carry th ...
... The heart pumps blood through the arteries to the cells of the body. The blood moves in a surge caused by the muscular contraction of the heart. This surge is called the pulse. The blood that goes from the heart to the cells of the body (except the lungs) is oxygenated. Specialized arteries carry th ...
Electrocardiography
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.