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CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY: THE HEART
CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY: THE HEART

... •  Ca2+  entering  through                     L-­‐type  Ca2+  channels  triggers   the  release  of  more  Ca2+   from  the  ryanodine   receptors  in  the  SR   –  Calcium  induced  calcium   release   ...
Exercise Stress Testing
Exercise Stress Testing

... • Achieving >10 METs with no SS S-T depression ––essentially essentially no ischemia -high risk patients • In this group of intint int-high [31%of all], elimination of MPI could save significant costs ...
Chapter 11-day 2
Chapter 11-day 2

... • HEART REPLACEMENT AND TRANSPLANTS • 1967: FIRST HEART REPLACEMENT • APPROXIMATELY 2000 HEART TRANSPLANTATIONS ARE PERFORMED EACH YEAR IN THE UNITED STATES • FIRST ARTIFICIAL HEART, THE JARVIK-7, WAS CONNECTED TO AN EXTERNAL POWER SOURCE AND PUMP ...
Ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with severe left
Ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with severe left

... •  VT  was  induced  in  all  P  (1-­‐7  morphologies;  cycle  300-­‐600  ms)  and  interrupted  with  bursts  or  external  DC  shocks.     •  LV  access  via  transeptal  catheterization  (3P)    or  aortic  retrograde  approach  (14P).     •  Pace-­‐mapping  match  with  the  induced  VT  ≥11  ou ...
Lesson 6 Circulatory System
Lesson 6 Circulatory System

... pumped by the left ventrical into the aorta in 1 minute • Depends on needs of the body ...
right atrium right ventricle
right atrium right ventricle

... (b) color Doppler shows a left-to-right shunt (blue) during systole. (c) Also a small right-to-left shunt (red) during early diastole (LV relaxes more quickly than RV, resulting in a transient pressure gradient favoring shunting from the right to left ventricle). ...
Morphological abnormalities in baseline ECGs in healthy
Morphological abnormalities in baseline ECGs in healthy

... Instrument Inc, Milwaukee, WI or Model MAC5000, GE Medical Systems, Freiburg, Germany) and were analyzed on-screen using digital calipers (CalECG Version 1.3, AMPS LLC, New York). For each ECG, PR interval, QRS duration, RR and QT intervals was the average of measurements made on five consecutive be ...
Mammalian Heart
Mammalian Heart

... -Small muscle fiber cells with only one nucleus -Individual fibers are connected to neighbors electronically via gap junctions -Two types of fibers: 1. Contractile (similar to skeletal muscle) 2. Conducting (including pacemaker cells) Do not contract, but transmit electrical signal -Cardiac contract ...
Heart Rate Variability and its Relation to Ventricular tachycardia in
Heart Rate Variability and its Relation to Ventricular tachycardia in

... LF/HF-ratio was significantly higher during the 15-min and 5min interval immediately before the onset of VT compared with the one-hour period with <30 VES (2,46+12,2 to 2,10+/- 1,4, p<0,05). Calculatingwith a 3-min interval before VT did not change this results. Heart rate variability data did not d ...
Chapter 5: Age-Related Changes of the Cardiovascular System
Chapter 5: Age-Related Changes of the Cardiovascular System

... the electrical timing or rhythm of the heart. These changes affect the time needed for the chambers of the heart to fill during diastole, the resting phase, and to eject blood during systole, the contracting phase. In general, the heart rate of an older person does not rise in response to fever or s ...
Downloadable PDF format, 3.5 MB
Downloadable PDF format, 3.5 MB

... Abstract: Over 7 million people worldwide die annually from erratic heart rhythms (cardiac arrhythmias), and many more are disabled. Yet there is no imaging modality to identify patients at risk, provide accurate diagnosis and guide therapy. Standard diagnostic techniques such as the electrocardiogr ...
Three-Dimensional Electrogram in Spherical Coordinates
Three-Dimensional Electrogram in Spherical Coordinates

... derived by comparison with the first (reference) loop measured in a patient. All loops are normalized to coincide best with the first loop (Fayn et al. 1983). However, this approach does not take into account possible changes resulting from different position of the patient or of inaccurate placemen ...
Atrial fibrillation associated with high voltage electric shock in a
Atrial fibrillation associated with high voltage electric shock in a

... was not suggestive of any cardiac problems or any other significant medical problems. No previous episodes of palpitation or loss of consciousness were present. ECG taken at admission showed narrow complex tachycardia with irregularly irregular rhythm (Figure 2). She was conservatively treated for t ...
AngioDynamics ECG Education
AngioDynamics ECG Education

... *AngioDynamics and the AngioDynamics logo are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of AngioDynamics, Inc., an affiliate or a subsidiary. ...
Congestive Heart Failure in cats and dogs
Congestive Heart Failure in cats and dogs

... respiratory rate when they are relaxed and not just having exercised. Only measure your dog’s respiratory rate if he/she is breathing through a closed mouth, when they have stopped panting. In cats, it is important to recognise if they are purring and to avoid measuring respiratory rate at that time ...
Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive Heart Failure

... unable to be cleared from the systemic circulation and consequently becomes “congested”. Fluid accumulates in the abdomen and/or the chest cavity, interfering with the function of the organs in these areas. The abdomen may become enlarged with fluid called ascites. Fluid may also leak from veins and ...
Station 1
Station 1

... the left parasternal border right ventricular enlargement & severe left atrial enlargement ...
cardiac arrhythmia
cardiac arrhythmia

... tachycardia (AVNRT)- Junctionalarryhythmias  These tachycardia are due to re-entry in a circuit involving AV node.  It produces regular tachycardia with a rate of 120-240/min. Episode may last from few seconds to many hours ...
Lecture:10 Contractility, Stroke volume and Heart Failure
Lecture:10 Contractility, Stroke volume and Heart Failure

... on SV. Contractility is increased in response to sympathetic stimulation and this is reflected by shifting the pressure volume-loop upward and to the left (positive inotropic effect). Changes in heart rate and rhythm also affect myocardial contractility. Measuring cardiac output using Fick’s princip ...
Sudden Cardiac Death Pamphlet Sign
Sudden Cardiac Death Pamphlet Sign

... If the primary healthcare provider or school physician has concerns, a referral to a child heart specialist, a pediatric cardiologist, is recommended. This specialist will perform a more thorough evaluation, including an electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a graph of the electrical activity of the hea ...
S SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
S SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH

... If the primary healthcare provider or school physician has concerns, a referral to a child heart specialist, a pediatric cardiologist, is recommended. This specialist will perform a more thorough evaluation, including an electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a graph of the electrical activity of the hea ...
Case Presentation conference- Dubai 2016
Case Presentation conference- Dubai 2016

... • Family history of LVNC • Evaluation for genetic syndromes • Metabolic acidosis, lactic acidosis and/or abnormal urine organic acid result would suggest inborn error of metabolism • Microarray analysis for microdeletion or microduplication syndromes • Whole exome sequence for monogenic disorders ...
Beta Blockers CAUSE Heart Attacks
Beta Blockers CAUSE Heart Attacks

... (NaturalNews) Surgical patients who are given blood pressure drugs known as beta-blockers around the time of surgery are four times more likely to suffer heart attacks and death than patients who are not given such drugs, according to a study conducted by researchers from the Veterans Affairs (VA) B ...
NAMES ___ . DATE __ _ CARDIAC CYCLE OF THE FROG
NAMES ___ . DATE __ _ CARDIAC CYCLE OF THE FROG

... What is systole? diastole? In which direction does blood flow in the frog heart? How does the blood leaving the lungs differ from that arriving? Remember, the frog's heart has only one ventricle into which both the right and left atria discharge their blood. MATERIALS: Dissecting pan lined with mois ...
Cardiac Physiology
Cardiac Physiology

... – Recording part of electrical activity induced in body fluids by cardiac impulse that reaches body surface – Not direct recording of actual electrical activity of heart – Recording of overall spread of activity throughout heart during depolarization and repolarization – Not a recording of a single ...
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Electrocardiography



Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.
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