New Insights into Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation
... An imbalance in autonomic nervous system activity can result in significant changes in cardiac electrophysiological properties of the atrial myocardium which may facilitate induction of AF. Vagal nerve stimulation causes the shortening of an effective refractory period and facilitates induction of A ...
... An imbalance in autonomic nervous system activity can result in significant changes in cardiac electrophysiological properties of the atrial myocardium which may facilitate induction of AF. Vagal nerve stimulation causes the shortening of an effective refractory period and facilitates induction of A ...
ACOG PRACTICE BULLETIN - Minnesota Hospital Association
... that the use of EFM does not result in a reduction in cerebral palsy (8). This is consistent with data that suggest that the occurrence of cerebral palsy has been stable over time, despite the widespread introduction of EFM (10). The principal explanation for why the prevalence of cerebral palsy has ...
... that the use of EFM does not result in a reduction in cerebral palsy (8). This is consistent with data that suggest that the occurrence of cerebral palsy has been stable over time, despite the widespread introduction of EFM (10). The principal explanation for why the prevalence of cerebral palsy has ...
The Aortomitral Angle is Suspended by the Anterior Mitral Basal “Stay”
... PA, USA). ECG was monitored continuously with 5 leads. Anesthesia was maintained with intermittent Propofol i. v. and Isoflurane at a gas level of 0.5 % to 2.5 % as needed. The heart was exposed with a standard left thoracotomy through the fourth intercostal space and a T-shaped incision of the peri ...
... PA, USA). ECG was monitored continuously with 5 leads. Anesthesia was maintained with intermittent Propofol i. v. and Isoflurane at a gas level of 0.5 % to 2.5 % as needed. The heart was exposed with a standard left thoracotomy through the fourth intercostal space and a T-shaped incision of the peri ...
![Measurement of arterial puls []](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016043936_1-e2df7887e83123fe04e7a82d3385e059-300x300.png)
Measurement of arterial puls []
... Pulse palpated at the level of the main branches of the aorta (carotid artery, femoral artery) is the central pulse; by exploring any of the other sites we determine the peripheral pulse. Most frequently, we use the palpation of the radial pulse. No matter which artery is explored, pulse palpation s ...
... Pulse palpated at the level of the main branches of the aorta (carotid artery, femoral artery) is the central pulse; by exploring any of the other sites we determine the peripheral pulse. Most frequently, we use the palpation of the radial pulse. No matter which artery is explored, pulse palpation s ...
Intrinsic cardiac ganglia and acetylcholine are important in the
... cardioprotective intervention, effective in many mammalian species via a similar mechanistic pathway (see meta-analysis [67] and recent review [29]). Although studies have reported protection by classical IPC in the setting of cardiac surgery [32], it is not practical to be used clinically in either ...
... cardioprotective intervention, effective in many mammalian species via a similar mechanistic pathway (see meta-analysis [67] and recent review [29]). Although studies have reported protection by classical IPC in the setting of cardiac surgery [32], it is not practical to be used clinically in either ...
The Association of Postoperative Right Ventricular Restrictive
... b) TAPSE <16mm8c) pulmonary regurgitation, d) resting QRS duration of > 180 msecs,4 and e) presence of ventricular arrhythmia.4 3. Tei index (MPI. RIMP) – ratio of isovolumic time divided by ET, or [(IVRT + IVCT)/ ET]. The MPI may be used for initial and serial measurements as an estimate of RV fun ...
... b) TAPSE <16mm8c) pulmonary regurgitation, d) resting QRS duration of > 180 msecs,4 and e) presence of ventricular arrhythmia.4 3. Tei index (MPI. RIMP) – ratio of isovolumic time divided by ET, or [(IVRT + IVCT)/ ET]. The MPI may be used for initial and serial measurements as an estimate of RV fun ...
6 Heart Sounds
... other hand, does not vary with respiration and is just as loud over the apex. It must be pointed out that not all patients have a split S1 that is audible. This may be because of various factors involved in the production of the T1 and the A1. The normal T1 may not be loud enough to be audible. The ...
... other hand, does not vary with respiration and is just as loud over the apex. It must be pointed out that not all patients have a split S1 that is audible. This may be because of various factors involved in the production of the T1 and the A1. The normal T1 may not be loud enough to be audible. The ...
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)
... What types of CRT devices are there?.................................................................................................... 5 What does a CRT-P device do?................................................................................................................ 5 What does a CRT-D ...
... What types of CRT devices are there?.................................................................................................... 5 What does a CRT-P device do?................................................................................................................ 5 What does a CRT-D ...
Transesophageal echocardiography in the OR and ICU
... performance, assessing both systolic and/or diastolic impairment.51 In patients with acute unexplained hypotension and suboptimal TTE images due to mechanical ventilation, surgical wounds, medications or drainages, TEE can provide a good assessment of cardiac function and loading conditions to detec ...
... performance, assessing both systolic and/or diastolic impairment.51 In patients with acute unexplained hypotension and suboptimal TTE images due to mechanical ventilation, surgical wounds, medications or drainages, TEE can provide a good assessment of cardiac function and loading conditions to detec ...
AHA Scientific Statement
... opportunity to have all questions about the test answered.11 Written informed consent is often obtained before the exercise test, and the patient should be told that he or she can terminate the test at any time even though he or she will be encouraged to continue to volitional fatigue and that the t ...
... opportunity to have all questions about the test answered.11 Written informed consent is often obtained before the exercise test, and the patient should be told that he or she can terminate the test at any time even though he or she will be encouraged to continue to volitional fatigue and that the t ...
Left Ventricular Endocardial Longitudinal and - AJP
... Distances between crystals were measured with Sonometrics Digital Ultrasonic Measurement System TRX Series using 13 transmitter/receiver crystals. A post-processing program (Sonometrics Corporation, London, Ontario, Canada) was used to examine each individual distance between crystals and for three- ...
... Distances between crystals were measured with Sonometrics Digital Ultrasonic Measurement System TRX Series using 13 transmitter/receiver crystals. A post-processing program (Sonometrics Corporation, London, Ontario, Canada) was used to examine each individual distance between crystals and for three- ...
Ventricular Septal Defects
... from the apex towards the base of the heart. However, before this septum reaches the atrioventricular canal (AVC), it stops. This is because at this stage of development the truncus arteriosus (TA) only communicates with the bulbus cordis so blood flow from the primitive ventricle travels to the tru ...
... from the apex towards the base of the heart. However, before this septum reaches the atrioventricular canal (AVC), it stops. This is because at this stage of development the truncus arteriosus (TA) only communicates with the bulbus cordis so blood flow from the primitive ventricle travels to the tru ...
Case report: Persistent truncus arteriosus with intact ventricular
... Genetic factors and familial occurrence have been reported in keeshond dogs. A genetic study suggested that specific mutations in oligenic genes including CFA2, CFA9 and CFA15 may be responsible for conotruncal heart malformations. These mutations might be spontaneous or induced by teratogens [27]. ...
... Genetic factors and familial occurrence have been reported in keeshond dogs. A genetic study suggested that specific mutations in oligenic genes including CFA2, CFA9 and CFA15 may be responsible for conotruncal heart malformations. These mutations might be spontaneous or induced by teratogens [27]. ...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by Chest Compression Alone: A
... with MTMV is the composition of the air exhaled by the rescuers. Wenzel et al showed that the rescuers exhaled a mean CO2 concentration of 3.5% to 4.1% and a mean O2 concentration of 16.6% to 17.8%. 74 The same research group in a different study showed that animals ventilated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 ...
... with MTMV is the composition of the air exhaled by the rescuers. Wenzel et al showed that the rescuers exhaled a mean CO2 concentration of 3.5% to 4.1% and a mean O2 concentration of 16.6% to 17.8%. 74 The same research group in a different study showed that animals ventilated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 ...
Distention of the Immature Left ... Fibroelastosis: An Animal Model of ...
... through collagen and elastin fibers, develops in the human fetal heart restricting growth of the left ...
... through collagen and elastin fibers, develops in the human fetal heart restricting growth of the left ...
Ultrafast Computed Tomography Analysis of Regional Radius
... Background. This study tested two hypotheses: 1) regional left ventricular radius-to-wall thickness ratios (R/T) are uniform in normal subjects, and 2) patients with left ventricular hypertrophy secondary to compensated volume overload normalize global and regional RIT. Methods and Results. Ultrafas ...
... Background. This study tested two hypotheses: 1) regional left ventricular radius-to-wall thickness ratios (R/T) are uniform in normal subjects, and 2) patients with left ventricular hypertrophy secondary to compensated volume overload normalize global and regional RIT. Methods and Results. Ultrafas ...
a PDF of this article. - Journal of Invasive Cardiology
... 0.03%. Type IIA differs significantly from other variations, since there is a single coronary trunk and it does not immediately divide into Figure 5. Another view of single coronary artery. Figure 4. Follow-up coronary angiography. left and right system. This is a “true” SCA that gives away its bran ...
... 0.03%. Type IIA differs significantly from other variations, since there is a single coronary trunk and it does not immediately divide into Figure 5. Another view of single coronary artery. Figure 4. Follow-up coronary angiography. left and right system. This is a “true” SCA that gives away its bran ...
Cardiac Pacing: Patient Management
... oesophagus just behind the left atrium to permit temporary atrial pacing. 6,7 The patient is to remain sedated for the duration of this type of pacing.7 This system may also be used in the diagnosis (electrophysiological study) and termination of arrhythmias including SVT.4 However, as this pacing o ...
... oesophagus just behind the left atrium to permit temporary atrial pacing. 6,7 The patient is to remain sedated for the duration of this type of pacing.7 This system may also be used in the diagnosis (electrophysiological study) and termination of arrhythmias including SVT.4 However, as this pacing o ...
Philips HeartStart FRx AED Brochure
... • A Fortune Global 500 company, Philips is one of the world’s largest medical products companies with annual revenue of over $7 billion. • With over 350,000 automated external defibrillators installed, Philips is the leader in public access defibrillation.9 • Over 7 billion HeartStart Defibrillator ...
... • A Fortune Global 500 company, Philips is one of the world’s largest medical products companies with annual revenue of over $7 billion. • With over 350,000 automated external defibrillators installed, Philips is the leader in public access defibrillation.9 • Over 7 billion HeartStart Defibrillator ...
Relation Between Right Ventricular Function and Increased Right
... had a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) ⱕ35% as documented by equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (ERVG), symptoms consistent with New York Heart Association functional class II-III despite optimal medical therapy, and a QRS duration ⱖ130 ms based on baseline ECG who had been recrui ...
... had a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) ⱕ35% as documented by equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (ERVG), symptoms consistent with New York Heart Association functional class II-III despite optimal medical therapy, and a QRS duration ⱖ130 ms based on baseline ECG who had been recrui ...
Part II: Chapter 8
... Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, which leads to microvascular and macrovascular complications. The arterial vessel wall reveals structural changes in patients with DM which results in stiffening of the arterial vasculature, including the aortic wall.1 This stiffening occurs early in the ...
... Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, which leads to microvascular and macrovascular complications. The arterial vessel wall reveals structural changes in patients with DM which results in stiffening of the arterial vasculature, including the aortic wall.1 This stiffening occurs early in the ...
1 General IntroductIon Pulmonary arterIal
... during the progression of PH in rats can be comprehensively monitored over time, by the combined use of echocardiography and a refined RV pressure-telemetry technique. In Chapter 3, we studied the effects of exercise training in a rat model using two distinct clinical phenotypes of PH, as the role o ...
... during the progression of PH in rats can be comprehensively monitored over time, by the combined use of echocardiography and a refined RV pressure-telemetry technique. In Chapter 3, we studied the effects of exercise training in a rat model using two distinct clinical phenotypes of PH, as the role o ...
Energy metabolism in reperfused heart muscle: Metabolic
... from fed male COBS Wi star rats (animal weight 250 to 350 g) and perfused with oxygenated Krebs Henseleit bicarbon• ate saline solution, containing 10 mM glucose, in the per• fusion apparatus previously described (6). Each heart was kept in a temperature-controlled (37°C) perfusion chamber throughou ...
... from fed male COBS Wi star rats (animal weight 250 to 350 g) and perfused with oxygenated Krebs Henseleit bicarbon• ate saline solution, containing 10 mM glucose, in the per• fusion apparatus previously described (6). Each heart was kept in a temperature-controlled (37°C) perfusion chamber throughou ...
Cardiac Pumping and the Function of Ventricular
... 1.1 Historical Development of Functional Cardiac Anatomy to Heart Physiology of Today There is a considerable number of monographs in the history of heart physiology and cardiology [165] , as well as chapters in books on the general history of medicine devoted to these topics. But t ...
... 1.1 Historical Development of Functional Cardiac Anatomy to Heart Physiology of Today There is a considerable number of monographs in the history of heart physiology and cardiology [165] , as well as chapters in books on the general history of medicine devoted to these topics. But t ...
Left ventricular diastolic collapse in regional left heart
... right ventricular diastolic collapse has been associated with a significant reduction in cardiac output without substantial changes in blood pressure . It has been hypothesized (19) that the left ventricle does not demonstrate this motion because of its greater thickness md its symmetric shape . How ...
... right ventricular diastolic collapse has been associated with a significant reduction in cardiac output without substantial changes in blood pressure . It has been hypothesized (19) that the left ventricle does not demonstrate this motion because of its greater thickness md its symmetric shape . How ...
Electrocardiography
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.