Tetrodotoxin Sensitivity of the Vertebrate Cardiac Na+ Current
... the chick heart in the range of 10–20 nM suggesting that the avian cardiac INa is TTX-sensitive [22,23]. On the other hand, [3H]TTX or [3H]STX binding experiments suggest that, similar to the mammalian cardiac Na+ channels, the chick cardiac Na+ channels have low affinity to guanidium toxins [19,24] ...
... the chick heart in the range of 10–20 nM suggesting that the avian cardiac INa is TTX-sensitive [22,23]. On the other hand, [3H]TTX or [3H]STX binding experiments suggest that, similar to the mammalian cardiac Na+ channels, the chick cardiac Na+ channels have low affinity to guanidium toxins [19,24] ...
Fontan Circulation
... Gewillig, M. The Fontan Circulation. Heart. 2005. 91: 839-846 Redington, A. The physiology of the Fontan Circulation. Progress in ...
... Gewillig, M. The Fontan Circulation. Heart. 2005. 91: 839-846 Redington, A. The physiology of the Fontan Circulation. Progress in ...
Full text (PDF file)
... It is well documented, that hearts of healthy rats, mice and rabbits exhibit considerable seasonal variability in activities of diverse enzymes of aerobic heat production (Wickler 1981), antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation (Belló-Klein et al. 2000) as well as in certain indicators o ...
... It is well documented, that hearts of healthy rats, mice and rabbits exhibit considerable seasonal variability in activities of diverse enzymes of aerobic heat production (Wickler 1981), antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation (Belló-Klein et al. 2000) as well as in certain indicators o ...
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Obese Hypertensives: Is It Really
... and left atrial hypertrophy with the BMI values was considerably better in the group of moderate than in the group of mild hypertension. The r values were 0.62 vs. 0.22 for left ventricular mass and 0.64 vs. 0.26 for left atrial dimension. The group of patients with severe hypertension was character ...
... and left atrial hypertrophy with the BMI values was considerably better in the group of moderate than in the group of mild hypertension. The r values were 0.62 vs. 0.22 for left ventricular mass and 0.64 vs. 0.26 for left atrial dimension. The group of patients with severe hypertension was character ...
May13_2008 - National Center for Biomedical Ontology
... transformation from one or more source ontologies to a target application ontology ...
... transformation from one or more source ontologies to a target application ontology ...
Print - Circulation
... dextrose solution, and each value for each subject was calculated from the average of these findings. To simulate the unloading effects of an LVAD, left ventricular bypass was initiated by opening the left ventricular vent to the heart-lung machine without opening the venous drainage system from the ...
... dextrose solution, and each value for each subject was calculated from the average of these findings. To simulate the unloading effects of an LVAD, left ventricular bypass was initiated by opening the left ventricular vent to the heart-lung machine without opening the venous drainage system from the ...
The Architecture of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract
... this region that it is probably unwise to ascribe particular ones to specific fetal structures until more is known about cardiac mor- ...
... this region that it is probably unwise to ascribe particular ones to specific fetal structures until more is known about cardiac mor- ...
Regional Distribution of the Molecular Forms of Acetylcholinesterase
... dissection was performed so that the IVS contained the atrioventricular node (A-V node).9 In separate experiments, the A-V and S-A nodal areas and the apical half of the IVS were used as samples. All tissue samples were rinsed, blotted, and weighed. Tissue samples were either used for AChE molecular ...
... dissection was performed so that the IVS contained the atrioventricular node (A-V node).9 In separate experiments, the A-V and S-A nodal areas and the apical half of the IVS were used as samples. All tissue samples were rinsed, blotted, and weighed. Tissue samples were either used for AChE molecular ...
visionist™, visionist™ x4, valitude™, valitude
... Refer to the lead's instruction manual for implant information, general warnings and precautions, indications, contraindications, and technical specifications. Read this material carefully for implant procedure instructions specific to the chosen lead configurations. Refer to the PRM system Operator ...
... Refer to the lead's instruction manual for implant information, general warnings and precautions, indications, contraindications, and technical specifications. Read this material carefully for implant procedure instructions specific to the chosen lead configurations. Refer to the PRM system Operator ...
Acute Respiratory Acidosis Decreases Left Ventricular Contractility
... ensure adequate oxygenation. During instrumentation and during eucapnic measurements, tidal volume was set at 15 ml/kg at a rate adjusted to maintain Pco2 between 35 and 40 mm Hg. Four centimeters of positive end-expiratory pressure was applied to maintain end-expired lung volume. A femoral artery c ...
... ensure adequate oxygenation. During instrumentation and during eucapnic measurements, tidal volume was set at 15 ml/kg at a rate adjusted to maintain Pco2 between 35 and 40 mm Hg. Four centimeters of positive end-expiratory pressure was applied to maintain end-expired lung volume. A femoral artery c ...
catheter ablation reimbursement guide
... before inflation to avoid catheter damage. Do not position the balloon within the tubular portion of the pulmonary vein to minimize phrenic nerve injury and pulmonary vein stenosis. Do not connect the cryoablation catheter to a radiofrequency (RF) generator or use it to deliver RF energy because thi ...
... before inflation to avoid catheter damage. Do not position the balloon within the tubular portion of the pulmonary vein to minimize phrenic nerve injury and pulmonary vein stenosis. Do not connect the cryoablation catheter to a radiofrequency (RF) generator or use it to deliver RF energy because thi ...
Primary Prophylaxis of Sudden Death in Hypertrophic
... It is an eclectic cardiomyopathy that often presents with arrhythmias rather than right heart symptoms. Patients may have simple ectopy, sustained and nonsustained VT, or ventricular fibrillation. ARVC needs to be ruled out when VT originates from the RV outflow region. Idiopathic RV outflow VT is u ...
... It is an eclectic cardiomyopathy that often presents with arrhythmias rather than right heart symptoms. Patients may have simple ectopy, sustained and nonsustained VT, or ventricular fibrillation. ARVC needs to be ruled out when VT originates from the RV outflow region. Idiopathic RV outflow VT is u ...
The Effects and Safety of Exercise Training in Subjects With Chronic
... strongly recommended, especially during the initial phase, to monitor individual responses and tolerability and to promptly detect the symptoms of cardiovascular decompensation.26,28 To assure the safety and compliance in training elderly subjects, several distinctive features of their response to e ...
... strongly recommended, especially during the initial phase, to monitor individual responses and tolerability and to promptly detect the symptoms of cardiovascular decompensation.26,28 To assure the safety and compliance in training elderly subjects, several distinctive features of their response to e ...
Evaluation of Diastolic Function: How Practical Is it?
... e′ of the mitral annulus at the same time, you could obtain some valuable information about filling pressures. DR. ...
... e′ of the mitral annulus at the same time, you could obtain some valuable information about filling pressures. DR. ...
Ablation vs. drug use for atrial fibrillation
... rhythm control in AF based on these trials noted that rhythm control was associated with more hospitalizations and more adverse drug effects.16 Further analysis of the relationship of survival to cardiac rhythm and treatment in the AFFIRM study revealed that sinus rhythm was associated with a lower ...
... rhythm control in AF based on these trials noted that rhythm control was associated with more hospitalizations and more adverse drug effects.16 Further analysis of the relationship of survival to cardiac rhythm and treatment in the AFFIRM study revealed that sinus rhythm was associated with a lower ...
Repolarization Reserve in Cardiac Cells
... safe lower limit. However, since net current as well as total current are small, any further important decrease of outward current may lead to excessive prolongation of the action potential duration (APD) and of the QT interval in the ECG. During recent years congenital as well as acquired forms of ...
... safe lower limit. However, since net current as well as total current are small, any further important decrease of outward current may lead to excessive prolongation of the action potential duration (APD) and of the QT interval in the ECG. During recent years congenital as well as acquired forms of ...
SIGN publication no. 35 - Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure
... All patients with suspected heart failure should have an echocardiogram if at all possible. ...
... All patients with suspected heart failure should have an echocardiogram if at all possible. ...
effect of pharmacological blockade on cardiovascular responses to
... level in one corner of the tank. The tank was divided into four lanes which made an underwater maze when covered with plastic mesh. The animals entered the maze at one end, from the platform, and had to swim to the other end to reach food placed under water. The round trip was 21 m. Muskrats were fi ...
... level in one corner of the tank. The tank was divided into four lanes which made an underwater maze when covered with plastic mesh. The animals entered the maze at one end, from the platform, and had to swim to the other end to reach food placed under water. The round trip was 21 m. Muskrats were fi ...
Apical Right Ventricular Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy—A Case
... In contrast to left ventricular pathology in HCM, the involvement of the right ventricle is uncommon occurring in up to 15% of patients. Histologic findings appear to be similar to those in the left ventricle, suggesting similar pathogenesis [6]. Isolated hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy of t ...
... In contrast to left ventricular pathology in HCM, the involvement of the right ventricle is uncommon occurring in up to 15% of patients. Histologic findings appear to be similar to those in the left ventricle, suggesting similar pathogenesis [6]. Isolated hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy of t ...
ACOG PRACTICE BULLETIN - Department of Obstetrics and
... that the use of EFM does not result in a reduction in cerebral palsy (8). This is consistent with data that suggest that the occurrence of cerebral palsy has been stable over time, despite the widespread introduction of EFM (10). The principal explanation for why the prevalence of cerebral palsy has ...
... that the use of EFM does not result in a reduction in cerebral palsy (8). This is consistent with data that suggest that the occurrence of cerebral palsy has been stable over time, despite the widespread introduction of EFM (10). The principal explanation for why the prevalence of cerebral palsy has ...
New Insights into Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation
... An imbalance in autonomic nervous system activity can result in significant changes in cardiac electrophysiological properties of the atrial myocardium which may facilitate induction of AF. Vagal nerve stimulation causes the shortening of an effective refractory period and facilitates induction of A ...
... An imbalance in autonomic nervous system activity can result in significant changes in cardiac electrophysiological properties of the atrial myocardium which may facilitate induction of AF. Vagal nerve stimulation causes the shortening of an effective refractory period and facilitates induction of A ...
![Measurement of arterial puls []](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016043936_1-e2df7887e83123fe04e7a82d3385e059-300x300.png)
Measurement of arterial puls []
... Pulse palpated at the level of the main branches of the aorta (carotid artery, femoral artery) is the central pulse; by exploring any of the other sites we determine the peripheral pulse. Most frequently, we use the palpation of the radial pulse. No matter which artery is explored, pulse palpation s ...
... Pulse palpated at the level of the main branches of the aorta (carotid artery, femoral artery) is the central pulse; by exploring any of the other sites we determine the peripheral pulse. Most frequently, we use the palpation of the radial pulse. No matter which artery is explored, pulse palpation s ...
Electrocardiography
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.