Valvular Heart Disease: A Primer for the Clinical Pharmacist
... degrees of left heart failure. Further, electrocardiograms are routinely obtained at follow-up visits to assess rhythm as well as offer nonspecific information, such as ventricular enlargement. Stress tests can be very useful to objectively assess whether patients still have intact functional capaci ...
... degrees of left heart failure. Further, electrocardiograms are routinely obtained at follow-up visits to assess rhythm as well as offer nonspecific information, such as ventricular enlargement. Stress tests can be very useful to objectively assess whether patients still have intact functional capaci ...
Atrial pacing for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after
... BACKGROUND Although pharmacologic therapy has been used to help prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation, it suffers from limited efficacy and adverse effects. In the nonoperative setting, novel pacing strategies have been shown to reduce recurrences of atrial fibrillation and prolong arrhythmia-fr ...
... BACKGROUND Although pharmacologic therapy has been used to help prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation, it suffers from limited efficacy and adverse effects. In the nonoperative setting, novel pacing strategies have been shown to reduce recurrences of atrial fibrillation and prolong arrhythmia-fr ...
Practice Cases
... respiratory failure develops, remember that effective bag-mask ventilation may require the use of a 2-person bag-mask ventilation approach: 1 rescuer performs a head tilt–chin lift and seals the mask to the face while the 2nd rescuer compresses the ventilation bag. Avoid rapid ventilation rates sinc ...
... respiratory failure develops, remember that effective bag-mask ventilation may require the use of a 2-person bag-mask ventilation approach: 1 rescuer performs a head tilt–chin lift and seals the mask to the face while the 2nd rescuer compresses the ventilation bag. Avoid rapid ventilation rates sinc ...
Normal Reference Values of Tissue Doppler Imaging Parameters for
... All subjects were studied using M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography and conventional Doppler and TDI in accordance with the American society of echocardiography guidelines (9). Tissue Doppler Imaging: Myocardial velocities were measured on-line using a standard pulsewave Doppler echocardiogr ...
... All subjects were studied using M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography and conventional Doppler and TDI in accordance with the American society of echocardiography guidelines (9). Tissue Doppler Imaging: Myocardial velocities were measured on-line using a standard pulsewave Doppler echocardiogr ...
ESC Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization
... period must be notified to the ESC. The Task Force report was entirely supported financially by the ESC and was developed without any involvement of the industry. The ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) supervises and coordinates the preparation of new Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documen ...
... period must be notified to the ESC. The Task Force report was entirely supported financially by the ESC and was developed without any involvement of the industry. The ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) supervises and coordinates the preparation of new Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documen ...
Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce atrial vulnerability
... electrode (16 peripheral unipolar electrodes, all equidistant from each other and from a central bipolar electrode; radius 7.5 mm) was sutured to the epicardium of the posterior wall of the left atrium (Figure 1). This electrode allows calculation of the atrial conduction velocity in any direction, ...
... electrode (16 peripheral unipolar electrodes, all equidistant from each other and from a central bipolar electrode; radius 7.5 mm) was sutured to the epicardium of the posterior wall of the left atrium (Figure 1). This electrode allows calculation of the atrial conduction velocity in any direction, ...
Myocardial strain imaging: how useful is it in clinical
... measurements are still angle dependent because radial strain has opposite polarity of longitudinal and circumferential strains. Therefore, with increasing deviation from the major axis, there will be progressive reduction in absolute strain. To avoid underestimation, it is important to minimize fore ...
... measurements are still angle dependent because radial strain has opposite polarity of longitudinal and circumferential strains. Therefore, with increasing deviation from the major axis, there will be progressive reduction in absolute strain. To avoid underestimation, it is important to minimize fore ...
Exenatide infusion decreases atrial natriuretic peptide levels by
... patients with type 2 diabetes and congestive heart failure were randomized to receive a 6-h infusion of exenatide or placebo. Cardiac filling pressures were measured by right heart catheterization, and plasma levels of ANP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and exenatide were measured at bas ...
... patients with type 2 diabetes and congestive heart failure were randomized to receive a 6-h infusion of exenatide or placebo. Cardiac filling pressures were measured by right heart catheterization, and plasma levels of ANP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and exenatide were measured at bas ...
Cyanotic Heart Disease
... primitive common truncus arteriosus to divide into aorta and pulmonary artery ...
... primitive common truncus arteriosus to divide into aorta and pulmonary artery ...
Cardiac Rehabilitation
... It is useful to consider four phases of cardiac rehabilitation, as each represents a different component of the journey of care: inpatient care, the early post discharge period, exercise training, and finally long term follow up. Some countries recognise three phases only, by calling the early post ...
... It is useful to consider four phases of cardiac rehabilitation, as each represents a different component of the journey of care: inpatient care, the early post discharge period, exercise training, and finally long term follow up. Some countries recognise three phases only, by calling the early post ...
Cardiac Function in Heart Failure: The Role of Calcium Cycling
... through RyR2 channels [47]. Calsequestrin is by far the most abundant Ca2+-binding protein in the SR of cardiac muscle [48]. There is a physical link between calsequestrin and RyR2, which allows some control of calcium release during the action potential. This link controls the release of calcium th ...
... through RyR2 channels [47]. Calsequestrin is by far the most abundant Ca2+-binding protein in the SR of cardiac muscle [48]. There is a physical link between calsequestrin and RyR2, which allows some control of calcium release during the action potential. This link controls the release of calcium th ...
Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with multiple
... ventricular, and pulmonary artery). In 20% of the cases, coronary artery fistulae are associated with other cardiac anomalies including aortic and pulmonary atresia and patent ductus arteriosus.1 Fistulae draining into the LV are uncommon and their co-existence with apical HCM has been rarely report ...
... ventricular, and pulmonary artery). In 20% of the cases, coronary artery fistulae are associated with other cardiac anomalies including aortic and pulmonary atresia and patent ductus arteriosus.1 Fistulae draining into the LV are uncommon and their co-existence with apical HCM has been rarely report ...
PDF - 1.9 MB
... We now proceed to an analysis of the model of Figure 7. Specifically, we would like to establish the relationship between the mean flow rate through the vasculature, Q, and the right atrial filling pressure, Pf. The reasons for the choice of these parameters will become clearer after discussing vent ...
... We now proceed to an analysis of the model of Figure 7. Specifically, we would like to establish the relationship between the mean flow rate through the vasculature, Q, and the right atrial filling pressure, Pf. The reasons for the choice of these parameters will become clearer after discussing vent ...
Cardiac Function in Heart Failure: The Role of Calcium
... through RyR2 channels [47]. Calsequestrin is by far the most abundant Ca2+-binding protein in the SR of cardiac muscle [48]. There is a physical link between calsequestrin and RyR2, which allows some control of calcium release during the action potential. This link controls the release of calcium th ...
... through RyR2 channels [47]. Calsequestrin is by far the most abundant Ca2+-binding protein in the SR of cardiac muscle [48]. There is a physical link between calsequestrin and RyR2, which allows some control of calcium release during the action potential. This link controls the release of calcium th ...
Systemic vascular resistance: an unreliable index of left
... times the conversion factor 80 dyne-cm- 2/mm Hg divided by the thermodilution-determined cardiac output.'2 In all dogs, the same micromanometer-tipped catheter and recording system were used. In six of the eight dogs studied, comparisons were made between initial and end-of-study data for zero posit ...
... times the conversion factor 80 dyne-cm- 2/mm Hg divided by the thermodilution-determined cardiac output.'2 In all dogs, the same micromanometer-tipped catheter and recording system were used. In six of the eight dogs studied, comparisons were made between initial and end-of-study data for zero posit ...
Fulltext - Jultika
... This research project was carried out during the years 1997 to 1999 in cooperation between the Department of Anaesthesiology, the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and the Experimental Animal Research Laboratory, in the University of Oulu. I owe a debt of gratitude to the Acting Head of the ...
... This research project was carried out during the years 1997 to 1999 in cooperation between the Department of Anaesthesiology, the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and the Experimental Animal Research Laboratory, in the University of Oulu. I owe a debt of gratitude to the Acting Head of the ...
Prospective and Retrospective ECG Gating for Thoracic CT
... Thoracic aortic CT angiography with cardiac gating may now be considered the preferred technique for thoracic CT angiography when diagnostic concern relates to the aortic sinus, ascending aorta, or coronary arteries. An alternative technique is gated thoracic aortic MR angiography using steadystate ...
... Thoracic aortic CT angiography with cardiac gating may now be considered the preferred technique for thoracic CT angiography when diagnostic concern relates to the aortic sinus, ascending aorta, or coronary arteries. An alternative technique is gated thoracic aortic MR angiography using steadystate ...
Vasoreactive Response to Maternal Hyperoxygenation in the Fetus
... for each parameter, the mean and standard deviations were calculated. For the purposes of statistical analysis, only the first scan of each HLHS fetus during the phase I baseline, room air study was compared with the frequency-matched normal control population via unpaired Student t tests. HLHS fetu ...
... for each parameter, the mean and standard deviations were calculated. For the purposes of statistical analysis, only the first scan of each HLHS fetus during the phase I baseline, room air study was compared with the frequency-matched normal control population via unpaired Student t tests. HLHS fetu ...
Tetralogy of Fallot with Anomalous Left Anterior Descending
... of the right ventricular outflow tracts.16 Xenografts though offer off- the- shelf privileges, continue to be expensive. However, the probability of many re-operations for conduit replacement and the risk for ischemia due to compression of the coronary artery by the conduit are major disadvantages o ...
... of the right ventricular outflow tracts.16 Xenografts though offer off- the- shelf privileges, continue to be expensive. However, the probability of many re-operations for conduit replacement and the risk for ischemia due to compression of the coronary artery by the conduit are major disadvantages o ...
Thirst response to acute hypovolaemia in syncope Linköping University Post Print
... volunteered and participated in the study. Their mean (SD) body height was 165 (6) cm, mean body weight was 63 (11) kg and mean BMI was 23.0 (3.5) kg/m2. Three additional volunteers were excluded, due to missing data (n = 1) or to both objective and subjective signs of presyncope during the protocol ...
... volunteered and participated in the study. Their mean (SD) body height was 165 (6) cm, mean body weight was 63 (11) kg and mean BMI was 23.0 (3.5) kg/m2. Three additional volunteers were excluded, due to missing data (n = 1) or to both objective and subjective signs of presyncope during the protocol ...
Stress Echo
... Myocardial perfusion imaging is also often used as an initial test to evaluate the presence, and extent of coronary disease. Like stress echocardiography it is also used to stratify the risk for patients with and without significant disease. Similar to all stress testing MPI can be used for monitori ...
... Myocardial perfusion imaging is also often used as an initial test to evaluate the presence, and extent of coronary disease. Like stress echocardiography it is also used to stratify the risk for patients with and without significant disease. Similar to all stress testing MPI can be used for monitori ...
PDF
... suggested that all of the information necessary to drive Cx30.2 expression within the AVCS resides in the 10.8 kb DNA fragment upstream of the Cx30.2 translational start site. In order to better define the embryonic pattern of Cx30.2-lacZ expression, we performed a detailed developmental analysis of ...
... suggested that all of the information necessary to drive Cx30.2 expression within the AVCS resides in the 10.8 kb DNA fragment upstream of the Cx30.2 translational start site. In order to better define the embryonic pattern of Cx30.2-lacZ expression, we performed a detailed developmental analysis of ...
Pericardial Diseases: Tamponade and constriction
... autosomal recessive disorder, primarily found in the Finnish population that can lead to congestive heart failure in early adult life and is partially characterized by the development of constrictive pericarditis in some affected individuals. TEE findings of constrictive pericarditis will be discuss ...
... autosomal recessive disorder, primarily found in the Finnish population that can lead to congestive heart failure in early adult life and is partially characterized by the development of constrictive pericarditis in some affected individuals. TEE findings of constrictive pericarditis will be discuss ...
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Pericardial Disease
... autosomal recessive disorder, primarily found in the Finnish population that can lead to congestive heart failure in early adult life and is partially characterized by the development of constrictive pericarditis in some affected individuals. TEE findings of constrictive pericarditis will be discuss ...
... autosomal recessive disorder, primarily found in the Finnish population that can lead to congestive heart failure in early adult life and is partially characterized by the development of constrictive pericarditis in some affected individuals. TEE findings of constrictive pericarditis will be discuss ...
Estimation of left ventricular operating stiffness from - AJP
... (KLA, KLV-E, KLV-A, and KLV) by using 1) Pearson’s correlation with Bonferroni’s adjustment for multiple comparisons and 2) single and multiple linear regression analysis. To determine whether EDT and KLV respond in a similar manner to preload alterations, we compared PLV-ED, KLV, and EDT before and ...
... (KLA, KLV-E, KLV-A, and KLV) by using 1) Pearson’s correlation with Bonferroni’s adjustment for multiple comparisons and 2) single and multiple linear regression analysis. To determine whether EDT and KLV respond in a similar manner to preload alterations, we compared PLV-ED, KLV, and EDT before and ...
Electrocardiography
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.