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... Most studies in ectothermic vertebrates show that the dominant pacemaker activity is located at the sinuatrial junction, albeit that an anatomical sinus node is absent [20,21,35,37,55,56]. In addition, some studies report pacemaking upstream of the sinuatrial junction at variable positions [53,57], ...
... Most studies in ectothermic vertebrates show that the dominant pacemaker activity is located at the sinuatrial junction, albeit that an anatomical sinus node is absent [20,21,35,37,55,56]. In addition, some studies report pacemaking upstream of the sinuatrial junction at variable positions [53,57], ...
Cardiac apex: Spectrum of diseases in Cardiovascular Magnetic
... apex of left ventricle (LV). Apical HCM was originally described in individuals of asian descent but it is now being diagnosed increasignly in the western world. the reported rate of occurance of apical HCM range from 2 to 25%. Unlike typical HCM, apical HCM shows a predilection for middle-aged men, ...
... apex of left ventricle (LV). Apical HCM was originally described in individuals of asian descent but it is now being diagnosed increasignly in the western world. the reported rate of occurance of apical HCM range from 2 to 25%. Unlike typical HCM, apical HCM shows a predilection for middle-aged men, ...
Vagal Stimulation, Through its Nicotinic Action, Limits Infarct Size
... After 24 hours of reperfusion, the chest was reopened under anesthesia and ventilation. One milliliter of blood was withdrawn in heparin and centrifuged for 14 minutes at 3500 revolutions per minute at 4C, and plasma was stored at 220C. Then the ligature around the coronary artery was tightened ag ...
... After 24 hours of reperfusion, the chest was reopened under anesthesia and ventilation. One milliliter of blood was withdrawn in heparin and centrifuged for 14 minutes at 3500 revolutions per minute at 4C, and plasma was stored at 220C. Then the ligature around the coronary artery was tightened ag ...
Supraventricular Tachycardia: Diagnosis and Management
... min raises the suspicion of atrial flutter with 2:1 AV block because the usual atrial rate during flutter is 300 beats/ min. In general, a tachycardia with an atrial rate of less than 160 to 170 beats/min and without a visible P wave implies the presence of the slow-pathway component of the AV node. ...
... min raises the suspicion of atrial flutter with 2:1 AV block because the usual atrial rate during flutter is 300 beats/ min. In general, a tachycardia with an atrial rate of less than 160 to 170 beats/min and without a visible P wave implies the presence of the slow-pathway component of the AV node. ...
Investigating The Effects Of Caffeine On The 6
... Calcium channel blockers are used to regulate heart beat and lower the blood pressure. Calcium blockers are used in the treatment of heart failure because they reduce peripheral resistance and expand arteries. The main kinds of calcium blockers are as following: diltiazem, nicardipine, nifedipine, v ...
... Calcium channel blockers are used to regulate heart beat and lower the blood pressure. Calcium blockers are used in the treatment of heart failure because they reduce peripheral resistance and expand arteries. The main kinds of calcium blockers are as following: diltiazem, nicardipine, nifedipine, v ...
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... Recently, the therapeutic use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been reported in some tissues, such as heart, kidney and brain [4, 21, 31]. Studies have suggested that this cytokine can act in damaged hearts by recruiting bone marrow-derived cells and promoting angiogenesis, reduc ...
... Recently, the therapeutic use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been reported in some tissues, such as heart, kidney and brain [4, 21, 31]. Studies have suggested that this cytokine can act in damaged hearts by recruiting bone marrow-derived cells and promoting angiogenesis, reduc ...
Using anatomical intelligence to assess LV function
... Strain imaging has proven to provide important incremental information in various clinical settings. Areas that hold great promise include the detection of subclinical heart disease (when other systolic functional parameters are normal), the evaluation of myocardial ischemia and viability, and seria ...
... Strain imaging has proven to provide important incremental information in various clinical settings. Areas that hold great promise include the detection of subclinical heart disease (when other systolic functional parameters are normal), the evaluation of myocardial ischemia and viability, and seria ...
The efficacy and safety of Crataegus extract WS® 1442 in patients
... Background: Crataegus preparations have been used for centuries especially in Europe. To date, no proper data on their efficacy and safety as an add-on-treatment are available. Therefore a large morbidity/mortality trial was performed. Aim: To investigate the efficacy and safety of an add-on treatme ...
... Background: Crataegus preparations have been used for centuries especially in Europe. To date, no proper data on their efficacy and safety as an add-on-treatment are available. Therefore a large morbidity/mortality trial was performed. Aim: To investigate the efficacy and safety of an add-on treatme ...
Therapeutic Catheterizations
... – Adequate intravascular volume – Reduce uremic toxins which may worsen AKI – Provides stability to the high risk patient after the procedure reducing the risks of oliguria, volume overload, and electrolyte imbalance that are associated with short-term mortality. Double lumen catheter is placed in a ...
... – Adequate intravascular volume – Reduce uremic toxins which may worsen AKI – Provides stability to the high risk patient after the procedure reducing the risks of oliguria, volume overload, and electrolyte imbalance that are associated with short-term mortality. Double lumen catheter is placed in a ...
Use of Alternating Current During Diagnostic
... arrhythmogenic foci, full-wave rectified alternating current (120 Hz) was used for inducing arrhythmias. Application of alternating current resulted in ventricular tachycardias 31 times; in 27 instances, these tachycardias were similar in rate (216 ± 37 beats/min) and morphology to those previously ...
... arrhythmogenic foci, full-wave rectified alternating current (120 Hz) was used for inducing arrhythmias. Application of alternating current resulted in ventricular tachycardias 31 times; in 27 instances, these tachycardias were similar in rate (216 ± 37 beats/min) and morphology to those previously ...
... and preload) versus pseudonormal (impaired relaxation and increased preload) LV filling (1). More recently, the velocity of flow propagation into the LV (Vp) has been shown to provide an estimate of LV relaxation (2,3). Takatsuji et al. (4) studied a large group of patients with normal relaxation, d ...
Relationship between endocardial activation sequences defined by
... is well established, the non-responder rate is 30%, which poses significant challenges in improving patient selection.1 A favourable response to CRT is known to be associated with a specific ‘U-shape’ activation pattern within the left ventricle (LV), which is not readily apparent from the surface ...
... is well established, the non-responder rate is 30%, which poses significant challenges in improving patient selection.1 A favourable response to CRT is known to be associated with a specific ‘U-shape’ activation pattern within the left ventricle (LV), which is not readily apparent from the surface ...
Novel Techniques for Characterizing Myocardial Structure and
... speckle tracking depends highly on the spatial resolution of the image and on the frame rate of the cineloop. Myocardial deformation occurs in the three spatial dimensions, resulting in speckles moving out of the two dimensional scanning plane. The computer compensates for this out of plane motion b ...
... speckle tracking depends highly on the spatial resolution of the image and on the frame rate of the cineloop. Myocardial deformation occurs in the three spatial dimensions, resulting in speckles moving out of the two dimensional scanning plane. The computer compensates for this out of plane motion b ...
Love Triangle - Landauer Publishing
... from the publisher with the exception that the publisher grants permission to enlarge template patterns for personal use only. The scanning, uploading and distribution of this pattern or any part thereof via the Internet or any other means without permission from the publisher is illegal and punisha ...
... from the publisher with the exception that the publisher grants permission to enlarge template patterns for personal use only. The scanning, uploading and distribution of this pattern or any part thereof via the Internet or any other means without permission from the publisher is illegal and punisha ...
Multidimensional Analytical Study of Heart Sounds: A Review
... Phonocardiogram (PCG). During heart-sound signal processing, Xiao et al. [29] found that this phenomenon had its own regularity. There are many factors causing this variation, such as respiration, exercise, psychological activity, drugs, temperature, smoking, disease, etc. These factors can affect t ...
... Phonocardiogram (PCG). During heart-sound signal processing, Xiao et al. [29] found that this phenomenon had its own regularity. There are many factors causing this variation, such as respiration, exercise, psychological activity, drugs, temperature, smoking, disease, etc. These factors can affect t ...
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction – Persistent
... several issues related to the criteria used to establish the diagnosis [44, 46–49]. First, many older adults have concomitant co-morbid conditions that could mimic the symptoms of heart failure, such as dyspnea, fatigue, and leg swelling, and reduce the specificity of the diagnosis when made only on ...
... several issues related to the criteria used to establish the diagnosis [44, 46–49]. First, many older adults have concomitant co-morbid conditions that could mimic the symptoms of heart failure, such as dyspnea, fatigue, and leg swelling, and reduce the specificity of the diagnosis when made only on ...
A Signal Processing Approach to the Reduction of Stress with the
... termed stressors [1], which tend to disrupt the stability. One such bane of today’s competitive world is stress, and stress related problems are becoming common among people today. Stress is an organism’s response to a stimulus that puts demands on the human body that it cannot handle at that moment ...
... termed stressors [1], which tend to disrupt the stability. One such bane of today’s competitive world is stress, and stress related problems are becoming common among people today. Stress is an organism’s response to a stimulus that puts demands on the human body that it cannot handle at that moment ...
Tissue inhibitor
... reported in chronic heart failure (CHF) regardless of the underlying cause or the type of left ventricular dysfunction [8,11,15,18,19], and a level N 1200 ng/ml was indicative of heart failure [20]. However, the available information regarding the prognostic utility of TIMP-1 in heart failure is con ...
... reported in chronic heart failure (CHF) regardless of the underlying cause or the type of left ventricular dysfunction [8,11,15,18,19], and a level N 1200 ng/ml was indicative of heart failure [20]. However, the available information regarding the prognostic utility of TIMP-1 in heart failure is con ...
2 nd Generation
... The DAVID Trial Investigators. Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator. JAMA. 2002;288(24):3115-3123. ...
... The DAVID Trial Investigators. Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator. JAMA. 2002;288(24):3115-3123. ...
Heart Rate Variability from Short Electrocardiographic Recordings
... examination, including a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram. Thirty-two men declined to participate, while 179 of the remaining 1,056 men took part only in the dietary interview or had their physical examination later than 1960. The remaining 878 men hereafter will be referred to as the "middle-aged ...
... examination, including a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram. Thirty-two men declined to participate, while 179 of the remaining 1,056 men took part only in the dietary interview or had their physical examination later than 1960. The remaining 878 men hereafter will be referred to as the "middle-aged ...
Rate Control vs Rhythm Control in Patients With
... Study objectives: The relative risks and benefits of strategies of rate control vs rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remain to be fully explored. Design: The How to Treat Chronic Atrial Fibrillation (HOT CAFE) Polish trial was designed to evaluate in a randomized, multicenter, ...
... Study objectives: The relative risks and benefits of strategies of rate control vs rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remain to be fully explored. Design: The How to Treat Chronic Atrial Fibrillation (HOT CAFE) Polish trial was designed to evaluate in a randomized, multicenter, ...
070 Systole-diastole mismatch in HCM is caused by stress induced
... ⫾ 0.3 (P ⬍.001). In 18 (of 23) patients, the peak mitral E wave velocity increased from 0.7 ⫾ 0.2 m/s to 0.8 ⫾ 0.3 m/s (P ⬍.01), and the A wave velocity increased from 0.8 ⫾ 0.2 m/s to 1.0 ⫾ 0.2 m/s (p⬍0.001), so that E/A ratio remained unchanged. In the other 5 patients, the E and A wave became sup ...
... ⫾ 0.3 (P ⬍.001). In 18 (of 23) patients, the peak mitral E wave velocity increased from 0.7 ⫾ 0.2 m/s to 0.8 ⫾ 0.3 m/s (P ⬍.01), and the A wave velocity increased from 0.8 ⫾ 0.2 m/s to 1.0 ⫾ 0.2 m/s (p⬍0.001), so that E/A ratio remained unchanged. In the other 5 patients, the E and A wave became sup ...
Electrocardiography
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.