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Prognostic Implications of Long-Chain Acylcarnitines in
Prognostic Implications of Long-Chain Acylcarnitines in

... role in pathogenesis, that is, the heart becomes ...
Chapter 2: Chemistry, Matter, and Life
Chapter 2: Chemistry, Matter, and Life

... Cardiac Output Calculating cardiac output • Cardiac output (CO) • Stroke volume (SV) ...
break
break

... How to interpret genetic screening results in inherited cardiac diseases?(General talk) Risk stratification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: phenotype, genotype or both Dilated cardiomyopathy in children: diagnostic work-up and treatment The role of MRI in diagnosis and risk stratification in inherit ...
Full Text  - Research in Cardiovascular Medicine
Full Text - Research in Cardiovascular Medicine

... can occur in the absence of obstructive CAD to suggest stress cardiomyopathy. Case Presentation: We report a 48-year-old female with intermittent chest pain. Her physical exam, cardiac enzymes and transthoracic echocardiogram were unremarkable. She underwent dobutamine stress echocardiogram to rule ...
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Atrial Fibrillation
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Atrial Fibrillation

... also conducted a retrospective analysis of 131 consecutive HF patients who underwent CRT implantation.25 The patients in three groups were considered: sinus rhythm (n = 78), AF with AVJ ablation (n= 26), and AF without AVJ ablation (n = 27). The primary outcomes were occurrence of cardiac death, hos ...
Characterizing the M..
Characterizing the M..

... suggesting increased myocardial interstitial space (Table 1, technique 2).[39–41] However, care is needed as the disease may have altered body composition (a higher percentage of body fat and, thus, a greater contrast dose per unit of total body extra-cellular water), reduced renal function, or alte ...
no animations - 6 MB PDF - UNC Heart Sounds Project
no animations - 6 MB PDF - UNC Heart Sounds Project

... Click to begin obstruction in tetralogy of Fallot. Note the occasional respiratory arrhythmia associated with the child’s breathing “B”. 38-B ...
question
question

... Enter 98 if beta-blockers were prescribed, and the patient did not refuse at the time of prescription, but the patient did not take the medication, stopped it on his own, or took it only occasionally. Enter 99 if the patient was discharged from a private sector hospital and records are not available ...
Successful thrombolytic therapy in a patient with congenital
Successful thrombolytic therapy in a patient with congenital

... a case of an acute coronary syndrome and a ccTGA patient, in whom they performed coronary angiography. The angiogram of the patient showed haemodynamically nonsignificant stenoses, and they suspected that the cardiac enzyme increase was secondary to microvascular ischemia or hypertrophy (6). Gungor ...
cardiovascular evaluation of athletes
cardiovascular evaluation of athletes

... however, additional diagnostic tests are usually needed to determine the severity of the problem. The test to assess the severity of the defect is echocardiography, with electrocardiogram and chest X-ray providing additional measures of heart size. Other non-invasive tests must be used in specific si ...
Gene Transfer of a Synthetic Pacemaker Channel Into
Gene Transfer of a Synthetic Pacemaker Channel Into

... recorded 72 hours after adenoviral injection as previously described.13 Guinea pigs were lightly sedated with isoflurane, and needle electrodes were placed under the skin. Electrode positions were optimized to obtain maximal-amplitude recordings. ECGs were simultaneously recorded from standard limb ...
Pop and Drop - Wisconsin Medical Society
Pop and Drop - Wisconsin Medical Society

... symptoms. There was no history of dysphagia or odynophagia. has been free of recurrent syncope. He denied any history of neurological disease. There was no associated chest pain, dyspnea, or palpitations. Past medical history DISCUSSION was significant for coronary artery bypass surgery and rate-con ...
The Right Angle
The Right Angle

... pressure (>10 cm of water) of less than 60%.2-4 In this case, the failure to detect the high jugular venous pressure may have related at least in part to its extreme elevation. The jugular venous pressure is best estimated by identifying the right internal jugular venous pulse with the patient lying ...
Gross Anatomy of the Heart in the Western Grey Kangaroo
Gross Anatomy of the Heart in the Western Grey Kangaroo

... septal wall was smooth and had three papillary muscles. The s septal wall in distal direction had few trabecula carneae. Right atrioventricular orifice had 2.0 cm diameter in female. Pulmonary and tricuspid valves was separated by a supraventricular ridge that measured 1,2 cm in female and 1.6 cm in ...
The Right Angle
The Right Angle

... pressure (>10 cm of water) of less than 60%.2-4 In this case, the failure to detect the high jugular venous pressure may have related at least in part to its extreme elevation. The jugular venous pressure is best estimated by identifying the right internal jugular venous pulse with the patient lying ...
ASYSTOLE or PULSELESS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY (PEA) ↓
ASYSTOLE or PULSELESS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY (PEA) ↓

... Tamponade - (Cardiac) Tension Pneumothorax ...
State of the Art in Forensic Investigation of Sudden Cardiac Death
State of the Art in Forensic Investigation of Sudden Cardiac Death

... requires also a detailed interrogation of witnesses, if any, family members of the deceased, physicians of the rescue team who attempted resuscitation. On the other hand, general pathologists usually receive reports from the police or other investigators confirming that no suspicious circumstances ha ...
A Novel Paradigm for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
A Novel Paradigm for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

... contributor to HFPEF mortality (11). In visceral obesity, adipose tissue is infiltrated by macrophages, which produce a systemic inflammatory state because of secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (13,14). Obesity also contributes to mortality as evident from the U-shaped relationship in HFPEF between ...
Pulmonary Artery Catheter
Pulmonary Artery Catheter

... - pulmonary artery occlusion pressure closely approximates left atrial pressure which approximates left ventricular end diastolic pressure (wedge creates a static column of blood) - conditions where PAoP may mispresent LVEDP: 1. alveolar pressure > pulmonary venous pressure (i.e.catheter outside Wes ...
to First Heart Sound and Opening Snap in Patients with Mitral Stenosis
to First Heart Sound and Opening Snap in Patients with Mitral Stenosis

... conical shape. The Figure shows an example of each type of valve in systole and diastole. There were four phases of motion of the mitral valve cusps and annulus during a complete cardiac cycle. In early systole, 0 03-0-04 sec. after the Q wave of the electrocardiogram, there was a sudden ascent of t ...
Heart Transplantation at Duke University Medical Center
Heart Transplantation at Duke University Medical Center

... alone and may be referred for heart-lung transplantation.However, heart transplant patients can experience prolonged respiratory dysfunction and may require more than twenty four hours of ventilator support. Rarely, an individual will remain on a ventillator for more than seven days, and may require ...
WINFOCUS BASIC ECHO (WBE)
WINFOCUS BASIC ECHO (WBE)

... ‣ Less sensitive, more specific ‣ Reciprocal respiratory changes in right ventricular and left ventricular inflow velocities ‣ Distended, non-compliant IVC ...
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Regurgitation

... why many people feel weak and short of breath. Other complications may occur that need to be managed. These may include: ...
Is there a pathophysiological link between high arterial stiffness and
Is there a pathophysiological link between high arterial stiffness and

Impairment of left ventricular function by acute cardiac lymphatic
Impairment of left ventricular function by acute cardiac lymphatic

... 0008-6363/97/$17.00 Copyright 0 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII S0008-63 63(96)00 177-0 ...
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Electrocardiography



Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.
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