![Stray capacitances of single-layer solenoid air-core inductors](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/022815483_1-239ae7c298907a59eb2cbf08c7ee8c86-300x300.png)
Stray capacitances of single-layer solenoid air-core inductors
... Above the first self-resonant frequency, the impedances of the RLM branches of the equivalent circuit of Fig. 1 become much higher than those of the shunt capacitances between adjacent turns. We can also assume that capacitances between nonadjacent turns can be neglected, because they are usually mu ...
... Above the first self-resonant frequency, the impedances of the RLM branches of the equivalent circuit of Fig. 1 become much higher than those of the shunt capacitances between adjacent turns. We can also assume that capacitances between nonadjacent turns can be neglected, because they are usually mu ...
Manual-HC4-7-english.. - Powertech Engines Inc
... The generators are of air-ventilated screen protected drip-proof design and are not suitable for mounting outdoors unless ...
... The generators are of air-ventilated screen protected drip-proof design and are not suitable for mounting outdoors unless ...
Liebert STS2 100A-1000A Guide Specifications (SL-20610)
... The Static Transfer Switch shall be a three-pole, double-throw, solid-state, automatic transfer switch that is fed from two AC power sources. One source shall be designated as the preferred source, while the other is the alternate source. Selection of which input source is preferred shall be user se ...
... The Static Transfer Switch shall be a three-pole, double-throw, solid-state, automatic transfer switch that is fed from two AC power sources. One source shall be designated as the preferred source, while the other is the alternate source. Selection of which input source is preferred shall be user se ...
The Accutach Tachometer Calibrator/Tester Rev. 2
... you just blow a fuse in your car. If you are unlucky you may burn your car, garage and house down. It’s a good idea to put a rag or some other electrical insulator under the alligator clip. Also, needless to say, don’t do electrical work around gasoline fumes. Double check the power connections befo ...
... you just blow a fuse in your car. If you are unlucky you may burn your car, garage and house down. It’s a good idea to put a rag or some other electrical insulator under the alligator clip. Also, needless to say, don’t do electrical work around gasoline fumes. Double check the power connections befo ...
Crompton Instruments Protector Trip Relays
... RS232 to RS485 Serial Converter Allows direct connection from the SPR system protection relay to SCADA or PC based systems. ...
... RS232 to RS485 Serial Converter Allows direct connection from the SPR system protection relay to SCADA or PC based systems. ...
ROVIRA I VIRGILI UNIVERSITY Carlos Andres Ramos Paja
... of a fuel cell emulator are described, which supports the evaluation of power electronic devices and control systems intended to interact with real prototypes. During the emulator design process the second modeling shortcoming is reported: an accurate model suitable for real-time applications is req ...
... of a fuel cell emulator are described, which supports the evaluation of power electronic devices and control systems intended to interact with real prototypes. During the emulator design process the second modeling shortcoming is reported: an accurate model suitable for real-time applications is req ...
application guideline for electric motor drive equipment for natural
... The following guideline addresses the need for practical guidance on electric motor drives for gas compressors. The guideline is directed to issues which are not addressed in detail by the existing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) electric motor standards or American Petroleu ...
... The following guideline addresses the need for practical guidance on electric motor drives for gas compressors. The guideline is directed to issues which are not addressed in detail by the existing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) electric motor standards or American Petroleu ...
fr-e700 instruction manual (basic)
... removed. Otherwise you may access the exposed highvoltage terminals or the charging part of the circuitry and get an electric shock. z Even if power is OFF, do not remove the front cover except for wiring or periodic inspection. You may accidentally touch the charged inverter circuits and get an ele ...
... removed. Otherwise you may access the exposed highvoltage terminals or the charging part of the circuitry and get an electric shock. z Even if power is OFF, do not remove the front cover except for wiring or periodic inspection. You may accidentally touch the charged inverter circuits and get an ele ...
reference documents
... JT-60SA Global Protection System JT-60SA Safety Interlock System The location where the system object of these technical specifications will be installed: Naka, Japan Switching Network Unit Satellite Tokamak Programme: one of the three projects in the broader approach activities The operator that pr ...
... JT-60SA Global Protection System JT-60SA Safety Interlock System The location where the system object of these technical specifications will be installed: Naka, Japan Switching Network Unit Satellite Tokamak Programme: one of the three projects in the broader approach activities The operator that pr ...
CALIBRATION DATA-SET OF A SIX COMPONENT INTERNAL
... to DNW by QinetiQ (and therefore proprietary data). The text has been edited to account for special items concerning DNW balance calibrations. The BCM was designed mainly for the calibration of the large internal `sting' balances used at the 5m tunnel (QinetiQ, Farnborough). It was developed from an ...
... to DNW by QinetiQ (and therefore proprietary data). The text has been edited to account for special items concerning DNW balance calibrations. The BCM was designed mainly for the calibration of the large internal `sting' balances used at the 5m tunnel (QinetiQ, Farnborough). It was developed from an ...
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IEC 60044-2
... A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by amendments 1 and 2. The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will remain unchanged until 2005. At this date, the publication will be ...
... A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by amendments 1 and 2. The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will remain unchanged until 2005. At this date, the publication will be ...
LTM4608A - Low VIN, 8A DC/DC uModule with Tracking, Margining, and Frequency Synchronization
... PLLLPF (E3): Phase Locked Loop Lowpass Filter. An internal lowpass filter is tied to this pin. In spread spectrum mode, placing a capacitor here to SGND controls the slew rate from one frequency to the next. Alternatively, floating this pin allows normal running frequency at 1.5MHz, tying this pin t ...
... PLLLPF (E3): Phase Locked Loop Lowpass Filter. An internal lowpass filter is tied to this pin. In spread spectrum mode, placing a capacitor here to SGND controls the slew rate from one frequency to the next. Alternatively, floating this pin allows normal running frequency at 1.5MHz, tying this pin t ...
Clamp-On AC Ammeter
... you follow these simple safety rules: • Never apply voltages to the multimeter that exceed the limits given in “Specifications” on Page 6. Never apply more than 500V DC or 500V RMS AC between any input terminals or between an input terminal and ground. ...
... you follow these simple safety rules: • Never apply voltages to the multimeter that exceed the limits given in “Specifications” on Page 6. Never apply more than 500V DC or 500V RMS AC between any input terminals or between an input terminal and ground. ...
Untitled - Toronto Hydro
... installed to improve reliability (refer to 5.2 and 9.19). If a split-bus arrangement [sketch 1(h)] is employed, each of the two feeders can carry its own load but the tie-switch (or tie-breaker) must be open to prevent paralleling of the two feeders. In this arrangement, Customer must ensure that th ...
... installed to improve reliability (refer to 5.2 and 9.19). If a split-bus arrangement [sketch 1(h)] is employed, each of the two feeders can carry its own load but the tie-switch (or tie-breaker) must be open to prevent paralleling of the two feeders. In this arrangement, Customer must ensure that th ...
V-Contact VSC Installation and service instructions 7.2/12 kV
... Only use original spare parts for maintenance operations. The use of non-original spare parts can cause hazardous malfunctions and the apparatus warranty will no longer be valid. Please refer to the technical sheets of the Kits for correct assembly of the accessories and/or spare parts. For further ...
... Only use original spare parts for maintenance operations. The use of non-original spare parts can cause hazardous malfunctions and the apparatus warranty will no longer be valid. Please refer to the technical sheets of the Kits for correct assembly of the accessories and/or spare parts. For further ...
Hardware Design Guide for KeyStone Devices
... Hardware Design Guide for KeyStone I Devices Application Report ...
... Hardware Design Guide for KeyStone I Devices Application Report ...
Loss of AC Voltage Considerations - pes-psrc
... torque line. Also, as this current lags or leads the maximum torque line position, more current is required (for the same VPOL quantity) in order to achieve the same torque value. A number of variations exist with microprocessor relays, but they all depend on accurately measuring current and voltage ...
... torque line. Also, as this current lags or leads the maximum torque line position, more current is required (for the same VPOL quantity) in order to achieve the same torque value. A number of variations exist with microprocessor relays, but they all depend on accurately measuring current and voltage ...
... integrity and process variation on the other hand. Global clock network, especially in nanometer CMOS designs with ever increasing die sizes, has become a prominent performance limiter. A potential alternative to traditional interconnect technology for achieving clock distribution beyond 10 GHz whil ...
Power engineering
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dampfturbine_Montage01.jpg?width=300)
Power engineering, also called power systems engineering, is a subfield of energy engineering that deals with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electric power and the electrical devices connected to such systems including generators, motors and transformers. Although much of the field is concerned with the problems of three-phase AC power – the standard for large-scale power transmission and distribution across the modern world – a significant fraction of the field is concerned with the conversion between AC and DC power and the development of specialized power systems such as those used in aircraft or for electric railway networks. It was a subfield of electrical engineering before the emergence of energy engineering.Electricity became a subject of scientific interest in the late 17th century with the work of William Gilbert. Over the next two centuries a number of important discoveries were made including the incandescent light bulb and the voltaic pile. Probably the greatest discovery with respect to power engineering came from Michael Faraday who in 1831 discovered that a change in magnetic flux induces an electromotive force in a loop of wire—a principle known as electromagnetic induction that helps explain how generators and transformers work.In 1881 two electricians built the world's first power station at Godalming in England. The station employed two waterwheels to produce an alternating current that was used to supply seven Siemens arc lamps at 250 volts and thirty-four incandescent lamps at 40 volts. However supply was intermittent and in 1882 Thomas Edison and his company, The Edison Electric Light Company, developed the first steam-powered electric power station on Pearl Street in New York City. The Pearl Street Station consisted of several generators and initially powered around 3,000 lamps for 59 customers. The power station used direct current and operated at a single voltage. Since the direct current power could not be easily transformed to the higher voltages necessary to minimise power loss during transmission, the possible distance between the generators and load was limited to around half-a-mile (800 m).That same year in London Lucien Gaulard and John Dixon Gibbs demonstrated the first transformer suitable for use in a real power system. The practical value of Gaulard and Gibbs' transformer was demonstrated in 1884 at Turin where the transformer was used to light up forty kilometres (25 miles) of railway from a single alternating current generator. Despite the success of the system, the pair made some fundamental mistakes. Perhaps the most serious was connecting the primaries of the transformers in series so that switching one lamp on or off would affect other lamps further down the line. Following the demonstration George Westinghouse, an American entrepreneur, imported a number of the transformers along with a Siemens generator and set his engineers to experimenting with them in the hopes of improving them for use in a commercial power system.One of Westinghouse's engineers, William Stanley, recognised the problem with connecting transformers in series as opposed to parallel and also realised that making the iron core of a transformer a fully enclosed loop would improve the voltage regulation of the secondary winding. Using this knowledge he built a much improved alternating current power system at Great Barrington, Massachusetts in 1886. In 1885 the Italian physicist and electrical engineer Galileo Ferraris demonstrated an induction motor and in 1887 and 1888 the Serbian-American engineer Nikola Tesla filed a range of patents related to power systems including one for a practical two-phase induction motor which Westinghouse licensed for his AC system.By 1890 the power industry had flourished and power companies had built thousands of power systems (both direct and alternating current) in the United States and Europe – these networks were effectively dedicated to providing electric lighting. During this time a fierce rivalry in the US known as the ""War of Currents"" emerged between Edison and Westinghouse over which form of transmission (direct or alternating current) was superior. In 1891, Westinghouse installed the first major power system that was designed to drive an electric motor and not just provide electric lighting. The installation powered a 100 horsepower (75 kW) synchronous motor at Telluride, Colorado with the motor being started by a Tesla induction motor. On the other side of the Atlantic, Oskar von Miller built a 20 kV 176 km three-phase transmission line from Lauffen am Neckar to Frankfurt am Main for the Electrical Engineering Exhibition in Frankfurt. In 1895, after a protracted decision-making process, the Adams No. 1 generating station at Niagara Falls began transmitting three-phase alternating current power to Buffalo at 11 kV. Following completion of the Niagara Falls project, new power systems increasingly chose alternating current as opposed to direct current for electrical transmission.Although the 1880s and 1890s were seminal decades in the field, developments in power engineering continued throughout the 20th and 21st century. In 1936 the first commercial high-voltage direct current (HVDC) line using mercury-arc valves was built between Schenectady and Mechanicville, New York. HVDC had previously been achieved by installing direct current generators in series (a system known as the Thury system) although this suffered from serious reliability issues. In 1957 Siemens demonstrated the first solid-state rectifier (solid-state rectifiers are now the standard for HVDC systems) however it was not until the early 1970s that this technology was used in commercial power systems. In 1959 Westinghouse demonstrated the first circuit breaker that used SF6 as the interrupting medium. SF6 is a far superior dielectric to air and, in recent times, its use has been extended to produce far more compact switching equipment (known as switchgear) and transformers. Many important developments also came from extending innovations in the ICT field to the power engineering field. For example, the development of computers meant load flow studies could be run more efficiently allowing for much better planning of power systems. Advances in information technology and telecommunication also allowed for much better remote control of the power system's switchgear and generators.