Cenchao Shen - RMIT Research Repository
... I certify that except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work is that of the author alone; the work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; the content of the thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official ...
... I certify that except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work is that of the author alone; the work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; the content of the thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official ...
Humoral and cellular immune responses to Helicobacter
... Helicobacter pylori (Hp) colonizes the human gastric and duodenal mucosa and the infection may cause peptic ulcers and gastric adenocarcinoma. Half of the world’s population is infected with Hp with the highest prevalence in developing countries. Hp infection is normally acquired during childhood, b ...
... Helicobacter pylori (Hp) colonizes the human gastric and duodenal mucosa and the infection may cause peptic ulcers and gastric adenocarcinoma. Half of the world’s population is infected with Hp with the highest prevalence in developing countries. Hp infection is normally acquired during childhood, b ...
13 20 s si
... Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells in the immune system, linking innate and adaptive immune responses. However, it has been suggested a dual role of DC in Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by increasing the spread of HIV-1 while trying to trigger an ...
... Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells in the immune system, linking innate and adaptive immune responses. However, it has been suggested a dual role of DC in Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by increasing the spread of HIV-1 while trying to trigger an ...
Effects of sleep deprivation on immune function via cortisol and
... Krueger et al. in 1982 with the discovery of the sleep-inducing muramyl peptide Factor S. (Krueger et al., 1984; Cardinali et al., 2006) Krueger discovered that Factor S induced the release of interleukin-1, a highly inflammatory cytokine prominent in the acute phase response of the innate immune sy ...
... Krueger et al. in 1982 with the discovery of the sleep-inducing muramyl peptide Factor S. (Krueger et al., 1984; Cardinali et al., 2006) Krueger discovered that Factor S induced the release of interleukin-1, a highly inflammatory cytokine prominent in the acute phase response of the innate immune sy ...
Fc lessons from murine mercury-induced autoimmunity. -receptors in systemic autoimmune conditions -
... The normal immune system is able to produce self-binding antibodies (abs) eg. natural autoantibodies which differ from pathogenic autoantibodies with regard to the B cells producing them and their immunoglobulin (Ig) class [16]. The relationship between natural and pathogenic autoantibodies is not p ...
... The normal immune system is able to produce self-binding antibodies (abs) eg. natural autoantibodies which differ from pathogenic autoantibodies with regard to the B cells producing them and their immunoglobulin (Ig) class [16]. The relationship between natural and pathogenic autoantibodies is not p ...
Outlines
... A remarkable feature of the host defense apparatus is its ability to produce highly reactive oxidizing reagents, including oxidizing radicals and singlet oxygen. The importance of this so called “respiratory burst (RB)” became obvious when the syndrome chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), characteri ...
... A remarkable feature of the host defense apparatus is its ability to produce highly reactive oxidizing reagents, including oxidizing radicals and singlet oxygen. The importance of this so called “respiratory burst (RB)” became obvious when the syndrome chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), characteri ...
Sleep triggered by an immune response inDrosophilais regulated by
... manifested as an increase in sleep. Sleep has therefore been proposed to benefit the host by enhancing immune function and thereby overcome the challenge. To facilitate genetic studies on the relationship between sleep and immune function, we characterized the effect of the immune response on sleep ...
... manifested as an increase in sleep. Sleep has therefore been proposed to benefit the host by enhancing immune function and thereby overcome the challenge. To facilitate genetic studies on the relationship between sleep and immune function, we characterized the effect of the immune response on sleep ...
EndoS and SpeB from Streptococcus pyogenes
... purified rEndoS before addition to whole blood from three different donors lacking opsonizing antibodies against S. pyogenes. Bacteria were inoculated into the whole blood-IgG mixtures, and bacterial survival was monitored over time. rEndoS activity on IgG was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis, which s ...
... purified rEndoS before addition to whole blood from three different donors lacking opsonizing antibodies against S. pyogenes. Bacteria were inoculated into the whole blood-IgG mixtures, and bacterial survival was monitored over time. rEndoS activity on IgG was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis, which s ...
The Origins, Specificity, and Potential Biological
... in the bone marrow (central tolerance) or in the periphery (peripheral tolerance). B cells recognize antigen through their B-cell antigen receptors (BCR), which can subsequently be secreted as antibodies into the serum as a part of the humoral immune response. When a breakdown in either B-cell centr ...
... in the bone marrow (central tolerance) or in the periphery (peripheral tolerance). B cells recognize antigen through their B-cell antigen receptors (BCR), which can subsequently be secreted as antibodies into the serum as a part of the humoral immune response. When a breakdown in either B-cell centr ...
Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine
... Following transplantation, the immune system is triggered to induce an immune response to donor histocompatibility antigens expressed by the graft (allo-antigens), leading to organ rejection. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen presenting cells and have a fundamental role in the initia ...
... Following transplantation, the immune system is triggered to induce an immune response to donor histocompatibility antigens expressed by the graft (allo-antigens), leading to organ rejection. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen presenting cells and have a fundamental role in the initia ...
Proceedings - Animal Nutrition Conference of Canada
... community, chose to focus on nutritional strategies to reduce the use of antimicrobials in animal production. Apart from the new legislative constraints that will force the industry to adapt and find new ways to maintain livestock profitability, there is also an opportunity for us to better understa ...
... community, chose to focus on nutritional strategies to reduce the use of antimicrobials in animal production. Apart from the new legislative constraints that will force the industry to adapt and find new ways to maintain livestock profitability, there is also an opportunity for us to better understa ...
Spatial and temporal regulation of cytokine expression in Type 2
... you was so uncomplicated, I enjoyed so much working together on the hookworm project, thank you for involving me in such a well-rounded study. Mali Camberis thank you for helping me with all things Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Heligmosomoides polygyrus, from worm culture to infection and counti ...
... you was so uncomplicated, I enjoyed so much working together on the hookworm project, thank you for involving me in such a well-rounded study. Mali Camberis thank you for helping me with all things Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Heligmosomoides polygyrus, from worm culture to infection and counti ...
Dendritic cells expand antigen-specific Foxp3+ CD25+ CD4+
... cotransfer of CD25+CD4+ T cells (8, 9). Thus, autoreactivity is an intrinsic feature of peripheral T cells, but autoimmune disease is prevented by natural Tregs. CD25+CD4+ Tregs were then shown to regulate not only autoimmunity but also tumor immunity, antimicrobial resistance, allergy, and transpla ...
... cotransfer of CD25+CD4+ T cells (8, 9). Thus, autoreactivity is an intrinsic feature of peripheral T cells, but autoimmune disease is prevented by natural Tregs. CD25+CD4+ Tregs were then shown to regulate not only autoimmunity but also tumor immunity, antimicrobial resistance, allergy, and transpla ...
Modeling the interactions of bacteria and Toll-like
... known as the normal flora, that is essential for the maturation of the immune system and for the developmental regulation of the intestinal physiology (Collado et al., 2012). The first components of the normal flora to appear are facultative anaerobes, such as enterobacteria, coliforms, lactobacilli, a ...
... known as the normal flora, that is essential for the maturation of the immune system and for the developmental regulation of the intestinal physiology (Collado et al., 2012). The first components of the normal flora to appear are facultative anaerobes, such as enterobacteria, coliforms, lactobacilli, a ...
35 Kortylewski Nat Biotechnol 2009
... Figure 2 Uptake and gene silencing by CpG–Stat3 siRNA in vitro. (a) Targeted delivery: splenocytes were incubated for 3 h with CpG–Stat3 siRNA or for 24 h with unconjugated Stat3 siRNA labeled with FITC (bottom left panel), without any transfection reagents. Percentage of FITC-positive CD11c+B220− ...
... Figure 2 Uptake and gene silencing by CpG–Stat3 siRNA in vitro. (a) Targeted delivery: splenocytes were incubated for 3 h with CpG–Stat3 siRNA or for 24 h with unconjugated Stat3 siRNA labeled with FITC (bottom left panel), without any transfection reagents. Percentage of FITC-positive CD11c+B220− ...
A Functional Study of the Drosophila Host Defense
... efficient mechanisms to protect themselves from hostile agents that threaten their homeostasis. Common to all of these organisms is the ability of the host to recognize these harmful disease-causing agents and to carry out elaborate defense mechanisms in order to ensure the survival of the host. Som ...
... efficient mechanisms to protect themselves from hostile agents that threaten their homeostasis. Common to all of these organisms is the ability of the host to recognize these harmful disease-causing agents and to carry out elaborate defense mechanisms in order to ensure the survival of the host. Som ...
NIH Public Access
... Multicellular organisms face a constant challenge of surviving in an environment containing unicellular pathogens. Phagocytes have evolved as specialized cells that engulf and kill invading pathogens to protect the host against microorganisms. They are the major cellular arm of the innate immune sys ...
... Multicellular organisms face a constant challenge of surviving in an environment containing unicellular pathogens. Phagocytes have evolved as specialized cells that engulf and kill invading pathogens to protect the host against microorganisms. They are the major cellular arm of the innate immune sys ...
Modulation of immune responses by the tumor suppressor p53
... first-responder attempt to remove injurious stimuli and to initiate healing. It is a complex signal-mediated reaction by vascular tissues to cellular insults such as pathogens and infectious agents, toxins, physical stress or damaged cells. Acute inflammation is an important mode of immune response, ...
... first-responder attempt to remove injurious stimuli and to initiate healing. It is a complex signal-mediated reaction by vascular tissues to cellular insults such as pathogens and infectious agents, toxins, physical stress or damaged cells. Acute inflammation is an important mode of immune response, ...
The human spleen after trauma Leemans, Rob
... surfaces to the white pulp veins. Slit-like spaces, which can be penetrated by cells flowing from the pulp cords, separate the endothelial cells. The basal membranes have been shown to contain actin and myosin which can probably contract to vary the tension in the endothelial cell and the dimensions ...
... surfaces to the white pulp veins. Slit-like spaces, which can be penetrated by cells flowing from the pulp cords, separate the endothelial cells. The basal membranes have been shown to contain actin and myosin which can probably contract to vary the tension in the endothelial cell and the dimensions ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.