Immunogen, antigen, epitope, hapten
... By examining myoglobin one can see that the Ag’s seen by Bcells and T-cells are different. B-cells see a continuous or discontinuous series of amino acids; by some circumstance, amino acid residue 109 has never been a part of an epitope for any monoclonal antibody; yet residue 109 is always part of ...
... By examining myoglobin one can see that the Ag’s seen by Bcells and T-cells are different. B-cells see a continuous or discontinuous series of amino acids; by some circumstance, amino acid residue 109 has never been a part of an epitope for any monoclonal antibody; yet residue 109 is always part of ...
Document
... public database by the LIAI together with the SAIC, UCSD, and Denmark University and sponsored by the NIH, maintains experimental data on immune epitopes (the sites on foreign molecules that are recognized by the immune system) curated from literature and submitted from the research community and pr ...
... public database by the LIAI together with the SAIC, UCSD, and Denmark University and sponsored by the NIH, maintains experimental data on immune epitopes (the sites on foreign molecules that are recognized by the immune system) curated from literature and submitted from the research community and pr ...
IgM Humoral immune response to thymus
... 1. Adaptive humoral immune response is mediated by 2. Humoral immune response is important in defense aginst 3. Humoral immune response to nonprotein antigens is ...
... 1. Adaptive humoral immune response is mediated by 2. Humoral immune response is important in defense aginst 3. Humoral immune response to nonprotein antigens is ...
5.2 Dominant, Recessive, Heterozygous
... Reginald has one allele for green eyes, and one allele for brown eyes. He is heterozygous for eye color. ...
... Reginald has one allele for green eyes, and one allele for brown eyes. He is heterozygous for eye color. ...
Document
... Genotype: actual genetic make-up Predict genotype, if you know phenotype and can predict phenotype, if you know genotype. Blood type is determined by the antigen present on the RBC. Punnet Square ...
... Genotype: actual genetic make-up Predict genotype, if you know phenotype and can predict phenotype, if you know genotype. Blood type is determined by the antigen present on the RBC. Punnet Square ...
Bacterial Heat Shock Proteins
... and CD4+ T cells (Srivastava, 2002). These observations have led to the interesting role of Hsps as antigen presenters and carriers. Role as Chaperones of Antigen Presenters: Hsps are involved in the folding and assembly of molecules that play important roles in the immune system. These include the ...
... and CD4+ T cells (Srivastava, 2002). These observations have led to the interesting role of Hsps as antigen presenters and carriers. Role as Chaperones of Antigen Presenters: Hsps are involved in the folding and assembly of molecules that play important roles in the immune system. These include the ...
Genetic Disorders
... compound heterozygotes, individuals with two mutant alleles and no normal allele, because in these diseases, one normal gene copy is able to compensate for the mutant allele and prevent the disease from occurring. Because an individual inherits only one of the two alleles at any locus from one paren ...
... compound heterozygotes, individuals with two mutant alleles and no normal allele, because in these diseases, one normal gene copy is able to compensate for the mutant allele and prevent the disease from occurring. Because an individual inherits only one of the two alleles at any locus from one paren ...
Module 2: Antibodies and Antigens
... MHC class I molecules are expressed on all the nucleated cells, while class II are expressed only in dendritic cells, B cells, macrophages and few other cells. Class I restricted CD8+ cells kill the virus infected cells, the cells containing intracellular antigens and tumor antigens. Class II restri ...
... MHC class I molecules are expressed on all the nucleated cells, while class II are expressed only in dendritic cells, B cells, macrophages and few other cells. Class I restricted CD8+ cells kill the virus infected cells, the cells containing intracellular antigens and tumor antigens. Class II restri ...
Chapter_03 - Welcome to people.pharmacy.purdue.edu!
... Human MHC – Human leukocyte antigen complex HLA-A,B,C -present peptide Abs used to ID MHC molecules react with leukocytes not RBCs antigens to CD8 Tcells and interact with NK-cells ...
... Human MHC – Human leukocyte antigen complex HLA-A,B,C -present peptide Abs used to ID MHC molecules react with leukocytes not RBCs antigens to CD8 Tcells and interact with NK-cells ...
03-390 Immunology Exam II - 2016 Name:______________________
... Choice E: How do babies benefit from the immune system of their mothers? Choice A: The smaller IgG (monomer versus IgM pentamer) can reach a higher density on the surface of the pathogen. Choice B: IgM are larger so they can span between pathogens, they also have 10 antigen binding sites, so they co ...
... Choice E: How do babies benefit from the immune system of their mothers? Choice A: The smaller IgG (monomer versus IgM pentamer) can reach a higher density on the surface of the pathogen. Choice B: IgM are larger so they can span between pathogens, they also have 10 antigen binding sites, so they co ...
Note: Alleles are alternative forms of a, gene which occupies a
... cross between normal (grey-bodied) flies which are heterozygous for this N allele (i.e. Nn genotypes). (4) (b) State the proportion of the normal phenotypes which would be true breeding. (1) three normal to one ebony. n ...
... cross between normal (grey-bodied) flies which are heterozygous for this N allele (i.e. Nn genotypes). (4) (b) State the proportion of the normal phenotypes which would be true breeding. (1) three normal to one ebony. n ...
Other Blood Group Systems
... I antigens These antigens may be I or i They form on the precursor chain of RBC Newborns have i antigen Adults have I antigen i antigen (linear) converts to I (branched) as the child matures (precursor chain is more linear at birth) at about 18 months ...
... I antigens These antigens may be I or i They form on the precursor chain of RBC Newborns have i antigen Adults have I antigen i antigen (linear) converts to I (branched) as the child matures (precursor chain is more linear at birth) at about 18 months ...
11–3 Exploring Mendelian Genetics
... Multiple Alleles Many genes have more than two alleles and are therefore said to have multiple alleles. This does not mean that an individual can have more than two alleles. It only means that more than two possible alleles exist in a population. One of the best-known examples is coat color in rabbi ...
... Multiple Alleles Many genes have more than two alleles and are therefore said to have multiple alleles. This does not mean that an individual can have more than two alleles. It only means that more than two possible alleles exist in a population. One of the best-known examples is coat color in rabbi ...
Mendelian Genetics
... He studied at the University of Vienna from 1851 to 1853, where he was influenced by a physicist who encouraged experimentation and the application of mathematics to science and by a botanist who stimulated Mendel’s interest in the causes of variation in plants. ...
... He studied at the University of Vienna from 1851 to 1853, where he was influenced by a physicist who encouraged experimentation and the application of mathematics to science and by a botanist who stimulated Mendel’s interest in the causes of variation in plants. ...
Heredity Notes
... – Controlled by genes (sections of chromosomes) Each chromosome will have a gene for each trait. (A few exceptions.) Because chromosomes are in pairs, genes for traits are in pairs. The type of genes an organism has for a trait is called the genotype. To make the physical appearance, genes work toge ...
... – Controlled by genes (sections of chromosomes) Each chromosome will have a gene for each trait. (A few exceptions.) Because chromosomes are in pairs, genes for traits are in pairs. The type of genes an organism has for a trait is called the genotype. To make the physical appearance, genes work toge ...
The Evolution of the Major Histocompatibility Complex \(MHC\)
... recognize and bind peptides. These peptides are displayed on the cell surface to Tcells which initiate an immune response if the peptides are not recognized as self. (link) Phenomenon: The MHC has three paralogous regions in the human and other genomes. What and when is their origin? Hypothesis: The ...
... recognize and bind peptides. These peptides are displayed on the cell surface to Tcells which initiate an immune response if the peptides are not recognized as self. (link) Phenomenon: The MHC has three paralogous regions in the human and other genomes. What and when is their origin? Hypothesis: The ...
Unit 7, Part 2 Notes: More Complex Patterns of Inheritance
... Occasionally, you may see an example where one allele is represented with a capital letter, and the other allele is represented with a lowercase letter (ex: “S” for straight hair and “s” for curly hair). Using a capital and lowercase letter isn’t very accurate, however, because it implies that one a ...
... Occasionally, you may see an example where one allele is represented with a capital letter, and the other allele is represented with a lowercase letter (ex: “S” for straight hair and “s” for curly hair). Using a capital and lowercase letter isn’t very accurate, however, because it implies that one a ...
Genetics Study Guide
... include; Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, colorblindness, and hemophilia. Memorize that these are sex-linked traits that are found on the X chromosome. All conditions are recessive – requiring 2 alleles for inheritance in females and only one in males because the chromosomes are not homologous. Draw the ...
... include; Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, colorblindness, and hemophilia. Memorize that these are sex-linked traits that are found on the X chromosome. All conditions are recessive – requiring 2 alleles for inheritance in females and only one in males because the chromosomes are not homologous. Draw the ...
IJBT 11(2) 220-223
... antigens by recognizing them as not of their own. MHC class II molecules are of different kinds, where DQ and DR subtypes are the most polymorphic both in human and domestic species, and probably play a major role in the development of MHC restricted immune response1. The most polymorphic among the ...
... antigens by recognizing them as not of their own. MHC class II molecules are of different kinds, where DQ and DR subtypes are the most polymorphic both in human and domestic species, and probably play a major role in the development of MHC restricted immune response1. The most polymorphic among the ...
Lab - Population Genetics and Evolution
... survive to reproduce. For this simulation you will assume that the homozygous recessive individuals never survive. Heterozygous and homozygous dominant individuals always survive. The procedure is similar to that for Case 1. Start again with your initial genotype, and produce your "offspring" as in ...
... survive to reproduce. For this simulation you will assume that the homozygous recessive individuals never survive. Heterozygous and homozygous dominant individuals always survive. The procedure is similar to that for Case 1. Start again with your initial genotype, and produce your "offspring" as in ...
Procedure - Peevyhouse
... Number of “A” Alleles Present at the Fifth Generation Number of genotype AA __________ x 2 = __________ A alleles Number of genotype Aa __________ x 1 = __________ A alleles Total= __________ A alleles p= ...
... Number of “A” Alleles Present at the Fifth Generation Number of genotype AA __________ x 2 = __________ A alleles Number of genotype Aa __________ x 1 = __________ A alleles Total= __________ A alleles p= ...
Chapter 10 and 13
... Use the following steps as a general guide to solve this and other problems: 1. Select a letter to represent the gene involved • Use upper case for the dominant allele, lower case for the recessive allele. 2. Write the genotypes of the parents. 3. Determine all possible gametes for each parent. • Al ...
... Use the following steps as a general guide to solve this and other problems: 1. Select a letter to represent the gene involved • Use upper case for the dominant allele, lower case for the recessive allele. 2. Write the genotypes of the parents. 3. Determine all possible gametes for each parent. • Al ...
M261 MHC class I antigen presentation April 17, 2000
... MHC class II molecules present antigens taken up by the cell through endocytosis. MHC polypeptides (a and b) are synthesized on ER and are chaperoned to a specialized antigen loading compartment by invariant chain (Ii); invariant chain serves two purposes, it functions as a chaperone and occupies th ...
... MHC class II molecules present antigens taken up by the cell through endocytosis. MHC polypeptides (a and b) are synthesized on ER and are chaperoned to a specialized antigen loading compartment by invariant chain (Ii); invariant chain serves two purposes, it functions as a chaperone and occupies th ...
Severe, Late-onset Graft-Versus-Host Disease in a Liver Transplant
... transplantation that had first manifested at approximately 3 and 4 months after transplantation, respectively. For these patients, only about 3% donor cells were detected in the PB, and both patients responded to temporary discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy. Dunn et al. [3] described anoth ...
... transplantation that had first manifested at approximately 3 and 4 months after transplantation, respectively. For these patients, only about 3% donor cells were detected in the PB, and both patients responded to temporary discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy. Dunn et al. [3] described anoth ...
Human leukocyte antigen
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is the locus of genes that encode for proteins on the surface of cells that are responsible for regulation of the immune system in humans. This group of genes resides on chromosome 6 (exception: the gene for β2-microglobulin which is located on chromosome 15), and encodes cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins and has many other functions. The HLA genes are the human versions of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes that are found in most vertebrates (and thus are the most studied of the MHC genes). The proteins encoded by certain genes are also known as antigens, as a result of their historic discovery as factors in organ transplants. The major HLAs are essential elements for immune function. Different classes have different functions:HLAs corresponding to MHC class I (A, B, and C) present peptides from inside the cell. For example, if the cell is infected by a virus, the HLA system brings fragments of the virus to the surface of the cell so that the cell can be destroyed by the immune system. These peptides are produced from digested proteins that are broken down in the proteasomes. In general, these particular peptides are small polymers, about 9 amino acids in length. Foreign antigens presented by MHC class I attract killer T-cells (also called CD8 positive- or cytotoxic T-cells) that destroy cells.HLAs corresponding to MHC class II (DP, DM, DOA, DOB, DQ, and DR) present antigens from outside of the cell to T-lymphocytes. These particular antigens stimulate the multiplication of T-helper cells, which in turn stimulate antibody-producing B-cells to produce antibodies to that specific antigen. Self-antigens are suppressed by regulatory T cells.HLAs corresponding to MHC class III encode components of the complement system.HLAs have other roles. They are important in disease defense. They are the major cause of organ transplant rejections. They may protect against or fail to protect (if down-regulated by an infection) against cancers. Mutations in HLA may be linked to autoimmune disease (examples: type I diabetes, coeliac disease). HLA may also be related to people's perception of the odor of other people, and may be involved in mate selection, as at least one study found a lower-than-expected rate of HLA similarity between spouses in an isolated community.Aside from the genes encoding the 6 major antigen-presenting proteins, there are a large number of other genes, many involved in immune function, located on the HLA complex. Diversity of HLAs in the human population is one aspect of disease defense, and, as a result, the chance of two unrelated individuals with identical HLA molecules on all loci is very low. HLA genes have historically been identified as a result of the ability to successfully transplant organs between HLA-similar individuals.