Lymphatic System
... T Cells and Cell-Mediated Immunity *T cells respond to antigens by cell-to-cell contact *T cells secrete & synthesize polypeptides called cytokines to enhance other cell responses to antigens *cytokine – a type of protein that is secreted by T lymphocytes that attacks viruses, virally infected cells ...
... T Cells and Cell-Mediated Immunity *T cells respond to antigens by cell-to-cell contact *T cells secrete & synthesize polypeptides called cytokines to enhance other cell responses to antigens *cytokine – a type of protein that is secreted by T lymphocytes that attacks viruses, virally infected cells ...
MHC molecules, antigen presentation
... exchange the bound peptide. The significance of this process is to prevent the binding of extracellular peptides to MHC I molecules. Should such event happen, healthy cells near the site of infection could become the targets of cytotoxic effector cells. When T cells recognize peptides of foreign or ...
... exchange the bound peptide. The significance of this process is to prevent the binding of extracellular peptides to MHC I molecules. Should such event happen, healthy cells near the site of infection could become the targets of cytotoxic effector cells. When T cells recognize peptides of foreign or ...
immune system
... Autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system has trouble telling self from non-self. In rheumatoid arthritis, for example, immune cells attack cells in the patient’s own joints, causing pain and inflammation. Allergies are caused by overreactions to foreign proteins known as allergens. For exa ...
... Autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system has trouble telling self from non-self. In rheumatoid arthritis, for example, immune cells attack cells in the patient’s own joints, causing pain and inflammation. Allergies are caused by overreactions to foreign proteins known as allergens. For exa ...
IFN-induced response
... IFN-γ and IL-12, triggers growth of B cells, and inhibits growth of dendritic cells. BARF-1 has homology with receptor for colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1R), and inhibits proliferation of macrophages. Virus protein EBNA 1 with unknown cell homologue inhibits presentation of antigen. -herpesviruse ...
... IFN-γ and IL-12, triggers growth of B cells, and inhibits growth of dendritic cells. BARF-1 has homology with receptor for colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1R), and inhibits proliferation of macrophages. Virus protein EBNA 1 with unknown cell homologue inhibits presentation of antigen. -herpesviruse ...
infectious mononucleosis – diagnostic potentials
... The test gives false negative result with children or during the first week of the disease. False positive samples can be observed with lymphoma, system lupus, HIV and other virus infections. There exist express tests (Monospot test) to prove heterophilic antibodies that become positive with 80%-90% ...
... The test gives false negative result with children or during the first week of the disease. False positive samples can be observed with lymphoma, system lupus, HIV and other virus infections. There exist express tests (Monospot test) to prove heterophilic antibodies that become positive with 80%-90% ...
panace@ 20.indd
... antigen receptor and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the T cell surface that participate in cognitive, activation, and effector functions of T lymphocyte responsiveness. Many of these molecules increase the adhesion of T cells to other cells, promoting optimal interaction between T hel ...
... antigen receptor and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the T cell surface that participate in cognitive, activation, and effector functions of T lymphocyte responsiveness. Many of these molecules increase the adhesion of T cells to other cells, promoting optimal interaction between T hel ...
Ch 1 section headings and legends
... Natural barriers. These stop infectious agents entering the host or provide a hostile environment. Physical barriers to infection include the epithelia of the skin, lung and airways, and the gastro-intestinal and urogenital tracts. Cells in these barriers may also secrete agents that kill infectious ...
... Natural barriers. These stop infectious agents entering the host or provide a hostile environment. Physical barriers to infection include the epithelia of the skin, lung and airways, and the gastro-intestinal and urogenital tracts. Cells in these barriers may also secrete agents that kill infectious ...
lec1-host parasite r..
... Lysozyme: Basic protein found in microphage (PMN) as well as most tissue fluids except CSF, sweet and urine. It destroys the cell wall of bacteria. Interferons(IFN): C-reactive protein (CRP): Measure of inflammation produced in liver in response to inflammatory chemicals. ...
... Lysozyme: Basic protein found in microphage (PMN) as well as most tissue fluids except CSF, sweet and urine. It destroys the cell wall of bacteria. Interferons(IFN): C-reactive protein (CRP): Measure of inflammation produced in liver in response to inflammatory chemicals. ...
Immunology - Chapter..
... There are tissue specific “fixed” macrophages and “free” macrophages ...
... There are tissue specific “fixed” macrophages and “free” macrophages ...
Leonie Hussaarts Department of Parasitology, Leiden
... used Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA) and omega-1, which is a single molecule recently identified as the major component in SEA responsible for Th2 skewing. Importantly, in contrast to rapamycin, neither SEA nor omega-1 reduced the phosphorylation of mTOR’s downstream targets P70S6 kina ...
... used Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA) and omega-1, which is a single molecule recently identified as the major component in SEA responsible for Th2 skewing. Importantly, in contrast to rapamycin, neither SEA nor omega-1 reduced the phosphorylation of mTOR’s downstream targets P70S6 kina ...
Summary of Research
... inflammatory and allergic conditions has not changed in the light of these new discoveries. However, a greater understanding of the immune system and how it is controlled by two unique subsets of CD4 lymphocytes (TH1 versus TH2) has led to the re-classification of certain types of disorders into spe ...
... inflammatory and allergic conditions has not changed in the light of these new discoveries. However, a greater understanding of the immune system and how it is controlled by two unique subsets of CD4 lymphocytes (TH1 versus TH2) has led to the re-classification of certain types of disorders into spe ...
Document
... different developmental and differential phases, activation or inactivation process of blood cells. ...
... different developmental and differential phases, activation or inactivation process of blood cells. ...
View Full Text-PDF
... Cancer patients are at the highest risk of such exposure. We present a 50 year old male diagnosed as bladder carcinoma receiving regular inpatient cycles of chemotherapy at Radiotherapy ward of JNMC in close vicinity to MDR TB ward. He developed cough and two episodes of hemoptysis. Sputum examinati ...
... Cancer patients are at the highest risk of such exposure. We present a 50 year old male diagnosed as bladder carcinoma receiving regular inpatient cycles of chemotherapy at Radiotherapy ward of JNMC in close vicinity to MDR TB ward. He developed cough and two episodes of hemoptysis. Sputum examinati ...
Suggested Intervals between Administration of Antibody-Containing Products and Measles-Containing and Varicella-Containing Vaccines (adopted from the ACIP General Recommendations, 2006, Table 4) (PDF)
... every effort to obtain and administer VariZIG. In situations in which administration of VariZIG does not appear possible within 96 hours of exposure, administration of immune globulin intravenous (IGIV) should be considered as an alternative. IGIV also should be administered within 96 hours of expo ...
... every effort to obtain and administer VariZIG. In situations in which administration of VariZIG does not appear possible within 96 hours of exposure, administration of immune globulin intravenous (IGIV) should be considered as an alternative. IGIV also should be administered within 96 hours of expo ...
Assessing the Impact of Microgravity on the Innate Immune System
... suggest that the activation of the host innate immune response is delayed and lower in microgravity conditions. Approach: Examine changes in NF-B pathway using quantitative real time PCR. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-B) pathway is found in almost all anima ...
... suggest that the activation of the host innate immune response is delayed and lower in microgravity conditions. Approach: Examine changes in NF-B pathway using quantitative real time PCR. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-B) pathway is found in almost all anima ...
Course 24: Psychoneuroimmunology and neuroendocrinimmunology
... and is indeed influenced in a number of ways by "non-immunologic" cues. While we recognize that modern science seeks causal explanations for phenomena, we should be alert to the fact that while those explanations may not be forthcoming in our lifetime, the phenomena may yet be no less real. Psychone ...
... and is indeed influenced in a number of ways by "non-immunologic" cues. While we recognize that modern science seeks causal explanations for phenomena, we should be alert to the fact that while those explanations may not be forthcoming in our lifetime, the phenomena may yet be no less real. Psychone ...
Periodontal Disease and Cancer
... mechanisms that might lead to, or mediate, the relationship between obesity and tumor risk," she said. Rogers and co-workers at NCI and at the University of Texas compared the immune system function of lean, overweight and obese mice. They created lean mice by slightly restricting their diets and wa ...
... mechanisms that might lead to, or mediate, the relationship between obesity and tumor risk," she said. Rogers and co-workers at NCI and at the University of Texas compared the immune system function of lean, overweight and obese mice. They created lean mice by slightly restricting their diets and wa ...
Bacterial Pathogenesis I
... 1. The alternative pathway (factor B) by many microbial surfaces. (Extracellular pathogens generally inhibit this pathway.) 2. The classical pathway (C1q) by IgG and IgM antibody bond to pathogen surfaces. 3. The mannose pathway, where mannose is exposed on the bacterial surface. b. C3 activation an ...
... 1. The alternative pathway (factor B) by many microbial surfaces. (Extracellular pathogens generally inhibit this pathway.) 2. The classical pathway (C1q) by IgG and IgM antibody bond to pathogen surfaces. 3. The mannose pathway, where mannose is exposed on the bacterial surface. b. C3 activation an ...
Slide 1
... • Hapten/prohapten concept – The hapten-carrier complex (e.g. penicillin covalently bound to albumin) leads to formation of neoantigens: these will be recognized by the immune system (haptenspecific Ig on B-cells and by T-cells) – The binding of haptens to cellular structures may be associated with ...
... • Hapten/prohapten concept – The hapten-carrier complex (e.g. penicillin covalently bound to albumin) leads to formation of neoantigens: these will be recognized by the immune system (haptenspecific Ig on B-cells and by T-cells) – The binding of haptens to cellular structures may be associated with ...
BLOOD
... Rapid death (within a few months). 4. Chronic leukemia begins slowly and may not be detected for months. Life expectancy is 3 years if not treated. If treated, 50-80% go into remission. ...
... Rapid death (within a few months). 4. Chronic leukemia begins slowly and may not be detected for months. Life expectancy is 3 years if not treated. If treated, 50-80% go into remission. ...
免疫与感染性疾病( Immunity and infectious diseases )
... more responsible for infection diseases. immunity possesses specificity • Active immunity: The form of immunity that is induced by exposure to a foreign antigen, in which the immunized individual plays an active role in responding to the antigen • Passive immunity :The form of immunity that is estab ...
... more responsible for infection diseases. immunity possesses specificity • Active immunity: The form of immunity that is induced by exposure to a foreign antigen, in which the immunized individual plays an active role in responding to the antigen • Passive immunity :The form of immunity that is estab ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.