Microbes, Brain and Behaviour
... Pain –related behavior – nociceptive nerve fibre projections and connetions in the CNS. Induced by IL 1β and IFN -γ ...
... Pain –related behavior – nociceptive nerve fibre projections and connetions in the CNS. Induced by IL 1β and IFN -γ ...
ducing antibodies with a slightly different configuration at the antigen-
... them to bind to host cells. If they react with the right epitope, antibodies can prevent the binding of viruses,15 toxins,16 or bacteria.17 As an example, antibodies to bacterial endotoxins reduce lethality in animal models18 and ameliorate gram-negative bacteremia in humans.19 The challenge for vac ...
... them to bind to host cells. If they react with the right epitope, antibodies can prevent the binding of viruses,15 toxins,16 or bacteria.17 As an example, antibodies to bacterial endotoxins reduce lethality in animal models18 and ameliorate gram-negative bacteremia in humans.19 The challenge for vac ...
Lecture 1- Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease
... • Rheumatic fever affect the peri-arteriolar connective tissue • It is believed to be caused by antibody crossreactivity • This cross-reactivity is a Type II hypersensitivity reaction and is termed molecular mimicry ...
... • Rheumatic fever affect the peri-arteriolar connective tissue • It is believed to be caused by antibody crossreactivity • This cross-reactivity is a Type II hypersensitivity reaction and is termed molecular mimicry ...
lecture 1 - Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease (2013).
... • Rheumatic fever affect the peri-arteriolar connective tissue • It is believed to be caused by antibody crossreactivity • This cross-reactivity is a Type II hypersensitivity reaction and is termed molecular mimicry ...
... • Rheumatic fever affect the peri-arteriolar connective tissue • It is believed to be caused by antibody crossreactivity • This cross-reactivity is a Type II hypersensitivity reaction and is termed molecular mimicry ...
23_ClickerQuestionsPRS
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
T cell subsets and T cell-mediated immunity
... understood, they are considered to be a relatively primitive part of the innate T cell response and will not be reviewed in this chapter. αβTCR T cells are subdivided into several groups on the basis of lineage markers and functional activities. Two major surface co-receptor molecules, CD4 and CD8, ...
... understood, they are considered to be a relatively primitive part of the innate T cell response and will not be reviewed in this chapter. αβTCR T cells are subdivided into several groups on the basis of lineage markers and functional activities. Two major surface co-receptor molecules, CD4 and CD8, ...
Understanding the Immune System
... turn certain immune cell types on and off. One cytokine, interleukin 2 (IL-2), triggers the immune system to produce T cells. IL-2’s immunity-boosting properties have traditionally made it a promising treatment for several illnesses. Clinical studies are underway to test its benefits in diseases suc ...
... turn certain immune cell types on and off. One cytokine, interleukin 2 (IL-2), triggers the immune system to produce T cells. IL-2’s immunity-boosting properties have traditionally made it a promising treatment for several illnesses. Clinical studies are underway to test its benefits in diseases suc ...
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... which serum was obtained. ELISA was used to estimate serum levels of GM-CSF and IL-1 , whereas single radial immunodiffusion assay was used to estimate serum levels of C3 and C4. Only GM-CSF had elevated non-significant mean value in HCV patients compared to control. The three other parameters had l ...
... which serum was obtained. ELISA was used to estimate serum levels of GM-CSF and IL-1 , whereas single radial immunodiffusion assay was used to estimate serum levels of C3 and C4. Only GM-CSF had elevated non-significant mean value in HCV patients compared to control. The three other parameters had l ...
Powerpoint - Dinman, Jonathan D.
... National Cancer Institute*, Bethesda, Maryland *The views expressed in this talk are my own and do not necessarily represent the views of the NCI *I receive royalties from inventions related to HPV vaccines ...
... National Cancer Institute*, Bethesda, Maryland *The views expressed in this talk are my own and do not necessarily represent the views of the NCI *I receive royalties from inventions related to HPV vaccines ...
Acute inflammation
... • In situ immunocomplex formation • Antigens: exogenous- bacteria, viry, protozoa, drugs (heroin) autoantigens: tumour cells, DNA, RNA, ribosomes, immunoglobulins ...
... • In situ immunocomplex formation • Antigens: exogenous- bacteria, viry, protozoa, drugs (heroin) autoantigens: tumour cells, DNA, RNA, ribosomes, immunoglobulins ...
Block 1 * Foundations + Immunology + Infectious Diseases
... INTRODUCTION TO PERI PHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ...
... INTRODUCTION TO PERI PHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ...
5 Clinical Experience with Medical Devices
... The differentiation between direct toxicity and toxicity due to an immune response to a compound is to a certain extent artificial. Some compounds can exert a direct toxic action on the immune system as well as inducing a specific immune response. In animals, heavy metals, for example mercury, manif ...
... The differentiation between direct toxicity and toxicity due to an immune response to a compound is to a certain extent artificial. Some compounds can exert a direct toxic action on the immune system as well as inducing a specific immune response. In animals, heavy metals, for example mercury, manif ...
Quantitative analysis of lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation
... Isotype switching is linked to cell division B lymphocytes can be activated by T-dependent (TD) or T-independent (TI) protocols in vitro by the use of CD40L or LPS, respectively. B lymphocytes initially express IgM and IgD as antigen receptors, but may switch to another isotype during an immune resp ...
... Isotype switching is linked to cell division B lymphocytes can be activated by T-dependent (TD) or T-independent (TI) protocols in vitro by the use of CD40L or LPS, respectively. B lymphocytes initially express IgM and IgD as antigen receptors, but may switch to another isotype during an immune resp ...
Signalling and transcriptional regulation in biology and disease
... extracellular stimuli are transmitted into nuclear responses [6]. The extracellular-regulated MAPK (ERK) pathway responds to mitogenic stimuli, whereas the p38 and c-jun N-terminal kinase pathways are activated by cellular stresses. Upon reaching the nucleus, the terminal MAPKs in these cascades pho ...
... extracellular stimuli are transmitted into nuclear responses [6]. The extracellular-regulated MAPK (ERK) pathway responds to mitogenic stimuli, whereas the p38 and c-jun N-terminal kinase pathways are activated by cellular stresses. Upon reaching the nucleus, the terminal MAPKs in these cascades pho ...
Antibody-Directed Phototherapy (ADP)
... 1.3. Antibody-Directed Phototherapy (ADP) Many academic and industrial researchers including ourselves, are developing ‘Antibody-Directed Phototherapy (ADP)’. ADP is a form of ADC technology utilising antibody conjugation to deliver photosensitisers (PS) to the tumour via tumour-associated cell rece ...
... 1.3. Antibody-Directed Phototherapy (ADP) Many academic and industrial researchers including ourselves, are developing ‘Antibody-Directed Phototherapy (ADP)’. ADP is a form of ADC technology utilising antibody conjugation to deliver photosensitisers (PS) to the tumour via tumour-associated cell rece ...
Diapositive 1 - طلاب المختبرات
... Myeloma cells in the bone marrow cause osteolytic lesions, which appear as “holes” on an x-ray. Weakened bones increase the risk of fractures, as shown in this x-ray of a forearm. DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 5th ed. 1997:2350. Adapted wit ...
... Myeloma cells in the bone marrow cause osteolytic lesions, which appear as “holes” on an x-ray. Weakened bones increase the risk of fractures, as shown in this x-ray of a forearm. DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 5th ed. 1997:2350. Adapted wit ...
03.Lecture (3) Lymphoid system Hazem KSU 2008
... A. Immunoglobulin ( Chiefly IgM ) 1. It is the primary surface marker on the B - cell membrane 2. Surface IgM (sIgM) functions as antigen recognition site that binds specific epitopes 3. Binding initiates activation , proliferation ...
... A. Immunoglobulin ( Chiefly IgM ) 1. It is the primary surface marker on the B - cell membrane 2. Surface IgM (sIgM) functions as antigen recognition site that binds specific epitopes 3. Binding initiates activation , proliferation ...
Blood clot - Jordan High School
... 11-4: ABO Blood Types • Surface antigens trigger immune response • Presence/absence of antigens determines blood type – Type A—antigen A only – Type B—antigen B only – Type AB—antigens A & B – Type O—no antigens – Rh positive—Rh antigen present – Rh negative—Rh antigen absent ...
... 11-4: ABO Blood Types • Surface antigens trigger immune response • Presence/absence of antigens determines blood type – Type A—antigen A only – Type B—antigen B only – Type AB—antigens A & B – Type O—no antigens – Rh positive—Rh antigen present – Rh negative—Rh antigen absent ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.