Innate or Adaptive Immunity? The Example of Natural Killer Cells
... Fig. 2. NK cell receptors. NK cells express many cell surface receptors that can be sentation to CD8+ cytotoxic T IFN-g, and are not dependent grouped into activating (green), inhibitory (red), adhesion (blue), cytokine (black) on IL-15 for their development cells (13) (Fig. 1). Although NK and chem ...
... Fig. 2. NK cell receptors. NK cells express many cell surface receptors that can be sentation to CD8+ cytotoxic T IFN-g, and are not dependent grouped into activating (green), inhibitory (red), adhesion (blue), cytokine (black) on IL-15 for their development cells (13) (Fig. 1). Although NK and chem ...
autoimmune diseases
... - external (infection, stress by activation of neuroendocrinal axis and hormonal dysbalance, drug and ionization through modification of autoantigens) ...
... - external (infection, stress by activation of neuroendocrinal axis and hormonal dysbalance, drug and ionization through modification of autoantigens) ...
autoimmune diseases
... - external (infection, stress by activation of neuroendocrinal axis and hormonal dysbalance, drug and ionization through modification of autoantigens) ...
... - external (infection, stress by activation of neuroendocrinal axis and hormonal dysbalance, drug and ionization through modification of autoantigens) ...
The role of intestinal microbiota and the immune system
... in aberrant immune responses to innocuous antigens later in the life 31,32 with development of atopic diseases, defined as chronic inflammatory disorders caused by aberrant T-helper 2 (Th2)type immune responses against common innocuous environmental antigens (allergens) in susceptible individual33 ( ...
... in aberrant immune responses to innocuous antigens later in the life 31,32 with development of atopic diseases, defined as chronic inflammatory disorders caused by aberrant T-helper 2 (Th2)type immune responses against common innocuous environmental antigens (allergens) in susceptible individual33 ( ...
Vaccines for Ebola
... system ● Ebola virus has a wide cell tropism. It has the ability to infect a variety of different cell types, but mainly infects cells in the lymphoid tissue, liver and spleen Source: Journal of Virology ...
... system ● Ebola virus has a wide cell tropism. It has the ability to infect a variety of different cell types, but mainly infects cells in the lymphoid tissue, liver and spleen Source: Journal of Virology ...
The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses: Part A
... – Protects against infectious agents and abnormal body cells – Amplifies inflammatory response ...
... – Protects against infectious agents and abnormal body cells – Amplifies inflammatory response ...
Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in patients with chronic heart
... congenital disease when acute infection occurs in pregnancy. Placental contamination is a prerequisite to congenital infection and occurs almost exclusively following primary infection when there is maternal parasitaemia. The infected placenta then acts as a reservoir from which the parasite can spr ...
... congenital disease when acute infection occurs in pregnancy. Placental contamination is a prerequisite to congenital infection and occurs almost exclusively following primary infection when there is maternal parasitaemia. The infected placenta then acts as a reservoir from which the parasite can spr ...
Corporate Presentation
... • Proprietary reformulation of Squalamine into a topical eye drop for increased patient ease of use and a consistent delivery of therapeutic concentrations. • Current approved therapies are delivered via intravitreal injection directly into the eye every month or two. Cost effective manufacture • IV ...
... • Proprietary reformulation of Squalamine into a topical eye drop for increased patient ease of use and a consistent delivery of therapeutic concentrations. • Current approved therapies are delivered via intravitreal injection directly into the eye every month or two. Cost effective manufacture • IV ...
Third generation dendritic cell vaccines for tumor immunotherapy
... Among the various types of antigen presenting cells (APCs), dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to be the most potent because they can efficiently prime naïve T cells during development of T cell-mediated immunity and stimulate adaptive immune responses. Particularly, immature DCs have an exceptiona ...
... Among the various types of antigen presenting cells (APCs), dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to be the most potent because they can efficiently prime naïve T cells during development of T cell-mediated immunity and stimulate adaptive immune responses. Particularly, immature DCs have an exceptiona ...
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils by Cultured Peripheral Blood
... of IFN-g found in cultures of endometrial cells (8, 9). Roles for IFN-g in controlling the growth, differentiation, and immune responsiveness of normal human uterine endometrium have been proposed (8, 10 –12). Despite this, only three studies, two looking at mRNA expression (13, 14) and one staining ...
... of IFN-g found in cultures of endometrial cells (8, 9). Roles for IFN-g in controlling the growth, differentiation, and immune responsiveness of normal human uterine endometrium have been proposed (8, 10 –12). Despite this, only three studies, two looking at mRNA expression (13, 14) and one staining ...
Lymphatic System
... •IgG—can cross the placental barrier and fix complement •IgE—involved in allergies © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... •IgG—can cross the placental barrier and fix complement •IgE—involved in allergies © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
The phenotype of alveolar macrophages ... with immune cells in bronchoalveolar ...
... Membrnne glycoproteins of the integrin family, which are currently being intensively studied on AMs [6-8], are of fundamental importance for the macrophage migration, anchorage, and nonnal effector functions [9]. In particular, ~-integrins (CD11/CD18, leucocyte integrins) and their ligands seem to b ...
... Membrnne glycoproteins of the integrin family, which are currently being intensively studied on AMs [6-8], are of fundamental importance for the macrophage migration, anchorage, and nonnal effector functions [9]. In particular, ~-integrins (CD11/CD18, leucocyte integrins) and their ligands seem to b ...
Slide 1
... encoded by EBV expressed in CFS despite the absence of replicative virus These peptides are known to modulate immune function, inducing pro-inflammatory and Type 2 cytokines Lerner’s group found evidence of a subgroup of CFS patients with incomplete viral expression and cardiac motility abnormal ...
... encoded by EBV expressed in CFS despite the absence of replicative virus These peptides are known to modulate immune function, inducing pro-inflammatory and Type 2 cytokines Lerner’s group found evidence of a subgroup of CFS patients with incomplete viral expression and cardiac motility abnormal ...
AIDS: Definition, Epidemiology, and Etiology
... have been observed. The pattern of infectious complications in AIDS, primarily involving intracellular parasites, is likewise compatible with HTVmediated defects among T lymphocytes and cells of the monocyte lineage. It is clear that HIV can infect several components of the immune system beside the ...
... have been observed. The pattern of infectious complications in AIDS, primarily involving intracellular parasites, is likewise compatible with HTVmediated defects among T lymphocytes and cells of the monocyte lineage. It is clear that HIV can infect several components of the immune system beside the ...
Memory B cells, but not long-lived plasma cells, possess antigen
... T330I DIII mutant relative to the WT DIII protein (P > 0.1). As an independent measure of MBC frequency and specificity, we determined the relative number of virus-specific MBC by flow cytometry. Immune splenocytes were stained for MBC markers (CD19, CCR6, and CD80; Bhattacharya et al., 2007) and DI ...
... T330I DIII mutant relative to the WT DIII protein (P > 0.1). As an independent measure of MBC frequency and specificity, we determined the relative number of virus-specific MBC by flow cytometry. Immune splenocytes were stained for MBC markers (CD19, CCR6, and CD80; Bhattacharya et al., 2007) and DI ...
ImmQuant: a user-friendly tool for inferring immune
... The DCQ algorithm. ImmQuant performs deconvolution using the DCQ algorithm (Altboum et al., 2014). DCQ takes as input (i) a relative expression profile, calculated as the transcription foldchange between two heterogeneous samples; (ii) a reference dataset, consisting of transcriptional signatures of ...
... The DCQ algorithm. ImmQuant performs deconvolution using the DCQ algorithm (Altboum et al., 2014). DCQ takes as input (i) a relative expression profile, calculated as the transcription foldchange between two heterogeneous samples; (ii) a reference dataset, consisting of transcriptional signatures of ...
Assessment of Cytokine mRNA Expression Profiles in Tumor
... Previous studies have shown that these mechanisms down regulate the anti-tumor immunity of the patient. The tumor can directly inhibit the immune cells’ function by deviation of their responses, down regulation of cellular receptors or suppression of their mechanisms of action [13]. Several of these ...
... Previous studies have shown that these mechanisms down regulate the anti-tumor immunity of the patient. The tumor can directly inhibit the immune cells’ function by deviation of their responses, down regulation of cellular receptors or suppression of their mechanisms of action [13]. Several of these ...
Histopathological features of central nervous system in pediatric
... striking inflammatory change was visible in the central nervous system (CNS) of fatal pediatric HFMD cases. There are a few studies all over the world that HFMD virus infection may lead to immune dysfunction. However, studies on local immune response in tissues are scarce. Thus, in this study, we in ...
... striking inflammatory change was visible in the central nervous system (CNS) of fatal pediatric HFMD cases. There are a few studies all over the world that HFMD virus infection may lead to immune dysfunction. However, studies on local immune response in tissues are scarce. Thus, in this study, we in ...
Intestinal Epithelial Cell Regulation of Adaptive Immune Dysfunction
... limiting passage of dietary, bacterial, and viral antigens but also contributes to the maintenance of immune tolerance (6). Previous studies have demonstrated that diet, changes in commensal microbiota, and alterations in intestinal permeability can all modulate autoimmune diabetes in animal models ...
... limiting passage of dietary, bacterial, and viral antigens but also contributes to the maintenance of immune tolerance (6). Previous studies have demonstrated that diet, changes in commensal microbiota, and alterations in intestinal permeability can all modulate autoimmune diabetes in animal models ...
Dendritic cells
... Dendritic cells (DCs) (see footnote) can be found in three types of location within the body. They are present as ‘immature’ cells in peripheral tissues, especially tissues that are exposed to the external environment, including the skin, lungs and intestine. They are also present in lymphoid tissue ...
... Dendritic cells (DCs) (see footnote) can be found in three types of location within the body. They are present as ‘immature’ cells in peripheral tissues, especially tissues that are exposed to the external environment, including the skin, lungs and intestine. They are also present in lymphoid tissue ...
Assessment of Monitored Natural Attenuation for Environmental Restoration at SRS
... • Background Relative Light Units for samples without M. trichosporium were comparable to those of samples containing M. trichosporium. • This may be due to possible strain differences between the M. trichosphorium used in our studies and that used in studies by SRNL. • Alternatively, the antibodies ...
... • Background Relative Light Units for samples without M. trichosporium were comparable to those of samples containing M. trichosporium. • This may be due to possible strain differences between the M. trichosphorium used in our studies and that used in studies by SRNL. • Alternatively, the antibodies ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.