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Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology HST.071
... Human trophoblast DOES NOT EXPRESS classical Class I MHC antigens HLA-A, B, and C highly polymorphic cell surface Non-Classical Class I genes HLA-E, F, and G HLA-G expressed first trimester extravillous cytotrophoblast term chorioamnion first trimester villous mesenchyme Villous trophoblast has more ...
... Human trophoblast DOES NOT EXPRESS classical Class I MHC antigens HLA-A, B, and C highly polymorphic cell surface Non-Classical Class I genes HLA-E, F, and G HLA-G expressed first trimester extravillous cytotrophoblast term chorioamnion first trimester villous mesenchyme Villous trophoblast has more ...
Unique Mission
... findings have led to breakthroughs in the understanding and treatment of viral infections and cancers, and in the development of organ transplant procedures and vaccines. ...
... findings have led to breakthroughs in the understanding and treatment of viral infections and cancers, and in the development of organ transplant procedures and vaccines. ...
for T cell activation A
... activated. CD40 L binds to CD40 on DCs ( this will enhance the activation process by increasing the expression of B-7 on DC----Increase the second signal triggered by CD28 as more and more CD28 on T cells being activated bind to B 7 on DCs (Amplification of the second signal) 6. The first signal wit ...
... activated. CD40 L binds to CD40 on DCs ( this will enhance the activation process by increasing the expression of B-7 on DC----Increase the second signal triggered by CD28 as more and more CD28 on T cells being activated bind to B 7 on DCs (Amplification of the second signal) 6. The first signal wit ...
FasL on human nucleus pulposus cells prevents angiogenesis in
... Abstract: The intervertebral disc is the largest avascular organ in the human body. However, with the progress of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), the disc tends to be vascularized increasingly via angiogenesis. It is well established that both human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and vascular e ...
... Abstract: The intervertebral disc is the largest avascular organ in the human body. However, with the progress of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), the disc tends to be vascularized increasingly via angiogenesis. It is well established that both human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and vascular e ...
Pathology of Lung Transplantation
... • Cytomegalovirus infection • Other lung infections (RSV, parainfluenza, influenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus) • Chemical injury from aspiration with gastroesophageal reflux disease ...
... • Cytomegalovirus infection • Other lung infections (RSV, parainfluenza, influenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus) • Chemical injury from aspiration with gastroesophageal reflux disease ...
age
... finding and therapy with immunosuppressant drugs accelerated AIDS • The paradox of a disease treated with immunosuppression appearing de novo in a profound immune deficiency state was an experiment of nature that eliminated the role of CD4 T cells from the pathogenesis of RS /PsA • It also suggested ...
... finding and therapy with immunosuppressant drugs accelerated AIDS • The paradox of a disease treated with immunosuppression appearing de novo in a profound immune deficiency state was an experiment of nature that eliminated the role of CD4 T cells from the pathogenesis of RS /PsA • It also suggested ...
No Slide Title
... The stress-illness correlation. One or more aspects of personality, physiology, or memory could play the role of a postulated third variable in the relationship between high stress and high incidence of illness. For example, neuroticism may lead some subjects to view more events as stressful and to ...
... The stress-illness correlation. One or more aspects of personality, physiology, or memory could play the role of a postulated third variable in the relationship between high stress and high incidence of illness. For example, neuroticism may lead some subjects to view more events as stressful and to ...
Interferon-gamma deficiency prevents coronary arteriosclerosis but
... teriopathy remain conjectural, they presumably involve multiple factors. For example, immunological differences between host and donor tissues (with resultant cellular and/or humoral immunity) probably contribute to the pathogenesis, although ischemic, infectious, and other etiologies have also been ...
... teriopathy remain conjectural, they presumably involve multiple factors. For example, immunological differences between host and donor tissues (with resultant cellular and/or humoral immunity) probably contribute to the pathogenesis, although ischemic, infectious, and other etiologies have also been ...
Are Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
... disease mediated predominantly by macrophages infiltrating metabolic tissues, such as the liver and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), obesity-associated adipose inflammation has only recently been tagged as having an adaptive immune component (9,10). A recent series of studies showed that, similar to mac ...
... disease mediated predominantly by macrophages infiltrating metabolic tissues, such as the liver and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), obesity-associated adipose inflammation has only recently been tagged as having an adaptive immune component (9,10). A recent series of studies showed that, similar to mac ...
Linköping University Post Print Gene expression profiling of human decidual
... and Th1 cytokines such as TNF and IL-12. On the other hand, macrophages activated by Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 as well as anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 induce a suppressive mode of activation and have been termed alternatively activated macrophages ([2], reviewed in [3,4]). In this reg ...
... and Th1 cytokines such as TNF and IL-12. On the other hand, macrophages activated by Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 as well as anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 induce a suppressive mode of activation and have been termed alternatively activated macrophages ([2], reviewed in [3,4]). In this reg ...
Cytolytic T lymphocytes from HLA-B8 donors ’s lymphoma frequently recognize the Hodgkin
... carcinoma do not express EBNA3s and instead express latent membrane protein 2 (LMP2) as well as LMP1 and EBNA1. Here we describe the new HLA-B8 restricted, LMP2 derived CD8+ T cell epitope, LMP2345-352. Although the frequency of LMP2345-352 specific CD8+ T cells is usually lower than immunodominant ...
... carcinoma do not express EBNA3s and instead express latent membrane protein 2 (LMP2) as well as LMP1 and EBNA1. Here we describe the new HLA-B8 restricted, LMP2 derived CD8+ T cell epitope, LMP2345-352. Although the frequency of LMP2345-352 specific CD8+ T cells is usually lower than immunodominant ...
infected cells expressing H2-D k and CMV - JEM
... However, when infected with MCMV, cells expressing H2-Dk stimulated NKL-Ly49P cells to produce IFN-␥ (Fig. 1 C). Ly49H-expressing NKL (NKL-Ly49H) cells secreted INF-␥ when co-cultured with MCMV-infected cells, irrespective of H2 expression (Fig. 1 D). Therefore, H2-Dk, but not H2-Kk, is necessary fo ...
... However, when infected with MCMV, cells expressing H2-Dk stimulated NKL-Ly49P cells to produce IFN-␥ (Fig. 1 C). Ly49H-expressing NKL (NKL-Ly49H) cells secreted INF-␥ when co-cultured with MCMV-infected cells, irrespective of H2 expression (Fig. 1 D). Therefore, H2-Dk, but not H2-Kk, is necessary fo ...
The presence of cytotoxic autoantibody to lacrimal gland cells
... maturation of B-cells occurs immediately after birth in these animals. 1718 These antibodies were also capable of lysing the lacrimal gland cells obtained from BALB/c mice, an H-2 identical allogeneic strain, suggesting that tissue-associated antigen might be involved as a target. The result of the ...
... maturation of B-cells occurs immediately after birth in these animals. 1718 These antibodies were also capable of lysing the lacrimal gland cells obtained from BALB/c mice, an H-2 identical allogeneic strain, suggesting that tissue-associated antigen might be involved as a target. The result of the ...
Immune response of the small intestinal mucosa in children with
... innate and adaptive immune systems that are connected to each other in order to protect the host. The innate immune system is the first line of defense. It is unspecific and rapid in its protective response. The main function of the innate immune system is to limit early infections, by preventing mi ...
... innate and adaptive immune systems that are connected to each other in order to protect the host. The innate immune system is the first line of defense. It is unspecific and rapid in its protective response. The main function of the innate immune system is to limit early infections, by preventing mi ...
Methods. Anti-LFA-1 mAb was used in a multiple minor
... This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of LFA-1 blockade longitudinally in AR and later CR development since these two responses are closely related. Here, we used multiple minor Ag mismatched heart transplantation because the murine minor H antigen is well characterized, and recently de ...
... This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of LFA-1 blockade longitudinally in AR and later CR development since these two responses are closely related. Here, we used multiple minor Ag mismatched heart transplantation because the murine minor H antigen is well characterized, and recently de ...
7. Oswaldo Hasb n - Bubble Boy Disease
... has a very small thymus and litle or no protecton against infecton. v ...
... has a very small thymus and litle or no protecton against infecton. v ...
The Battle between Leishmania and the Host Immune System at a
... molecule remains the same and facilitates parasite internalization by macrophages. This way of getting an intracellular position is beneficial for parasites since it does not induce the superoxide production29. It was shown that one of the strategies used by L. donovani to assure its own survival is ...
... molecule remains the same and facilitates parasite internalization by macrophages. This way of getting an intracellular position is beneficial for parasites since it does not induce the superoxide production29. It was shown that one of the strategies used by L. donovani to assure its own survival is ...
The Use of Cytotoxic Plant Lectins in Cancer Therapy
... ITs made with ricin A chain are much more specific than those made with native ricin. This advantage, due to the absence of the B chain, is countered by a significant disadvantage-the potency of these ITs is variable and often impredictable. In general, A chain ITs are considerably less toxic than t ...
... ITs made with ricin A chain are much more specific than those made with native ricin. This advantage, due to the absence of the B chain, is countered by a significant disadvantage-the potency of these ITs is variable and often impredictable. In general, A chain ITs are considerably less toxic than t ...
Mechanisms of Disease: the role of intestinal barrier
... a barrier mechanism. Together with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the neuroendocrine network, the intestinal epithelial barrier, with its intercellular tight junctions, controls the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to nonself-antigens. When the finely tuned trafficking of macromole ...
... a barrier mechanism. Together with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the neuroendocrine network, the intestinal epithelial barrier, with its intercellular tight junctions, controls the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to nonself-antigens. When the finely tuned trafficking of macromole ...
B7x/B7-H4 modulates the adaptive immune response and
... Kidney disease is one of the leading causes of death in patients with lupus and other autoimmune diseases affecting the kidney, and is associated with deposition of antibodies as well as infiltration of T lymphocytes and macrophages, which are responsible for initiation and/or exacerbation of inflam ...
... Kidney disease is one of the leading causes of death in patients with lupus and other autoimmune diseases affecting the kidney, and is associated with deposition of antibodies as well as infiltration of T lymphocytes and macrophages, which are responsible for initiation and/or exacerbation of inflam ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... interleukin 6 which is produced predominantly by macrophages during inflammation.31 High serum CRP might reflect a high metastatic potential as inflammatory cytokines in general and CRP in particular are known to promote metastatic spread by stimulating angiogenesis, increasing vascular permeability ...
... interleukin 6 which is produced predominantly by macrophages during inflammation.31 High serum CRP might reflect a high metastatic potential as inflammatory cytokines in general and CRP in particular are known to promote metastatic spread by stimulating angiogenesis, increasing vascular permeability ...
handout
... However, while our understanding of membranous nephropathy continues to evolve, it is apparent that this nephropathy does not fit well into the classification scheme of hypersensitivity diseases (i.e. it is neither a good example of type III nor of type II). Moreover, the different pathways of glome ...
... However, while our understanding of membranous nephropathy continues to evolve, it is apparent that this nephropathy does not fit well into the classification scheme of hypersensitivity diseases (i.e. it is neither a good example of type III nor of type II). Moreover, the different pathways of glome ...
Host defence mechanisms against bacterial aggression in
... The presence of antibodies against periodontal pathogens in the GCF has been demonstrated in patients with periodontitis (Fig.3), with a predominance of IgG1, with a lesser presence of IgG2 and an even lower amount of IgG3 and IgG4. IgA1 and IgA2 are found in advanced lesions (9, 16). Systemic expos ...
... The presence of antibodies against periodontal pathogens in the GCF has been demonstrated in patients with periodontitis (Fig.3), with a predominance of IgG1, with a lesser presence of IgG2 and an even lower amount of IgG3 and IgG4. IgA1 and IgA2 are found in advanced lesions (9, 16). Systemic expos ...
Cancer immunotherapy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peptide_bound_to_Rituximab_FAB.png?width=300)
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.