RIG-ing an antitumor response
... Others include the protein kinase receptor that recognizes double-stranded RNAs longer than 30 nucleotides (and can largely be ignored for siRNA triggering), Toll-like receptors expressed on the cell surface or in endosomes and, possibly, the large family of cytosolic Nod-like receptors. These senso ...
... Others include the protein kinase receptor that recognizes double-stranded RNAs longer than 30 nucleotides (and can largely be ignored for siRNA triggering), Toll-like receptors expressed on the cell surface or in endosomes and, possibly, the large family of cytosolic Nod-like receptors. These senso ...
Cells and Organs Of Lymphoid System
... The spleen composition - two types of tissue: red pulp and the white pulp. The red pulp contains plasma cells, resident macrophages, erythrocytes, platelets, granulocytes and lymphocytes. The white pulp contains the lymphoid tissue clustered around a central arteriole in an arrangement known as a Pe ...
... The spleen composition - two types of tissue: red pulp and the white pulp. The red pulp contains plasma cells, resident macrophages, erythrocytes, platelets, granulocytes and lymphocytes. The white pulp contains the lymphoid tissue clustered around a central arteriole in an arrangement known as a Pe ...
Immune System - Madeira High School
... B cells • Attack, learn & remember pathogens circulating in blood & lymph • Produce specific antibodies against specific antigen • Types of B cells – plasma cells • immediate production of antibodies • rapid response, short term release ...
... B cells • Attack, learn & remember pathogens circulating in blood & lymph • Produce specific antibodies against specific antigen • Types of B cells – plasma cells • immediate production of antibodies • rapid response, short term release ...
Eman Mohamed Ali Hassan_Pathogenesis2
... multiple-step process that requires both stimulation of the TCR and several accessory signals delivered through other cell surface receptors. The sequence of activation events can be termed primary stimulation, costimulation, and mitotic stimulation (diagramed as steps 1, 2, and 3).The initial inter ...
... multiple-step process that requires both stimulation of the TCR and several accessory signals delivered through other cell surface receptors. The sequence of activation events can be termed primary stimulation, costimulation, and mitotic stimulation (diagramed as steps 1, 2, and 3).The initial inter ...
The Danger Model: A Renewed Sense of Self
... alarm signals may be used by many different organisms. Because life evolved in water, any hydrophobic portion (Hyppo) of a given molecule is usually buried in the depths of that molecule, or hidden in the lipid membrane of the cell, and could act as an alarm signal if exposed (34). For example, the ...
... alarm signals may be used by many different organisms. Because life evolved in water, any hydrophobic portion (Hyppo) of a given molecule is usually buried in the depths of that molecule, or hidden in the lipid membrane of the cell, and could act as an alarm signal if exposed (34). For example, the ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
... alkaline compounds, and osmotic lysis http://medicineworld.org/images/blogs/11-2007/mycobacterium-tuberculosis-299290.jpg ...
... alkaline compounds, and osmotic lysis http://medicineworld.org/images/blogs/11-2007/mycobacterium-tuberculosis-299290.jpg ...
Janeway`s Immunology - Cal State LA
... respiratory, intestinal and urogenital tract Express high affinity IgE receptor after activation Can present antigen to T cells Promote TH1 apotosis Two major effector functions – Direct killing via exocytosis – Orchestrating an inflammatory response ...
... respiratory, intestinal and urogenital tract Express high affinity IgE receptor after activation Can present antigen to T cells Promote TH1 apotosis Two major effector functions – Direct killing via exocytosis – Orchestrating an inflammatory response ...
LACZIK_Pharmacology - 3.practice
... Leading causes of death worldwide. About 15 million (>25%) of 57 million annual deaths worldwide are the direct result of infectious disease. Figures published by the World Health Organization (see http://www.who.int/whr/en and ref.7). ...
... Leading causes of death worldwide. About 15 million (>25%) of 57 million annual deaths worldwide are the direct result of infectious disease. Figures published by the World Health Organization (see http://www.who.int/whr/en and ref.7). ...
BS963 (Autoimmunity) 2011
... on the surface of B cells and induce B cell depletion mainly through ADCC, although complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and apoptosis have also been implicated. Anti-CD20–mediated B cell depletion prevents interaction with autoreactive T cells and reduces the amount of circulating autoantibodies ...
... on the surface of B cells and induce B cell depletion mainly through ADCC, although complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and apoptosis have also been implicated. Anti-CD20–mediated B cell depletion prevents interaction with autoreactive T cells and reduces the amount of circulating autoantibodies ...
Weekly schedule of activities and outcomes
... Discuss the mechanisms and consequences of the four primary types of hypersensitive reactions. Describe the principal mediators involved in the four primary types of hypersensitivities. Discuss the timing of the reaction in the types of hypersensitivity reactions. Describe the different mechanism in ...
... Discuss the mechanisms and consequences of the four primary types of hypersensitive reactions. Describe the principal mediators involved in the four primary types of hypersensitivities. Discuss the timing of the reaction in the types of hypersensitivity reactions. Describe the different mechanism in ...
HIV-1 Lifecycle (Assembly and Maturation)
... • HIV life cycle involves transcription of viral RNA into DNA and integration into human genome. • Mutational potential of HIV-1 results in worldwide diversity (subtypes), viral escape from immune response and development of drug resistance. • Viral replication persists throughout infection. • Funda ...
... • HIV life cycle involves transcription of viral RNA into DNA and integration into human genome. • Mutational potential of HIV-1 results in worldwide diversity (subtypes), viral escape from immune response and development of drug resistance. • Viral replication persists throughout infection. • Funda ...
39. Immune system
... called antibody-mediated immunity, meaning that is controlled by antibodies • This represents the third line of defense in the immune system ...
... called antibody-mediated immunity, meaning that is controlled by antibodies • This represents the third line of defense in the immune system ...
The Immune System - University of Arizona
... • Since there is an expanded clone of cells being stimulated the rate of antibody production is also increased during the log phase of antibody production and higher levels are achieved. • Also, since many if not all of the memory B cells will have switched to IgG (IgA or IgE) production, IgG is pro ...
... • Since there is an expanded clone of cells being stimulated the rate of antibody production is also increased during the log phase of antibody production and higher levels are achieved. • Also, since many if not all of the memory B cells will have switched to IgG (IgA or IgE) production, IgG is pro ...
NATIONAL CHENG KUNG UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE
... mature thymocyte enters the circulation and is known as a T cell. It takes about 3 days for a prothymocyte to mature to a T cell. LYMPH NODES: small round- or oval-shaped peripheral of secondary lymphoid organs. They function as a filter to purify lymph and as sites of initiation of the immune respo ...
... mature thymocyte enters the circulation and is known as a T cell. It takes about 3 days for a prothymocyte to mature to a T cell. LYMPH NODES: small round- or oval-shaped peripheral of secondary lymphoid organs. They function as a filter to purify lymph and as sites of initiation of the immune respo ...
Phylogenetic development of adaptive immunity`
... evolution of the thymus and probably also of the lymphoid cells. The cellular changes of adaptive immunity are of extraordinary specificity, induced by very minor antigenic differences, and include both cellular proliferation and specific protein synthesis. Their most characteristic expression is im ...
... evolution of the thymus and probably also of the lymphoid cells. The cellular changes of adaptive immunity are of extraordinary specificity, induced by very minor antigenic differences, and include both cellular proliferation and specific protein synthesis. Their most characteristic expression is im ...
The Human Defence System
... B-cells • B-cell comes into contact with its specific antigen • It divides to produce identical B cells • These B-cells are called Plasma cells • These produce large numbers of the required antibody • Plasma cells only live a few days but produce 2000 antibody molecules per second ...
... B-cells • B-cell comes into contact with its specific antigen • It divides to produce identical B cells • These B-cells are called Plasma cells • These produce large numbers of the required antibody • Plasma cells only live a few days but produce 2000 antibody molecules per second ...
Document
... secreting toxic substances or by competing with pathogenic bacteria for nutrients or attachment to cell surfaces ...
... secreting toxic substances or by competing with pathogenic bacteria for nutrients or attachment to cell surfaces ...
Ecological Developmental Biology: Integrating Epigenetics, Medicine
... learning about or reviewing immunological concepts could benefit from reading it. The first half of the book primarily focuses on the major components of the adaptive immune system: B cells and T cells. Simple schematics illustrate the development of these cells and their actions in an immune respon ...
... learning about or reviewing immunological concepts could benefit from reading it. The first half of the book primarily focuses on the major components of the adaptive immune system: B cells and T cells. Simple schematics illustrate the development of these cells and their actions in an immune respon ...
Endocrine System Introduction
... Controls rate of metabolism and tissue maturation Regulates ion concentrations in the blood Water balance in the blood Controls the production of immune cells Controls blood glucose levels Controls the development and functions of the reproductive system ...
... Controls rate of metabolism and tissue maturation Regulates ion concentrations in the blood Water balance in the blood Controls the production of immune cells Controls blood glucose levels Controls the development and functions of the reproductive system ...
2012 Cellular imaging at 3 T
... Cellular imaging at 3 T: Detecting Cells in Inflammation using Active Labeling with Super paramagnetic Iron oxide Azhar Hosein Faraz Medical Biophysics Western University Robarts Research Institute Under supervision of: Dr. Paula Foster ...
... Cellular imaging at 3 T: Detecting Cells in Inflammation using Active Labeling with Super paramagnetic Iron oxide Azhar Hosein Faraz Medical Biophysics Western University Robarts Research Institute Under supervision of: Dr. Paula Foster ...
B Cells
... antigen-specific B cells to produce antibodies, which can neutralize and help eliminate organisms from the body • Some of the antigen-specific T and B cells that are activated to rid the body of infectious organisms become long-lived "memory" cells. Memory cells have the capacity to act quickly when ...
... antigen-specific B cells to produce antibodies, which can neutralize and help eliminate organisms from the body • Some of the antigen-specific T and B cells that are activated to rid the body of infectious organisms become long-lived "memory" cells. Memory cells have the capacity to act quickly when ...
Chapter 16 Supplement
... _______________ are antigenic only when they are coupled with large carrier molecules such as proteins. ...
... _______________ are antigenic only when they are coupled with large carrier molecules such as proteins. ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.