Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
... activated macrophages (M2-polarized) generated by exposure to interleukin 4 (IL-4)/IL-13. In addition, it is known that regulatory monocytes and macrophages that produce IL-10 or transforming growth factor-b are generated in response to glucocorticoids or interferon-g alone.8,9 Advances in our under ...
... activated macrophages (M2-polarized) generated by exposure to interleukin 4 (IL-4)/IL-13. In addition, it is known that regulatory monocytes and macrophages that produce IL-10 or transforming growth factor-b are generated in response to glucocorticoids or interferon-g alone.8,9 Advances in our under ...
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online TITLE New
... exists mainly in vascular endothelial cells while iNOS exists mainly in the cytoplasm of some inflammatory cells, such as white blood cells associated with diseases characterized by inflammation, tumors, and degeneration. NOS not only appears in soluble cytoplasm but also in some subcellular organel ...
... exists mainly in vascular endothelial cells while iNOS exists mainly in the cytoplasm of some inflammatory cells, such as white blood cells associated with diseases characterized by inflammation, tumors, and degeneration. NOS not only appears in soluble cytoplasm but also in some subcellular organel ...
study of the anti – pregnancy
... body of laboratory animals and was processed in the Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs), then presented to the receptors of the T cells, connected by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II. APCs produce and release cytokinine, stimulating the T cells to proliferate and differentiate. Then ...
... body of laboratory animals and was processed in the Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs), then presented to the receptors of the T cells, connected by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II. APCs produce and release cytokinine, stimulating the T cells to proliferate and differentiate. Then ...
Testing the Effect of Changing Heat Shock Protein 90:
... In the lymph nodes, the APCs take the peptides that were associated with HSPs and re-represent them on the cell surface. Specialized immune cells called T cells “see” these peptides and are then programmed to seek out the cells bearing these specific, abnormal peptides. Because every person and ever ...
... In the lymph nodes, the APCs take the peptides that were associated with HSPs and re-represent them on the cell surface. Specialized immune cells called T cells “see” these peptides and are then programmed to seek out the cells bearing these specific, abnormal peptides. Because every person and ever ...
Immunology taught by bacteria.
... of flagellin-deficient L. pneumophila mutants, or Naip5/Ipaf knockout mice, has little effect on the transcriptional responses made specifically to virulent L. pneumophila. For example, one prominent transcriptional response to L. pneumophila involves the induction of the cytokine interferon-β. This ...
... of flagellin-deficient L. pneumophila mutants, or Naip5/Ipaf knockout mice, has little effect on the transcriptional responses made specifically to virulent L. pneumophila. For example, one prominent transcriptional response to L. pneumophila involves the induction of the cytokine interferon-β. This ...
UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA FACULTAD DE BIOLOGÍA
... There is considerable interaction between Ly and phagocytes (Male and Roitt, 1996). For example, some phagocytes capture and degrade antigens and present them to T cells attached to the surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in a form suitable for them to recognize. This process is called an ...
... There is considerable interaction between Ly and phagocytes (Male and Roitt, 1996). For example, some phagocytes capture and degrade antigens and present them to T cells attached to the surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in a form suitable for them to recognize. This process is called an ...
The Hematologic System as a Marker of Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis
... Once known by the misnomer “anemia of chronic disease,” this syndrome may occur within days of the initial insult.46 The pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation is complex and includes reduced production of erythropoietin, impaired bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and decreased red blood ce ...
... Once known by the misnomer “anemia of chronic disease,” this syndrome may occur within days of the initial insult.46 The pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation is complex and includes reduced production of erythropoietin, impaired bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and decreased red blood ce ...
35 Kortylewski Nat Biotechnol 2009
... therapeutic application. We show that siRNA synthetically linked to a CpG oligonucleotide agonist of toll-like receptor (TLR)9 targets and silences genes in TLR9+ myeloid cells and B cells, both of which are key components of the tumor microenvironment. When a CpG-conjugated siRNA that targets the i ...
... therapeutic application. We show that siRNA synthetically linked to a CpG oligonucleotide agonist of toll-like receptor (TLR)9 targets and silences genes in TLR9+ myeloid cells and B cells, both of which are key components of the tumor microenvironment. When a CpG-conjugated siRNA that targets the i ...
Intracellular NAD+ levels are associated with LPS-induced TNF
... LPS stimulation of M2-like cells failed to increase intracellular NAD + levels and both stimulated and unstimulated cells showed similar levels of NAD + throughout the experiment. Basal levels of NAD + in unstimulated M1-like and M2-like cells were different with M1-like cells appearing to have thre ...
... LPS stimulation of M2-like cells failed to increase intracellular NAD + levels and both stimulated and unstimulated cells showed similar levels of NAD + throughout the experiment. Basal levels of NAD + in unstimulated M1-like and M2-like cells were different with M1-like cells appearing to have thre ...
Endogenous MMTV Proviruses Induce Susceptibility to Both Viral
... resistant to MMTV oral and intraperitoneal infection and tumorigenesis compared to wild-type BALB/c mice. Infection of Mtv-null mice with an MMTV-related retrovirus, type B leukemogenic virus, also resulted in severely reduced viral loads and failure to induce T-cell lymphomas, indicating that resis ...
... resistant to MMTV oral and intraperitoneal infection and tumorigenesis compared to wild-type BALB/c mice. Infection of Mtv-null mice with an MMTV-related retrovirus, type B leukemogenic virus, also resulted in severely reduced viral loads and failure to induce T-cell lymphomas, indicating that resis ...
Immunogenicity of Human Amniotic Membrane in
... CONCLUSIONS. Amniotic membrane seems to be immune-privileged tissue and to contain some immunoregulatory factors, including HLA-G and Fas ligand. The amniotic membrane may be useful to supplement corneal collagen, and it may be applied not only to the ocular surface but also intracorneally. (Invest ...
... CONCLUSIONS. Amniotic membrane seems to be immune-privileged tissue and to contain some immunoregulatory factors, including HLA-G and Fas ligand. The amniotic membrane may be useful to supplement corneal collagen, and it may be applied not only to the ocular surface but also intracorneally. (Invest ...
Oomycetes, effectors, and all that jazz
... The sheer number of predicted effector genes in oomycetes makes it challenging to assign them activities and functions. The community’s answer to this daunting challenge has been to establish high-throughput in planta expression screens of candidate effectors, an approach coined ‘effectoromics’ [41– ...
... The sheer number of predicted effector genes in oomycetes makes it challenging to assign them activities and functions. The community’s answer to this daunting challenge has been to establish high-throughput in planta expression screens of candidate effectors, an approach coined ‘effectoromics’ [41– ...
MINIREVIEW Mounting Evidence for Vitamin D - Direct-MS
... experimental autoimmune diabetes induced a population of CD4þ CD25þ T reg that correlated with the protection of the mice from diabetes (54). Barrat et al. (55) have shown that a combination of 1,25(OH)2D3 and dexamethasone induced IL-10-producing T reg in human and mouse CD4þ T cells. In addition, ...
... experimental autoimmune diabetes induced a population of CD4þ CD25þ T reg that correlated with the protection of the mice from diabetes (54). Barrat et al. (55) have shown that a combination of 1,25(OH)2D3 and dexamethasone induced IL-10-producing T reg in human and mouse CD4þ T cells. In addition, ...
A human SARS-CoV neutralizing antibody against epitope on S2
... An immune antibody phage-display library was constructed from B cells of SARS convalescent patients. More than 80 clones were selected from the library by using the whole inactivated SARS-CoV virions as target. One human scFv, B1, was characterized extensively. The B1 recognized SARS pseudovirus in ...
... An immune antibody phage-display library was constructed from B cells of SARS convalescent patients. More than 80 clones were selected from the library by using the whole inactivated SARS-CoV virions as target. One human scFv, B1, was characterized extensively. The B1 recognized SARS pseudovirus in ...
... Innate immunity covers many areas of the host defence against pathogenic microbes, including the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present on the microbes5. In vertebrates, which are the only phylum that possesses an adaptive immune system, there are also mechanisms that ...
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... maintaining gut homeostasis. Numerous scientific evidences showed a significant association between gut barrier leaking and gastro-intestinal/extra-intestinal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this review we focus on the relationship between gut barrier leaking and human health. At the same time w ...
... maintaining gut homeostasis. Numerous scientific evidences showed a significant association between gut barrier leaking and gastro-intestinal/extra-intestinal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this review we focus on the relationship between gut barrier leaking and human health. At the same time w ...
The immune responses of the coral
... Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) Like all animals, corals rely on their capacity to detect non-self entities by means of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate an immune response. These receptors, which appear to be highly conserved across the animal kingdom, are complex proteins that ...
... Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) Like all animals, corals rely on their capacity to detect non-self entities by means of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to initiate an immune response. These receptors, which appear to be highly conserved across the animal kingdom, are complex proteins that ...
Combinations of type 1 diabetes, celiac disease and allergy
... that cowpox could be used as vaccine against human smallpox; however it was not until late 19th century that microorganisms were identified as the cause for infections. The function of the immune system is to protect the body from any foreign, and possibly harmful invader, like viruses, bacteria, fu ...
... that cowpox could be used as vaccine against human smallpox; however it was not until late 19th century that microorganisms were identified as the cause for infections. The function of the immune system is to protect the body from any foreign, and possibly harmful invader, like viruses, bacteria, fu ...