ATOMS AND ELEMENTS Evolution of Atomic Theory
... is also called “The Law of Multiple Proportions” n In actuality, atoms combining in the same ratio can make different compounds. ...
... is also called “The Law of Multiple Proportions” n In actuality, atoms combining in the same ratio can make different compounds. ...
Chapter 04 Notes
... • saw a repeating pattern of properties • Periodic Law – When the elements are arranged in order of increasing relative mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically • used pattern to predict properties of undiscovered elements • where atomic mass order did not fit other properties, he re-orde ...
... • saw a repeating pattern of properties • Periodic Law – When the elements are arranged in order of increasing relative mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically • used pattern to predict properties of undiscovered elements • where atomic mass order did not fit other properties, he re-orde ...
Chapter 10 Test A
... b. we are always uncertain about the future of a particle. c. atoms cannot exist with 100% probability. d. quantum theory only applies to single atoms. ____ 19. When an unstable isotope undergoes alpha decay, it is gives off: a. an electron. b. two protons and two neutrons. c. high energy electromag ...
... b. we are always uncertain about the future of a particle. c. atoms cannot exist with 100% probability. d. quantum theory only applies to single atoms. ____ 19. When an unstable isotope undergoes alpha decay, it is gives off: a. an electron. b. two protons and two neutrons. c. high energy electromag ...
HC CH 4 sec 1
... Democritus – Greek philosopher (460 BC –370 BC) – One of the first to suggest existence of atoms. – Reasoned that atoms were indivisible and indestructible ...
... Democritus – Greek philosopher (460 BC –370 BC) – One of the first to suggest existence of atoms. – Reasoned that atoms were indivisible and indestructible ...
Flexbook - What is Matter?
... the substance is an element. Elements cannot be chemically broken down into anything smaller and still retain the properties of the element. For example, an atom of iron can be smashed into electrons, protons, and neutrons, but those pieces would not have the properties of iron. Atoms from two or mo ...
... the substance is an element. Elements cannot be chemically broken down into anything smaller and still retain the properties of the element. For example, an atom of iron can be smashed into electrons, protons, and neutrons, but those pieces would not have the properties of iron. Atoms from two or mo ...
I - Holland Public Schools
... - most particles went straight through (see left) - a few were deflected * Why did these results contradict Thomson’s model? - if the solid atom model were correct, the alpha particles would have all bounced back off the foil (atoms would be like gray circles at left) * 2 conclusions: 1) Atoms are m ...
... - most particles went straight through (see left) - a few were deflected * Why did these results contradict Thomson’s model? - if the solid atom model were correct, the alpha particles would have all bounced back off the foil (atoms would be like gray circles at left) * 2 conclusions: 1) Atoms are m ...
Notes-C12-121
... • Add the prefix cyclo to the IUPAC name of the unbranched alkane, e.g., Cyclopentane • Name any alkyl groups on the ring in the usual way • Numbering conventions used in locating substituents on the ring: 1. If there is just one ring substituent, it is not necessary to locate it by number. 2. When ...
... • Add the prefix cyclo to the IUPAC name of the unbranched alkane, e.g., Cyclopentane • Name any alkyl groups on the ring in the usual way • Numbering conventions used in locating substituents on the ring: 1. If there is just one ring substituent, it is not necessary to locate it by number. 2. When ...
19. Define the law of multiple proportions. Elements form
... 19. Define the law of multiple proportions. Elements form compounds in simple whole number ratios 20. What do isotopes of the same element have in common and what is different? Isotopes have the same number of protons, electrons and atomic number Isotopes have a different mass number and number of n ...
... 19. Define the law of multiple proportions. Elements form compounds in simple whole number ratios 20. What do isotopes of the same element have in common and what is different? Isotopes have the same number of protons, electrons and atomic number Isotopes have a different mass number and number of n ...
with answers
... (c) Give the electronic configurations of sodium (Na) and nitrogen (N), showing clearly how electrons are distributed between orbitals of the same energy. Na (Z=11): 1s²2s²2p63s N (Z=7): 1s²2s²2px2py2pz (d) Explain why compounds of the formulae Na2O and NH3 form from their respective constituent ele ...
... (c) Give the electronic configurations of sodium (Na) and nitrogen (N), showing clearly how electrons are distributed between orbitals of the same energy. Na (Z=11): 1s²2s²2p63s N (Z=7): 1s²2s²2px2py2pz (d) Explain why compounds of the formulae Na2O and NH3 form from their respective constituent ele ...
200 Ways to Pass the Chemistry
... form ions to obtain such a configuration of electrons. Which of the following atoms forms a stable ion that does not have an octet structure? Li F Na Cl It loses its 1 valence electron leaving 2 below it 98. Covalent bonds form when two atoms share a pair of electrons. How many covalent bonds are fo ...
... form ions to obtain such a configuration of electrons. Which of the following atoms forms a stable ion that does not have an octet structure? Li F Na Cl It loses its 1 valence electron leaving 2 below it 98. Covalent bonds form when two atoms share a pair of electrons. How many covalent bonds are fo ...
Ch. 4 PPT
... Isotopes and Mass Number • All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons but the number of neutrons in the nucleus can differ. • Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ...
... Isotopes and Mass Number • All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons but the number of neutrons in the nucleus can differ. • Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ...
Reading 1.3 What Is Matter Composed Of?
... Other Greek philosophers disliked Democritus’s atomos theory because they felt it was illogical. The law of definite proportions states that in a given chemical substance, the elements are always combined in the same proportions by mass. The law of multiple proportions states that when two elements ...
... Other Greek philosophers disliked Democritus’s atomos theory because they felt it was illogical. The law of definite proportions states that in a given chemical substance, the elements are always combined in the same proportions by mass. The law of multiple proportions states that when two elements ...
CHEM 1405 CHAPTER 4
... When energy is given to an atom in the form of heat energy or electrical energy, the electrons in the atom get excited to higher energy levels by absorbing energy. This is the excited state of an atom, which is unstable. The electrons then start falling from higher levels to lower levels, releasing ...
... When energy is given to an atom in the form of heat energy or electrical energy, the electrons in the atom get excited to higher energy levels by absorbing energy. This is the excited state of an atom, which is unstable. The electrons then start falling from higher levels to lower levels, releasing ...
File first semester final study guide key
... nucleus of an element. The ____atom____________ is the fundamental unit of an element. The central core of an atom is the ____nucleus_________, which contains ___protons_______, which are positively charged subatomic particles, and ___neutrons_______, which are subatomic particles with no charge. __ ...
... nucleus of an element. The ____atom____________ is the fundamental unit of an element. The central core of an atom is the ____nucleus_________, which contains ___protons_______, which are positively charged subatomic particles, and ___neutrons_______, which are subatomic particles with no charge. __ ...
In an atom
... first electron shell would be about one kilometer from the golf ball, the second shell about four kilometers, the third nine kilometers and so on. If you find that hard to visualize then try this. The period at the end of this sentence, (depending on your monitor and the font you are using), is prob ...
... first electron shell would be about one kilometer from the golf ball, the second shell about four kilometers, the third nine kilometers and so on. If you find that hard to visualize then try this. The period at the end of this sentence, (depending on your monitor and the font you are using), is prob ...
The Atom
... that empty space exists, but instead believed that all matter is made of fire, water, air, and earth. • Because Aristotle was so influential, his ideas were accepted and Democritus’s ideas about atoms were not studied again for more than 2,000 years. ...
... that empty space exists, but instead believed that all matter is made of fire, water, air, and earth. • Because Aristotle was so influential, his ideas were accepted and Democritus’s ideas about atoms were not studied again for more than 2,000 years. ...
CHAPTER 2. THE ELEMENTS: BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS OF …
... Oxygen in the stratosphere (from Chapter 1) • O2 (Ultraviolet radiation) O + O • O 2 + O O3 • Protective ozone layer in the stratosphere Ozone is detrimental and toxic in the atmosphere at sea level Oxygen reacts with other substances to produce energy: • Combustion of hydrocarbons at high tempe ...
... Oxygen in the stratosphere (from Chapter 1) • O2 (Ultraviolet radiation) O + O • O 2 + O O3 • Protective ozone layer in the stratosphere Ozone is detrimental and toxic in the atmosphere at sea level Oxygen reacts with other substances to produce energy: • Combustion of hydrocarbons at high tempe ...
Atomic Structure -
... Because valence electrons are on the last shell, they are the ones that are furthest from the positive field of the protons. Valance electrons are the electrons that determine if an atom can bond with another atom. This means that the valence electrons could be attracted to the nucleus of more posit ...
... Because valence electrons are on the last shell, they are the ones that are furthest from the positive field of the protons. Valance electrons are the electrons that determine if an atom can bond with another atom. This means that the valence electrons could be attracted to the nucleus of more posit ...
U1 Atoms, Periodic Table, Variables, Conversions Unit 1
... 2. In 1909, scientist Ernest Rutherford directed a stream of high speed alpha particles at a thin ...
... 2. In 1909, scientist Ernest Rutherford directed a stream of high speed alpha particles at a thin ...
1.10 Atomic structure - Pearson Schools and FE Colleges
... A tiny fraction of the carbon atoms on Earth have the nuclear symbol 14 6 C. This is known as carbon-14. The nuclei of carbon-14 atoms have two extra neutrons when compared with carbon-12, so the two atoms have different mass numbers. The two different carbon atoms are called isotopes of the elemen ...
... A tiny fraction of the carbon atoms on Earth have the nuclear symbol 14 6 C. This is known as carbon-14. The nuclei of carbon-14 atoms have two extra neutrons when compared with carbon-12, so the two atoms have different mass numbers. The two different carbon atoms are called isotopes of the elemen ...
1 st Nine Weeks Study Guide for Chemistry
... E. How do you tell an element from a compound? Element is one type of atom, a compound is two or more elements chemically combined. F. What are physical properties? Give at least five examples. Have to do with appearance, density, malleable, ductile. Boiling point G. What are chemical properties? Gi ...
... E. How do you tell an element from a compound? Element is one type of atom, a compound is two or more elements chemically combined. F. What are physical properties? Give at least five examples. Have to do with appearance, density, malleable, ductile. Boiling point G. What are chemical properties? Gi ...
The Origin Of The Earth
... Used 3 samples of rotting flesh placed in flasks open to air sealed covered with gauze ...
... Used 3 samples of rotting flesh placed in flasks open to air sealed covered with gauze ...
History of molecular theory
In chemistry, the history of molecular theory traces the origins of the concept or idea of the existence of strong chemical bonds between two or more atoms.The modern concept of molecules can be traced back towards pre-scientific Greek philosophers such as Leucippus who argued that all the universe is composed of atoms and voids. Circa 450 BC Empedocles imagined fundamental elements (fire (20px), earth (20px), air (20px), and water (20px)) and ""forces"" of attraction and repulsion allowing the elements to interact. Prior to this, Heraclitus had claimed that fire or change was fundamental to our existence, created through the combination of opposite properties. In the Timaeus, Plato, following Pythagoras, considered mathematical entities such as number, point, line and triangle as the fundamental building blocks or elements of this ephemeral world, and considered the four elements of fire, air, water and earth as states of substances through which the true mathematical principles or elements would pass. A fifth element, the incorruptible quintessence aether, was considered to be the fundamental building block of the heavenly bodies. The viewpoint of Leucippus and Empedocles, along with the aether, was accepted by Aristotle and passed to medieval and renaissance Europe. A modern conceptualization of molecules began to develop in the 19th century along with experimental evidence for pure chemical elements and how individual atoms of different chemical substances such as hydrogen and oxygen can combine to form chemically stable molecules such as water molecules.