How Do We Know That We Know? The Accessibility Model
... The assumption, then, is that subjects have direct access to the information pertaining to the presence of the solicited item in memory and that this information appears in a ready-made format. At first sight, this solution to the question of how one knows that one knows appears to raise the homuncu ...
... The assumption, then, is that subjects have direct access to the information pertaining to the presence of the solicited item in memory and that this information appears in a ready-made format. At first sight, this solution to the question of how one knows that one knows appears to raise the homuncu ...
Rapid induction of false memory for pictures
... recognition of 23%) than typically found on the standard word task. Finally, Fazendeiro, Winkielman, Luo, and Lorah (2005, Experiment 1B) used a similar but less powerful false memory induction procedure in which just one studied item was paired with a semantically related lure that was later presen ...
... recognition of 23%) than typically found on the standard word task. Finally, Fazendeiro, Winkielman, Luo, and Lorah (2005, Experiment 1B) used a similar but less powerful false memory induction procedure in which just one studied item was paired with a semantically related lure that was later presen ...
Phonological similarity and the irrelevant speech
... clues about their order of presentation. In the case of auditory material, the ‘‘objects’’ are spoken sounds which presumably may be identified by the listener as words or possibly longer prosodic units such as phrases and sentences. When irrelevant speech is present, a different set of items and th ...
... clues about their order of presentation. In the case of auditory material, the ‘‘objects’’ are spoken sounds which presumably may be identified by the listener as words or possibly longer prosodic units such as phrases and sentences. When irrelevant speech is present, a different set of items and th ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... acetylcholine receptor blocker scopolamine on human memory. Systemic administration of scopolamine is modeled by blockade of the cellular effects of acetylcholine in the model, resulting in memory impairments replicating data from studies on human subjects. This blockade of cholinergic effects impai ...
... acetylcholine receptor blocker scopolamine on human memory. Systemic administration of scopolamine is modeled by blockade of the cellular effects of acetylcholine in the model, resulting in memory impairments replicating data from studies on human subjects. This blockade of cholinergic effects impai ...
Revealing Past Memories: Proactive Interference
... DMP task. Acute effects of ketamine on memory performance and sensorimotor function were observed without any influence on performance on subsequent days of testing. After the completion of the second bout of long-delay testing, these rats were used in experiment 1B that examined performance in whic ...
... DMP task. Acute effects of ketamine on memory performance and sensorimotor function were observed without any influence on performance on subsequent days of testing. After the completion of the second bout of long-delay testing, these rats were used in experiment 1B that examined performance in whic ...
Updating verbal and visuospatial working memory: Are the
... passive phonological short-term store. Another study used position emission tomography (PET) to investigate the cortical regions for the maintenance of spatial versus phonological information in working memory[18]. They found that bilateral anterior and posterior intraparietal sulcus, as well as rig ...
... passive phonological short-term store. Another study used position emission tomography (PET) to investigate the cortical regions for the maintenance of spatial versus phonological information in working memory[18]. They found that bilateral anterior and posterior intraparietal sulcus, as well as rig ...
Condition interference in rats performing a choice task with switched
... upon responses to any situation is essential. To date, however, decision processes and the underlying neural substrates have been investigated under specific conditions; thus, little is known about how various conditions influence one another in these processes. In this study, we designed a binary c ...
... upon responses to any situation is essential. To date, however, decision processes and the underlying neural substrates have been investigated under specific conditions; thus, little is known about how various conditions influence one another in these processes. In this study, we designed a binary c ...
Implicit Memory for New Associations: An
... requiring subjects to engage in an extended elaborative processing task. All that should be necessary is to encourage subjects to initially encode members of a pair in relation to one another. Second, our emphasis on the interaction between data-driven and conceptually driven processes applied durin ...
... requiring subjects to engage in an extended elaborative processing task. All that should be necessary is to encourage subjects to initially encode members of a pair in relation to one another. Second, our emphasis on the interaction between data-driven and conceptually driven processes applied durin ...
Role of Prefrontal and Parietal Cortices in Associative - ACT-R
... retrieval demands were minimal with cases where they were substantial. The minimal retrieval condition was created by asking participants to retrieve an item immediately after studying. The substantial retrieval condition was created by inserting a number of intervening items. This variable of delay ...
... retrieval demands were minimal with cases where they were substantial. The minimal retrieval condition was created by asking participants to retrieve an item immediately after studying. The substantial retrieval condition was created by inserting a number of intervening items. This variable of delay ...
The role of test structure in creating false memories
... false memories actually increase over time, whereas accurate memories decrease (McDermott, 1996; Thapar & McDermott, 2001; Toglia, Neuschatz, & Goodwin, 1999). Seamon et al. (2002), however, found that false memories did not increase over time; rather, they were more resistant to decay than accurate ...
... false memories actually increase over time, whereas accurate memories decrease (McDermott, 1996; Thapar & McDermott, 2001; Toglia, Neuschatz, & Goodwin, 1999). Seamon et al. (2002), however, found that false memories did not increase over time; rather, they were more resistant to decay than accurate ...
Hebb repetition learning 1 VISUAL AND PHONOLOGICAL HEBB
... visually presented materials is blocked by CA. While it is true, therefore, that the loop seems the component of choice for ISR, resulting in generally higher levels of recall, other reasonably effective systems must exist. Whatever these systems are doing when access to the loop is denied, the gene ...
... visually presented materials is blocked by CA. While it is true, therefore, that the loop seems the component of choice for ISR, resulting in generally higher levels of recall, other reasonably effective systems must exist. Whatever these systems are doing when access to the loop is denied, the gene ...
Core Science unit 1 found grade checker booklet
... difference compared to the surroundings. Understand that colour in a thermogram indicates temperature. Recall that heat is a measurement of energy and is measured in Joules (J). Describe the factors affecting the energy needed to change the temperature of a body. Describe an experiment to me ...
... difference compared to the surroundings. Understand that colour in a thermogram indicates temperature. Recall that heat is a measurement of energy and is measured in Joules (J). Describe the factors affecting the energy needed to change the temperature of a body. Describe an experiment to me ...
Retrieval induces adaptive forgetting of competing memories via
... neuroscience has lacked methods capable of isolating neural activity associated with individual memories. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we tested for the existence of the hypothesized adaptive forgetting process by developing a template-based patterntracking approach that quant ...
... neuroscience has lacked methods capable of isolating neural activity associated with individual memories. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we tested for the existence of the hypothesized adaptive forgetting process by developing a template-based patterntracking approach that quant ...
Priming on perceptual implicit memory tests can be achieved
... free recall, priming of these items should occur on a conceptual implicit memory test. However, Cramer (1965) reported a failed attempt to obtain conceptual priming under conditions similar to those used here, although she did observe both priming of presented items and false recall. Other empirical ...
... free recall, priming of these items should occur on a conceptual implicit memory test. However, Cramer (1965) reported a failed attempt to obtain conceptual priming under conditions similar to those used here, although she did observe both priming of presented items and false recall. Other empirical ...
NOBA Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)
... McDaniel, 1993). Using study strategies such as the ones described here is challenging, but the effort is well worth the benefits of enhanced learning and retention. We emphasized earlier that encoding is selective: people cannot encode all information they are exposed to. However, recoding can add ...
... McDaniel, 1993). Using study strategies such as the ones described here is challenging, but the effort is well worth the benefits of enhanced learning and retention. We emphasized earlier that encoding is selective: people cannot encode all information they are exposed to. However, recoding can add ...
Do distractors interfere with memory for study pairs in associative
... one of the three experimental groups (n 5 20 for each group). Materials. The eight AB pairs used in this experiment were composed of one Armenian letter and one syllable. The Armenian letters were selected from the Armenian alphabet in such a way as to be as different as possible from one another an ...
... one of the three experimental groups (n 5 20 for each group). Materials. The eight AB pairs used in this experiment were composed of one Armenian letter and one syllable. The Armenian letters were selected from the Armenian alphabet in such a way as to be as different as possible from one another an ...
Consolidation
... learning phase of the experiment when the rats stepped down onto the grid they were given foot shocks. The first group of rats was simply given the foot shocks. The second group had subgroups that also received ECSs at intervals of 0.5, 2, 5, 10, or 30 seconds after the foot shock depending on the s ...
... learning phase of the experiment when the rats stepped down onto the grid they were given foot shocks. The first group of rats was simply given the foot shocks. The second group had subgroups that also received ECSs at intervals of 0.5, 2, 5, 10, or 30 seconds after the foot shock depending on the s ...
Creating associative memory distortions
... the encoding of its associates. The activation of a critical word leads to subsequent errors in recall and recognition that are caused by difficulties in identifying the source of the activation (Johnson, Hashtroudi, & Lindsay, 1993). According to the source monitoring framework (SMF; Johnson et al. ...
... the encoding of its associates. The activation of a critical word leads to subsequent errors in recall and recognition that are caused by difficulties in identifying the source of the activation (Johnson, Hashtroudi, & Lindsay, 1993). According to the source monitoring framework (SMF; Johnson et al. ...
Power Shifts Track Serial Position and Modulate Encoding in
... We recorded iEEG from patients, while they studied and recalled lists of words in a delayed-free recall task. The lists were composed of 15 or 20 common nouns, chosen at random and without replacement from a pool of high-frequency words (either English or German, depending on the subject’s native la ...
... We recorded iEEG from patients, while they studied and recalled lists of words in a delayed-free recall task. The lists were composed of 15 or 20 common nouns, chosen at random and without replacement from a pool of high-frequency words (either English or German, depending on the subject’s native la ...
Ch05
... Caption: Results of an experiment showing the response of neurons in the monkey’s PF cortex during an attentional task. Neural responding is indicated by an asterisk (*). (a) A cue square is flashed at a particular position, causing the neuron to respond. (b) The square goes off , but the neuron co ...
... Caption: Results of an experiment showing the response of neurons in the monkey’s PF cortex during an attentional task. Neural responding is indicated by an asterisk (*). (a) A cue square is flashed at a particular position, causing the neuron to respond. (b) The square goes off , but the neuron co ...
Ch05aaa
... Caption: Results of an experiment showing the response of neurons in the monkey’s PF cortex during an attentional task. Neural responding is indicated by an asterisk (*). (a) A cue square is flashed at a particular position, causing the neuron to respond. (b) The square goes off , but the neuron co ...
... Caption: Results of an experiment showing the response of neurons in the monkey’s PF cortex during an attentional task. Neural responding is indicated by an asterisk (*). (a) A cue square is flashed at a particular position, causing the neuron to respond. (b) The square goes off , but the neuron co ...
Consolidation of motor memory
... when one tries to reach while looking at the hand through a mirror, one observes a mismatch between the visually observed consequences of the motor command and its proprioceptive feedback. This error can produce adaptation in a forward model of the arm. The term ‘inverse model’ labels the computatio ...
... when one tries to reach while looking at the hand through a mirror, one observes a mismatch between the visually observed consequences of the motor command and its proprioceptive feedback. This error can produce adaptation in a forward model of the arm. The term ‘inverse model’ labels the computatio ...
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in Early
... impaired on both immediate and delayed recall conditions of traditional memory tasks. However, tasks such as DMS and SDR have not been used to examine the effects of earlyversus late-onset TLE on short- and long-term memory. Further, only one study (Fedio & Mirsky, 1969) has examhied short- and long ...
... impaired on both immediate and delayed recall conditions of traditional memory tasks. However, tasks such as DMS and SDR have not been used to examine the effects of earlyversus late-onset TLE on short- and long-term memory. Further, only one study (Fedio & Mirsky, 1969) has examhied short- and long ...
22 - Purdue Psychological Sciences
... signatories below, exaggerated and misleading claims exploit the anxieties of older adults about impending cognitive decline. We encourage continued careful research and validation in this field. ...
... signatories below, exaggerated and misleading claims exploit the anxieties of older adults about impending cognitive decline. We encourage continued careful research and validation in this field. ...
Strong items get suppressed, weak items do not: The role of item
... fact that, according to strength dependence, both strong and weak items should suffer from retrieval-induced impairment. Indeed, since the recall of items is assumed to increase these items’ associations to the common cue, the likelihood of recall of the still-to-be-remembered items should be relati ...
... fact that, according to strength dependence, both strong and weak items should suffer from retrieval-induced impairment. Indeed, since the recall of items is assumed to increase these items’ associations to the common cue, the likelihood of recall of the still-to-be-remembered items should be relati ...