Spectroscopy – I. Gratings and Prisms
... • Dispersion is not linear, increasing towards shorter wavelengths. • Prism dispersion is not very high – often two or three prisms were used in tandem to increase this. • Glass absorbs ultraviolet light – quartz or other UV transmitting glasses are necessary. • Light losses occur at both surfaces ( ...
... • Dispersion is not linear, increasing towards shorter wavelengths. • Prism dispersion is not very high – often two or three prisms were used in tandem to increase this. • Glass absorbs ultraviolet light – quartz or other UV transmitting glasses are necessary. • Light losses occur at both surfaces ( ...
Paraxial Optics
... lateral magnification equal to b’ = + 1. In practice, it means that a ray incident on the object principal plane at a given height produces a point in the image principal plane at the same height. The principal planes of an optical system can be obtained as it follows (Fig. 6). Let us take a ray par ...
... lateral magnification equal to b’ = + 1. In practice, it means that a ray incident on the object principal plane at a given height produces a point in the image principal plane at the same height. The principal planes of an optical system can be obtained as it follows (Fig. 6). Let us take a ray par ...
Erbium-implanted high-Q silica toroidal microcavity laser
... for fundamental research areas such as cavity quantum electrodynamics, nonlinear optics, biosensing, and microscale lasers [1–17]. The first studied ultrahigh-Q optical microcavities were liquid microdroplets. In the pioneering work of Chang and Campillo, nonlinear optical effects were investigated ...
... for fundamental research areas such as cavity quantum electrodynamics, nonlinear optics, biosensing, and microscale lasers [1–17]. The first studied ultrahigh-Q optical microcavities were liquid microdroplets. In the pioneering work of Chang and Campillo, nonlinear optical effects were investigated ...
Semiconductor Lasers Using Diffused Quantum
... where disordering occurs will be reduced significantly by the increase of background temperature. Another advantage of using ceramic is that its low thermal conductivity also helps in reducing the required power density of laser beam. Therefore, the irradiation of laser light of 5 W/mm power density ...
... where disordering occurs will be reduced significantly by the increase of background temperature. Another advantage of using ceramic is that its low thermal conductivity also helps in reducing the required power density of laser beam. Therefore, the irradiation of laser light of 5 W/mm power density ...
Optical phase conjugation in fiber
... In the backbone of today’s transmission networks, solely single-mode optical fibers are used, made from silica glass. The attenuation of these fibers is the lowest around the wavelength of 1550 nm (≈ 0.2 dB/km) thus allowing transmission over more than 100 km fiber before amplification is required. ...
... In the backbone of today’s transmission networks, solely single-mode optical fibers are used, made from silica glass. The attenuation of these fibers is the lowest around the wavelength of 1550 nm (≈ 0.2 dB/km) thus allowing transmission over more than 100 km fiber before amplification is required. ...
OPTICAL TWEEZERS: Characterization and Systems
... [3] and Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscope [4]. These tools have equipped scientists to do exciting studies involving interaction between single biological molecules, like motor protein interactions with actin filament or microtubule [5, 6], or the process of DNA transcription involving a DNA s ...
... [3] and Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscope [4]. These tools have equipped scientists to do exciting studies involving interaction between single biological molecules, like motor protein interactions with actin filament or microtubule [5, 6], or the process of DNA transcription involving a DNA s ...
An Optical Mask for Atomic Interferometry Experiments
... Moscow’s Institute for Spectroscopy by Andreev et al (see [18] for reference). Over the early-to-mid80’s, Phillips and Metcalf perfected a device they called the Zeeman slower, which uses a spatiallyvarying magnetic field to keep a sample of atoms in resonance with a laser beam as it cools. They suc ...
... Moscow’s Institute for Spectroscopy by Andreev et al (see [18] for reference). Over the early-to-mid80’s, Phillips and Metcalf perfected a device they called the Zeeman slower, which uses a spatiallyvarying magnetic field to keep a sample of atoms in resonance with a laser beam as it cools. They suc ...
Ultrashort laser pulse generation
... bandwidth and dispersion, the second term shortens it by SAM (see Fig. VIII-42) and the last one accounts for amplification and losses. ...
... bandwidth and dispersion, the second term shortens it by SAM (see Fig. VIII-42) and the last one accounts for amplification and losses. ...
Strongly interacting systems in AMO physics
... Strong interactions can dramatically change the essence of a physical system. The behavior of strongly interacting systems can be fundamentally different than those where the interaction is absent or treated perturbatively. Many examples are known in solid-state physics including the superconductivit ...
... Strong interactions can dramatically change the essence of a physical system. The behavior of strongly interacting systems can be fundamentally different than those where the interaction is absent or treated perturbatively. Many examples are known in solid-state physics including the superconductivit ...
Word - The Open University
... http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-andict/information-and-communication-technologies/digital-communications/contentsection-0. There you’ll also be able to track your progress via your activity record, which you can use to demonstrate your learning. The Open University W ...
... http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-andict/information-and-communication-technologies/digital-communications/contentsection-0. There you’ll also be able to track your progress via your activity record, which you can use to demonstrate your learning. The Open University W ...
de Sénarmont Bias Retardation in DIC Microscopy Introduction
... This effect occurs because shear takes place at the quartzair interface in the lower prism wedge instead at the cemented boundary, as in a Wollaston prism. Refraction at the interface between the quartz wedges in a Nomarski prism causes the sheared wavefronts to converge with a crossover point outsi ...
... This effect occurs because shear takes place at the quartzair interface in the lower prism wedge instead at the cemented boundary, as in a Wollaston prism. Refraction at the interface between the quartz wedges in a Nomarski prism causes the sheared wavefronts to converge with a crossover point outsi ...
Ultrafast Optical Parametric Chirped
... to be negligible. However, it also means that the pump pulse duration should be in the 10–100 ps range, much shorter than what is typically used for Ti:Sapphire pumping. Such powerful short-pulse lasers are much less widely commercially available than nanosecond duration pump lasers as used for Ti:S ...
... to be negligible. However, it also means that the pump pulse duration should be in the 10–100 ps range, much shorter than what is typically used for Ti:Sapphire pumping. Such powerful short-pulse lasers are much less widely commercially available than nanosecond duration pump lasers as used for Ti:S ...
Antireflective Coatings
... Broadband Multilayer AR Coatings (WAR) Dual Wavelength Band AR Coatings (DAR) Partial Reflective Coatings Single Wavelength Band PR Coatings (SPR) Broadband PR Coatings (BPR) Beamsplitter Coatings Laser Line Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (LPS) Broadband Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (BPS) ...
... Broadband Multilayer AR Coatings (WAR) Dual Wavelength Band AR Coatings (DAR) Partial Reflective Coatings Single Wavelength Band PR Coatings (SPR) Broadband PR Coatings (BPR) Beamsplitter Coatings Laser Line Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (LPS) Broadband Polarization Beamsplitter Coatings (BPS) ...
1 Fundamental Optics www.cvimellesgriot.com
... length(s), clear aperture (diameter), and object and image position. These paraxial calculations are covered in the next section of this chapter. Second, actual components are chosen based on these paraxial values, and their actual performance is evaluated with special attention paid to the effects ...
... length(s), clear aperture (diameter), and object and image position. These paraxial calculations are covered in the next section of this chapter. Second, actual components are chosen based on these paraxial values, and their actual performance is evaluated with special attention paid to the effects ...
MEMS mirrors - Hamamatsu Photonics
... must be driven at the resonant frequency. Note that in non-linear mode, the optical deflection angle when the mirror is driven at the resonant frequency differs significantly from the optical deflection angle at other frequencies. Driving the mirror at frequencies other than the resonant frequency m ...
... must be driven at the resonant frequency. Note that in non-linear mode, the optical deflection angle when the mirror is driven at the resonant frequency differs significantly from the optical deflection angle at other frequencies. Driving the mirror at frequencies other than the resonant frequency m ...
Changes in spatial extent and peak double optical density of human
... human fovea in both the inner and outer layers of the retina, and located along the axons of the cone photoreceptors [1]. It is mainly composed of two xanthophylls, lutein and zeaxanthin [2]. MP has a peak absorption wavelength at 460 nm but nearly no absorption of light at wavelengths longer than 5 ...
... human fovea in both the inner and outer layers of the retina, and located along the axons of the cone photoreceptors [1]. It is mainly composed of two xanthophylls, lutein and zeaxanthin [2]. MP has a peak absorption wavelength at 460 nm but nearly no absorption of light at wavelengths longer than 5 ...
Optical frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) range and
... or both exist. With recent advancements in laser diode manufacturing, small tunable sources have become available. By modulating current supplied to the laser the optical output frequency can be modulated. If the outgoing modulated light is divided into two parts, a transmitted and a local oscillato ...
... or both exist. With recent advancements in laser diode manufacturing, small tunable sources have become available. By modulating current supplied to the laser the optical output frequency can be modulated. If the outgoing modulated light is divided into two parts, a transmitted and a local oscillato ...
Course Descriptions
... communication components of the course focus on planning, developing, and delivering dynamic, informative and persuasive presentations. Advanced skills in effective teamwork, leadership, listening, multimedia and computer generated visual aids are also emphasized. Graduate students will have a succe ...
... communication components of the course focus on planning, developing, and delivering dynamic, informative and persuasive presentations. Advanced skills in effective teamwork, leadership, listening, multimedia and computer generated visual aids are also emphasized. Graduate students will have a succe ...
Recent advances in transformation optics
... (SPIE). His research interests are nano-scale science and technology, materials physics, photonics and bio-technologies. ...
... (SPIE). His research interests are nano-scale science and technology, materials physics, photonics and bio-technologies. ...
Recent advances in transformation optics
... (SPIE). His research interests are nano-scale science and technology, materials physics, photonics and bio-technologies. ...
... (SPIE). His research interests are nano-scale science and technology, materials physics, photonics and bio-technologies. ...
Light at work: The use of optical forces for particle manipulation
... Light in its wider definition covers the near-infrared and ultraviolet spectral regions together with the visible range. It provides invaluable information about the macroscopic and microscopic world around us and it also enables recording, storing, and transmitting this information. In addition to ...
... Light in its wider definition covers the near-infrared and ultraviolet spectral regions together with the visible range. It provides invaluable information about the macroscopic and microscopic world around us and it also enables recording, storing, and transmitting this information. In addition to ...
Direct welding of fused silica with femtosecond fiber laser
... For fs laser welding, the laser focus was positioned at the interface between the two fused silica substrates. First of all, single line welding was conducted with different laser parameters. The size and shape of the welded region depend on the laser parameters and the sample translation velocity. ...
... For fs laser welding, the laser focus was positioned at the interface between the two fused silica substrates. First of all, single line welding was conducted with different laser parameters. The size and shape of the welded region depend on the laser parameters and the sample translation velocity. ...
PASSION FOR PRECISION
... quantities such as length or voltage into a frequency in order to make accurate measurement. This is what my friend and mentor Arthur Schawlow at Stanford University had in mind when he advised his students: “Never measure anything but frequency!” Measuring a frequency, i.e. counting the number of c ...
... quantities such as length or voltage into a frequency in order to make accurate measurement. This is what my friend and mentor Arthur Schawlow at Stanford University had in mind when he advised his students: “Never measure anything but frequency!” Measuring a frequency, i.e. counting the number of c ...
Optical Cavity and laser Modes
... The disadvantage of this method is that the short length of the cavity limits the power output of the laser. ...
... The disadvantage of this method is that the short length of the cavity limits the power output of the laser. ...
Theoretical derivation of the depth average of remotely sensed
... with a proper averaging rule, Eq. (2) is correct when f is depth independent. On the other hand no single averaging rule works when absorption and backscattering are separated, so that merely writing Eq. (1b) makes an assumption about the optical structure of the water column. 2. Theory In order to ...
... with a proper averaging rule, Eq. (2) is correct when f is depth independent. On the other hand no single averaging rule works when absorption and backscattering are separated, so that merely writing Eq. (1b) makes an assumption about the optical structure of the water column. 2. Theory In order to ...
Fiber-optic communication
Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. First developed in the 1970s, fiber-optic communication systems have revolutionized the telecommunications industry and have played a major role in the advent of the Information Age. Because of its advantages over electrical transmission, optical fibers have largely replaced copper wire communications in core networks in the developed world. Optical fiber is used by many telecommunications companies to transmit telephone signals, Internet communication, and cable television signals. Researchers at Bell Labs have reached internet speeds of over 100 petabit×kilometer per second using fiber-optic communication.The process of communicating using fiber-optics involves the following basic steps: Creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter, relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal does not become too distorted or weak, receiving the optical signal, and converting it into an electrical signal.