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recent advances - University of St Andrews
recent advances - University of St Andrews

Lithium Niobate Microphotonic Modulators
Lithium Niobate Microphotonic Modulators

... championship and 8 year win streak that made my stay at U$C much more pleasant. ...
Graphene-on-Insulator Transistors Made Using C on Ni Chemical
Graphene-on-Insulator Transistors Made Using C on Ni Chemical

... RAPHENE, a thin sheet of graphitic carbon, is a promising candidate as a material for future electronics [1]. The major advantages of graphene are its high intrinsic mobility and its 2-D structure. The 2-D structure makes extremely thin sheets of graphene, less than 1 nm, highly conductive, and it m ...
Refractive-Index-Matched Indium--Tin
Refractive-Index-Matched Indium--Tin

Optical Cavity and laser Modes
Optical Cavity and laser Modes

... radiation inside the cavity will not be confined during its path between the mirrors. • Absorption, scattering and losses in optical elements Since optical elements are not ideal, each interaction with optical element inside the cavity cause some losses. • Diffraction Losses - Every time a laser bea ...
A correlation of thin lens approximation to thick
A correlation of thin lens approximation to thick

... Lens design, also called optical design and optical system design, is the science or art of developing optical systems to image, direct, analyze, or measure light. These systems include: camera lenses, telescopes, microscopes, scanners, photometers, spectrographs, interferometers, eyepieces, and so ...
Helium Neon Laser - Educational Lasers
Helium Neon Laser - Educational Lasers

... The Helium Neon Laser is a versatile gas laser source designed for training and education, but can also be used in research applications. With all of its elements, this system offers a wide range of experimental possibilities, and is the most flexible HeNe system on the market. This educational kit ...
Metastable optical gratings in compound semiconductors
Metastable optical gratings in compound semiconductors

... Volumetric optical data storage applications require nonlinear optical materials in which optical information can be stored semipermanently, and then reversibly erased. Multiple read-and-write memory materials, such as magnetic materials used in magnetic recording, rely on reversible transformations ...
21.pdf
21.pdf

: (2%)
: (2%)

... shown in FIG. 1a, a single structural element may be modulator 310 and traveling from right to left incident employed for performing both the functions of mode on the right side of polarization means 304 may include locking and polarization shifting. In particular, modula a component having P2 linea ...
Development of a high precision interferometric set-up for the
Development of a high precision interferometric set-up for the

... (DSF) were developed as the solution to the dispersion problem. However, fiber manufacturers had little concern about PMD, and as DSFs have a smaller core area than conventional single-mode fibers, they are more sensitive to core ellipticities. This resulted in fibers with relatively high birefringe ...
Helium Neon Laser - Abbe School of Photonics
Helium Neon Laser - Abbe School of Photonics

Measuring amplitude and phase in optical fields with
Measuring amplitude and phase in optical fields with

... 1.3 Motivation and thesis outline The goals of this work are several. The first is the contribution to the understanding of optical fields. In scanning near-field optical microscopy, the field generated by an object, especially by sub-wavelength objects, is different from the object itself. In gener ...
Apodized Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings for Wavelength Shift Compensation under... Level
Apodized Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings for Wavelength Shift Compensation under... Level

... design. They can effectively be used for dispersion compensation in high-bit-rate, long-haul fiber communication links. The main peak in the reflection spectrum of a finite length Bragg gratings with uniform modulation of the index of refraction is accompanied by a series of side lobes at adjacent w ...
Quantum Optics Devices
Quantum Optics Devices

... Chapter 1 Basic field quantization - the foundations Quantum optics devices require, as a very first step, a reasonable understanding of what a quantum description of light actually covers. In this chapter, we will probably repeat elements of electrodynamics, with some specializations relevant for ...
Dispersion Compensation Using Tunable Chirped Apodized Far Off Resonance Fiber
Dispersion Compensation Using Tunable Chirped Apodized Far Off Resonance Fiber

... compensation has several advantages over using them in reflection. To operate the grating in reflection requires in order realizing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), various wavelength sensitive devices are required to perform the multiplexing and demultiplexing of signals at different wavelen ...
Bending and Strain Sensitivities in a Helicoidal Long
Bending and Strain Sensitivities in a Helicoidal Long

Theory of optical second-harmonic generation from a sphere of
Theory of optical second-harmonic generation from a sphere of

pdf file
pdf file

... matching and linear absorption was studied and the results were compared with those of ideal conditions free from phase mismatch and absorption. Effects of pump pulse width and multiple pulse pumping were also studied, which can lower the two-photon absorption and narrow the THz wave spectrum. Third ...
Design and use of guided mode resonance filters for
Design and use of guided mode resonance filters for

Attosecond lighthouse driven by sub-two
Attosecond lighthouse driven by sub-two

An Optical Mask for Atomic Interferometry Experiments
An Optical Mask for Atomic Interferometry Experiments

... beamsplitter. As mentioned above, atoms can be diffracted off a grating. One very early example of this is the diffraction of helium atoms from a LiF crystal surface, first done by Estermann and Stern in 1930. The periodicity of the crystal lattice lets it act as a phase grating for the atoms. Moder ...
Monitoring the Evaporation of Fluids from Fiber-Optic Micro
Monitoring the Evaporation of Fluids from Fiber-Optic Micro

... fluid volumes, from within in-line micro-cavities that are etched through optical fibers. These all-fiber-based silica cavities, or micro-cells (MCs), offer unique advantages such as potential for remote access and for spatial multiplexing, use over a broad temperature range, chemical inertness and ...
Ultranarrow coupling-induced transparency bands in hybrid plasmonic systems Thomas Zentgraf, Shuang Zhang,
Ultranarrow coupling-induced transparency bands in hybrid plasmonic systems Thomas Zentgraf, Shuang Zhang,

... metamaterials.4 However, due to the metal loss, the performances of many plasmonic systems are considerably limited. One way around this issue is to mediate the coupling by a cavity or dielectric waveguide.5–7 The coherent interaction between a waveguide mode and a plasmonic mode can be utilized to ...
WDM and DWDM Multiplexing
WDM and DWDM Multiplexing

... No need to replace many components such as optical amplifiers ...
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Silicon photonics



Silicon photonics is the study and application of photonic systems which use silicon as an optical medium. The silicon is usually patterned with sub-micrometre precision, into microphotonic components. These operate in the infrared, most commonly at the 1.55 micrometre wavelength used by most fiber optic telecommunication systems. The silicon typically lies on top of a layer of silica in what (by analogy with a similar construction in microelectronics) is known as silicon on insulator (SOI).Silicon photonic devices can be made using existing semiconductor fabrication techniques, and because silicon is already used as the substrate for most integrated circuits, it is possible to create hybrid devices in which the optical and electronic components are integrated onto a single microchip. Consequently, silicon photonics is being actively researched by many electronics manufacturers including IBM and Intel, as well as by academic research groups such as that of Prof. Michal Lipson, who see it is a means for keeping on track with Moore's Law, by using optical interconnects to provide faster data transfer both between and within microchips.The propagation of light through silicon devices is governed by a range of nonlinear optical phenomena including the Kerr effect, the Raman effect, two photon absorption and interactions between photons and free charge carriers. The presence of nonlinearity is of fundamental importance, as it enables light to interact with light, thus permitting applications such as wavelength conversion and all-optical signal routing, in addition to the passive transmission of light.Silicon waveguides are also of great academic interest, due to their ability to support exotic nonlinear optical phenomena such as soliton propagation.
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