Optical path function.
... Æ to focus a beam in a small spot (which is needed for achieving energy and/or spatial resolution) one must accept an increase in the beam divergence High beam divergence along the beamline: Æ large optical devices Æ high costs and low optical qualities With a not brilliant source the spot size can ...
... Æ to focus a beam in a small spot (which is needed for achieving energy and/or spatial resolution) one must accept an increase in the beam divergence High beam divergence along the beamline: Æ large optical devices Æ high costs and low optical qualities With a not brilliant source the spot size can ...
436 KB - The Photonic Systems Group
... modulation speeds of 40 Gb/s and above [13], where the nonlinear interactions among different wavelength channels become less-limiting factors. As a result of the short pulse width and high data rate, optical pulses within one channel are quickly dispersed and overlap significantly so to interact th ...
... modulation speeds of 40 Gb/s and above [13], where the nonlinear interactions among different wavelength channels become less-limiting factors. As a result of the short pulse width and high data rate, optical pulses within one channel are quickly dispersed and overlap significantly so to interact th ...
Optical extinction efficiency measurements on fine
... size determination from angular light scattering measurements, the variation of Qext was measured for the simple case of slowly evaporating 1,2,6-hexanetriol droplets25 and for the more complicated case of hygroscopic growth of sodium chloride droplets.20 Not only does optical confinement of a singl ...
... size determination from angular light scattering measurements, the variation of Qext was measured for the simple case of slowly evaporating 1,2,6-hexanetriol droplets25 and for the more complicated case of hygroscopic growth of sodium chloride droplets.20 Not only does optical confinement of a singl ...
OPTICAL TWEEZERS: Characterization and Systems
... DNA transcription involving a DNA strand and its corresponding protein [7]. They offer high temporal and spatial resolution along with being non invasive to various kinds of specimens, thereby enabling the study of force dynamics of single cell interactions. The focus of this research work is Optica ...
... DNA transcription involving a DNA strand and its corresponding protein [7]. They offer high temporal and spatial resolution along with being non invasive to various kinds of specimens, thereby enabling the study of force dynamics of single cell interactions. The focus of this research work is Optica ...
Volatile Organic Compound Optical Fiber Sensors: A Review
... Evanescent wave sensors usually work in transmissive setups (Figure 6), in which the sensor is connected between the interrogating signal source and the detector, the sensing signal being based on the intensity modulation of the light. Finally, there are other different practical implementations of ...
... Evanescent wave sensors usually work in transmissive setups (Figure 6), in which the sensor is connected between the interrogating signal source and the detector, the sensing signal being based on the intensity modulation of the light. Finally, there are other different practical implementations of ...
A very convenient setup to generate intense VUV coherent light at
... of dominant saturation processes, which are interesting to follow. While a two-photon absorption could limit the first line production efficiency, the detuning from the resonance would change the nature of saturation and its onset. Here modification of the refractive index of nonlinear medium by the i ...
... of dominant saturation processes, which are interesting to follow. While a two-photon absorption could limit the first line production efficiency, the detuning from the resonance would change the nature of saturation and its onset. Here modification of the refractive index of nonlinear medium by the i ...
Ultrashort free-carrier lifetime in low-loss silicon
... micron-scale footprints, and can be fully integrated along with electronics in a CMOSplatform. All of these experiments are enabled by the beneficial material properties of silicon in the telecommunications bands including low linear material losses, high linear refractive index, and large nonlinear ...
... micron-scale footprints, and can be fully integrated along with electronics in a CMOSplatform. All of these experiments are enabled by the beneficial material properties of silicon in the telecommunications bands including low linear material losses, high linear refractive index, and large nonlinear ...
Nonlinear Beam Shaping with Plasmonic Metasurfaces
... optical beams, from an intense beam down to the single-photon level, can be used to control some of their most important physical parameters, including their orbital angular momentum,1 spatial intensity, and evolution.2,3 This enables us to tailor and control the interaction between light and matter ...
... optical beams, from an intense beam down to the single-photon level, can be used to control some of their most important physical parameters, including their orbital angular momentum,1 spatial intensity, and evolution.2,3 This enables us to tailor and control the interaction between light and matter ...
Ultra–large field-of-view two-photon microscopy
... The design of the scan system begins with the selection of the objective. We seek a field-ofview that encompasses 10 mm, a numerical aperture (NA) to achieve 1-µm resolution, and a back aperture that does not exceed 25 mm. The singular choice is a 4-times magnification (f = 45 mm), 0.28 NA air-immer ...
... The design of the scan system begins with the selection of the objective. We seek a field-ofview that encompasses 10 mm, a numerical aperture (NA) to achieve 1-µm resolution, and a back aperture that does not exceed 25 mm. The singular choice is a 4-times magnification (f = 45 mm), 0.28 NA air-immer ...
Physical basis of colors seen in Congo red-stained amyloid
... be crossed. When Congo red-stained amyloid is considered, this arrangement is what is usually meant by ‘polarized light,’ but a more accurate expression is examination of a specimen between crossed polarizer and analyzer. There are two observations to explain, namely, how Congo red-stained amyloid a ...
... be crossed. When Congo red-stained amyloid is considered, this arrangement is what is usually meant by ‘polarized light,’ but a more accurate expression is examination of a specimen between crossed polarizer and analyzer. There are two observations to explain, namely, how Congo red-stained amyloid a ...
Vacuum-ultraviolet to infrared supercontinuum in hydrogen
... Fig. 1. Experimental setup. (a) A kagomé-PCF is filled with hydrogen using a pair of gas cells with MgF2 windows. Ultrashort few-microjoule pulses are launched into the fiber using an achromatic lens. Two chirped mirrors compensate for pulse lengthening in air. (b) Diagnostics. Upper, the VUV spectr ...
... Fig. 1. Experimental setup. (a) A kagomé-PCF is filled with hydrogen using a pair of gas cells with MgF2 windows. Ultrashort few-microjoule pulses are launched into the fiber using an achromatic lens. Two chirped mirrors compensate for pulse lengthening in air. (b) Diagnostics. Upper, the VUV spectr ...
Lec03 - nptel
... Skew rays propagate without passing through the central axis of the fiber. In fact the skew rays go on spiralling around the axis of the optical fiber. The light energy carried by them is effectively confined to an annular region around the axis as shown in figure 3.6. Consequently, at the output, s ...
... Skew rays propagate without passing through the central axis of the fiber. In fact the skew rays go on spiralling around the axis of the optical fiber. The light energy carried by them is effectively confined to an annular region around the axis as shown in figure 3.6. Consequently, at the output, s ...
Active semiconductor-based grating waveguide structures
... with the transmitted part of the light beam. At a specific wavelength and angular orientation of the incident beam the structure resonates—namely, complete interference occurs and no light is transmitted. The basic relation between the resonant photon wavelength, the grating period and the propagati ...
... with the transmitted part of the light beam. At a specific wavelength and angular orientation of the incident beam the structure resonates—namely, complete interference occurs and no light is transmitted. The basic relation between the resonant photon wavelength, the grating period and the propagati ...
Manipulating Atoms with Photons
... corresponding to the selection rule Me − Mg = 1 associated to a σ+ -excitation (see § 2.1). Once the atom has been excited in e+1/2 , it can fall back by spontaneous emission either in g−1/2 , in which case it can repeat the same cycle, or in g+1/2 by emission of a πpolarized photon. In the last cas ...
... corresponding to the selection rule Me − Mg = 1 associated to a σ+ -excitation (see § 2.1). Once the atom has been excited in e+1/2 , it can fall back by spontaneous emission either in g−1/2 , in which case it can repeat the same cycle, or in g+1/2 by emission of a πpolarized photon. In the last cas ...
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 114 (1989) 813-815
... Series of microcrystalline samples were prepared by excimer laser exposure of a-Si:H and by magnetron sputtering with high H concentrations. The Raman spectra of the series of films prepared by excimer laser exposure are shown in Fig. 1. The Raman spectra were excited with -150 mW of 514.5nm radiati ...
... Series of microcrystalline samples were prepared by excimer laser exposure of a-Si:H and by magnetron sputtering with high H concentrations. The Raman spectra of the series of films prepared by excimer laser exposure are shown in Fig. 1. The Raman spectra were excited with -150 mW of 514.5nm radiati ...
Resonant-wavelength control and optical
... thickness is required [3]. In VCSELs, however, the SCH cavity is constrained to be equal to the wavelength , so that the fundamental mode resonance is established about . The only available design freedom is the grading of guiding layers within the SCH, while maintaining the entire width of the SCH ...
... thickness is required [3]. In VCSELs, however, the SCH cavity is constrained to be equal to the wavelength , so that the fundamental mode resonance is established about . The only available design freedom is the grading of guiding layers within the SCH, while maintaining the entire width of the SCH ...
Handbook of Optical Filters for Fluorescence Microscopy
... The quantum efficiency, which is the ratio of light energy absorbed to fluorescence emitted, determines how much of this absorbed light energy will be converted to fluorescence. The most efficient common fluorochromes have a quantum efficiency of approximately 0.3, but the actual value can be reduce ...
... The quantum efficiency, which is the ratio of light energy absorbed to fluorescence emitted, determines how much of this absorbed light energy will be converted to fluorescence. The most efficient common fluorochromes have a quantum efficiency of approximately 0.3, but the actual value can be reduce ...
Applied Fiber Optic Measurement for Geohydraulic Engineering
... vibration sensors for hydroelectric monitoring at the Winooski dam at Vermont. They modified photoelastic (or polarization) based fibre optic pressure sensors. Up to 10 sensors were attached onto each separate multimode fibre. The individual sensors were interrogated via optical frequency domain ref ...
... vibration sensors for hydroelectric monitoring at the Winooski dam at Vermont. They modified photoelastic (or polarization) based fibre optic pressure sensors. Up to 10 sensors were attached onto each separate multimode fibre. The individual sensors were interrogated via optical frequency domain ref ...
THE VARIATION O F .THE STRESS OPTICAL COEFFICIENT WITH
... potash-rbarium and borosilicate glasses. Babcock (1968, 1969) demonstrated that certain physical properties vary linearly in primary phase fields and so can be accurately predicted by computer if the composition of the glass is known. ...
... potash-rbarium and borosilicate glasses. Babcock (1968, 1969) demonstrated that certain physical properties vary linearly in primary phase fields and so can be accurately predicted by computer if the composition of the glass is known. ...
Symbolic computation and solitons of the nonlinear Schro¨dinger
... Remark: (1) When setting C1 = 0, M(z) = 0, the Theorems 1–2 [17] and Theorems 1–2 [18] can be reproduced by our solutions (11) and (12); (2) When setting M(z) = 0, the solutions obtained in [23] can also be recovered by selecting arbitrary functions and arbitrary constants suitably; (3) The solution ...
... Remark: (1) When setting C1 = 0, M(z) = 0, the Theorems 1–2 [17] and Theorems 1–2 [18] can be reproduced by our solutions (11) and (12); (2) When setting M(z) = 0, the solutions obtained in [23] can also be recovered by selecting arbitrary functions and arbitrary constants suitably; (3) The solution ...
Full-text PDF - Research School of Physics and Engineering
... In spite of the fact that, generally speaking, there exist no universal analytical tools for analyzing solitary waves and their interactions in nonintegrable models, recent advances of the theory suggest that many of the properties of optical solitons in non-Kerr media are similar, and they can be a ...
... In spite of the fact that, generally speaking, there exist no universal analytical tools for analyzing solitary waves and their interactions in nonintegrable models, recent advances of the theory suggest that many of the properties of optical solitons in non-Kerr media are similar, and they can be a ...
A guide to super-resolution fluorescence microscopy
... molecular or even molecular levels (Table I). Some of these technologies have now matured from the breadboard stage to commercially available imaging systems, making them increasingly attractive for broad applications and defining a new state of the art. Conceptually, one can discern near-field from ...
... molecular or even molecular levels (Table I). Some of these technologies have now matured from the breadboard stage to commercially available imaging systems, making them increasingly attractive for broad applications and defining a new state of the art. Conceptually, one can discern near-field from ...
... Abstract A material that is enabling integrated optics is the ferroelectric crystal Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3 ), which has excellent electro-optical, acoustooptical and nonlinear optical properties. Moreover, it can be doped with laser-active ions and allows for simple fabrication of low-loss optica ...
Confocal optical microscopy
... finite aperture of the objective lens. If some other aperture in a plane conjugate to the pupil is smaller than the pupil of the objective lens, then that smaller aperture will control the resolution. For most microscopes (and indeed for most optical devices) the field of view is less than 1000 reso ...
... finite aperture of the objective lens. If some other aperture in a plane conjugate to the pupil is smaller than the pupil of the objective lens, then that smaller aperture will control the resolution. For most microscopes (and indeed for most optical devices) the field of view is less than 1000 reso ...
3D optical data storage
3D optical data storage is the term given to any form of optical data storage in which information can be recorded and/or read with three-dimensional resolution (as opposed to the two-dimensional resolution afforded, for example, by CD).This innovation has the potential to provide petabyte-level mass storage on DVD-sized discs (120mm). Data recording and readback are achieved by focusing lasers within the medium. However, because of the volumetric nature of the data structure, the laser light must travel through other data points before it reaches the point where reading or recording is desired. Therefore, some kind of nonlinearity is required to ensure that these other data points do not interfere with the addressing of the desired point.No commercial product based on 3D optical data storage has yet arrived on the mass market, although several companies are actively developing the technology and claim that it may become available ""soon"".