and urban cows and urban cows
... Nowadays, the valuable wetlands have mostly been replaced by sand beaches and artificial environments in the coastal health resorts. It is rare that in Pärnu the high-valued natural coastal area is preserved along with urban space. ...
... Nowadays, the valuable wetlands have mostly been replaced by sand beaches and artificial environments in the coastal health resorts. It is rare that in Pärnu the high-valued natural coastal area is preserved along with urban space. ...
effects of interspecific competition and multiple predators
... effects of predation (also called intimidation) have been widely studied, especially among rodents. There are several studies showing responses of small mammals to olfactory or auditory cues of predators (see Norrdahl and Korpimäki 2000, Ylönen and Brown 2007 for reviews). These responses (antipreda ...
... effects of predation (also called intimidation) have been widely studied, especially among rodents. There are several studies showing responses of small mammals to olfactory or auditory cues of predators (see Norrdahl and Korpimäki 2000, Ylönen and Brown 2007 for reviews). These responses (antipreda ...
-portal.org Ecology and Evolution
... Forestry is continually changing the habitats for many forest-dwelling species around the world. The grey-sided vole (Myodes rufocanus) has declined since the 1970s in forests of northern Sweden. Previous studies suggested that this might partly be caused by reduced focal forest patch size due to cl ...
... Forestry is continually changing the habitats for many forest-dwelling species around the world. The grey-sided vole (Myodes rufocanus) has declined since the 1970s in forests of northern Sweden. Previous studies suggested that this might partly be caused by reduced focal forest patch size due to cl ...
Large-scale spatial dynamics of vole populations in Finland
... otus L.) and the rough-legged buzzard (Buteo lagopus Pontoppidan) to study spatial population dynamics of voles. 3. We demonstrate that the breeding success of the avian predators is highly dependent on the abundance of voles, which is also reflected in the numbers of nestlings ringed in a particula ...
... otus L.) and the rough-legged buzzard (Buteo lagopus Pontoppidan) to study spatial population dynamics of voles. 3. We demonstrate that the breeding success of the avian predators is highly dependent on the abundance of voles, which is also reflected in the numbers of nestlings ringed in a particula ...
Mustela nivalis
... (Jackson, 1961). The habitat that is selected by M. nivalis is usually associated with a high density of rodents. These areas include farmlands, grassy fields and meadows, hedgerows and open forests. Mustela nivalis prefer to stay out of dense forests, which lack food and cover (Sheffield and King, ...
... (Jackson, 1961). The habitat that is selected by M. nivalis is usually associated with a high density of rodents. These areas include farmlands, grassy fields and meadows, hedgerows and open forests. Mustela nivalis prefer to stay out of dense forests, which lack food and cover (Sheffield and King, ...
Appendix 9.4 Water Vole Mitigation Strategy - Stratford-on
... equation it is estimated that there could be 34 water voles using the ditches and ponds on the site, which is considered to be a relatively small population. ...
... equation it is estimated that there could be 34 water voles using the ditches and ponds on the site, which is considered to be a relatively small population. ...
Effects of resource abundance on habitat selection and spatial
... 2001; MCDONALD and ST CLAIR 2004) have been used. These studies have contributed significantly to the understanding of small mammal biology, however there are some important methodological drawbacks that should be taken into consideration when using these methods, and which leave room for improvemen ...
... 2001; MCDONALD and ST CLAIR 2004) have been used. These studies have contributed significantly to the understanding of small mammal biology, however there are some important methodological drawbacks that should be taken into consideration when using these methods, and which leave room for improvemen ...
long-term effects of rodent herbivores on tree invasion dynamics
... enclosures at each of the five study sites in August– September of 1998. Within each enclosure, we determined the total number and species composition of all seedlings found within a series of 1.4 3 1.4 m quadrats. Seven regularly spaced quadrats were used to sample undisturbed vegetation in each of ...
... enclosures at each of the five study sites in August– September of 1998. Within each enclosure, we determined the total number and species composition of all seedlings found within a series of 1.4 3 1.4 m quadrats. Seven regularly spaced quadrats were used to sample undisturbed vegetation in each of ...
The Mesolithic mammal fauna of Great Britain
... When Britain was covered almost completely in woodland, about 7000 years ago (Bennett, 1988), the mammal fauna must have been very different from what it is now; not only were several now-extinct large mammals present, and none of the now-abundant introduced species, but the community relations (lar ...
... When Britain was covered almost completely in woodland, about 7000 years ago (Bennett, 1988), the mammal fauna must have been very different from what it is now; not only were several now-extinct large mammals present, and none of the now-abundant introduced species, but the community relations (lar ...
Warwickshire Local Biodiversity Action Plan
... there. The species has an average lifespan of 1.5 years. Water voles are predominantly herbivorous, eating 80% of their body weight a day and favouring open vegetation with luxuriant marginal / emergent plants and bank-side grasses, reeds and sedges; they will also eat apples. However, a mosaic of v ...
... there. The species has an average lifespan of 1.5 years. Water voles are predominantly herbivorous, eating 80% of their body weight a day and favouring open vegetation with luxuriant marginal / emergent plants and bank-side grasses, reeds and sedges; they will also eat apples. However, a mosaic of v ...
Predators indirectly protect tundra plants by reducing herbivore
... (S1-4 and L1-4 in Oksanen et al. 1999, respectively). Both localities were about 10 km from the lake. The nutrient-rich slope was characterized by generally high mammalian and avian predator densities, and even in the more barren area, activity of mammalian predators was high during the decline of v ...
... (S1-4 and L1-4 in Oksanen et al. 1999, respectively). Both localities were about 10 km from the lake. The nutrient-rich slope was characterized by generally high mammalian and avian predator densities, and even in the more barren area, activity of mammalian predators was high during the decline of v ...
1091-Lec10(TrapA)
... Sink (poor habitat) areas where local productivity is less than local mortality ...
... Sink (poor habitat) areas where local productivity is less than local mortality ...
Apparent predation risk: tests of habitat selection theory reveal
... such as reduced prey activity in the presence of predators (Peacor and Werner, 1997), may themselves ‘cascade’ across trophic levels [examples include reduced consumption of lower trophic levels as well as differential responses of alternative prey species that modify their interactions with one ano ...
... such as reduced prey activity in the presence of predators (Peacor and Werner, 1997), may themselves ‘cascade’ across trophic levels [examples include reduced consumption of lower trophic levels as well as differential responses of alternative prey species that modify their interactions with one ano ...
Creating ponds for water voles
... Ponds which have banks more than 10 m apart, without islands, are often avoided by water voles, perhaps because the far bank is too distant for the voles to use for foraging and burrowing. In ponds and lakes, islands are particularly valuable for water voles; they provide protection from terrestrial ...
... Ponds which have banks more than 10 m apart, without islands, are often avoided by water voles, perhaps because the far bank is too distant for the voles to use for foraging and burrowing. In ponds and lakes, islands are particularly valuable for water voles; they provide protection from terrestrial ...
4. alpine and meadow ecosystems
... models suggest increasing summer drought and and will depend on connectivity and suitable habitat freezing rain over the winter months. Freezing availability at lower elevations. rain can incase plants necessary to the pika diet in ice and render them inedible; while drought The Cascade red fox, an ...
... models suggest increasing summer drought and and will depend on connectivity and suitable habitat freezing rain over the winter months. Freezing availability at lower elevations. rain can incase plants necessary to the pika diet in ice and render them inedible; while drought The Cascade red fox, an ...
info EQ
... A population is all the individuals of the same species within a community. The maximum rate of reproduction of a population is its biotic potential. This is the rate at which a population would produce offspring if every new individual lived and reproduced at maximum capacity. Populations never ach ...
... A population is all the individuals of the same species within a community. The maximum rate of reproduction of a population is its biotic potential. This is the rate at which a population would produce offspring if every new individual lived and reproduced at maximum capacity. Populations never ach ...
Wooded habitat edges as refugia from microtine herbivory in
... native prairie increases, the study of edge effects on prairie small-mammal and plant communities becomes more crucial. One small mammal, the meadow vole (Microtus pennsyl6anicus), is of particular interest for edge studies because of its high abundance and widespread distribution. Meadow voles are ...
... native prairie increases, the study of edge effects on prairie small-mammal and plant communities becomes more crucial. One small mammal, the meadow vole (Microtus pennsyl6anicus), is of particular interest for edge studies because of its high abundance and widespread distribution. Meadow voles are ...
Do delayed effects of overgrazing explain population cycles in voles?
... were herbs like Galeopsis spp. (L.) and Ranunculus spp. (L.). Because field voles have a varied diet with grasses and low-growing herbs as main food items (Hansson 1971, Stenseth et al. 1977), study sites were natural habitats for the field vole. ...
... were herbs like Galeopsis spp. (L.) and Ranunculus spp. (L.). Because field voles have a varied diet with grasses and low-growing herbs as main food items (Hansson 1971, Stenseth et al. 1977), study sites were natural habitats for the field vole. ...
“Conservation of small mammals and associated ecosystems” policy
... Conservation of small mammals and associated ecosystems: the importance of European policies and actions Voles and lemmings are often subject to population cycles with alternating periods of high and low density. Plants and animals sharing the environment with these small rodents adapt to and may de ...
... Conservation of small mammals and associated ecosystems: the importance of European policies and actions Voles and lemmings are often subject to population cycles with alternating periods of high and low density. Plants and animals sharing the environment with these small rodents adapt to and may de ...
Meadow viper Vipera ursinii
... of lowland meadow viper habitat. However, reinstatement of water tables can also be a problem if not thought out as it risks drowning snakes, or freezing them during hibernation; • Persecution: Despite its strict protection under EU law, the meadow snake is still persecuted in places by people who m ...
... of lowland meadow viper habitat. However, reinstatement of water tables can also be a problem if not thought out as it risks drowning snakes, or freezing them during hibernation; • Persecution: Despite its strict protection under EU law, the meadow snake is still persecuted in places by people who m ...
Population dynamics of small game
... warming. A study from black grouse in Central Finland supports this idea (Ludwig 2007, Ph. D., University of ...
... warming. A study from black grouse in Central Finland supports this idea (Ludwig 2007, Ph. D., University of ...
water voles require vegetation along
... future. With no action, we expect that the Cotswold Rivers will lose their water vole populations within 10 years. ...
... future. With no action, we expect that the Cotswold Rivers will lose their water vole populations within 10 years. ...
Comparing Ecosystems
... Your schoolyard, local parks, farms, and managed forests are artificial ecosystems. An artificial ecosystem is planned or maintained by humans. Lakes, rivers, forests, deserts, and meadows can all be classified as natural ecosystems. In a natural ecosystem, the living community is free to interact w ...
... Your schoolyard, local parks, farms, and managed forests are artificial ecosystems. An artificial ecosystem is planned or maintained by humans. Lakes, rivers, forests, deserts, and meadows can all be classified as natural ecosystems. In a natural ecosystem, the living community is free to interact w ...
Meadow vole
The meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus), sometimes called the field mouse or meadow mouse, is a North American vole found across Canada, Alaska and the northern United States. Its range extends further south along the Atlantic coast. One subspecies, the Florida salt marsh vole (M. p. dukecampbelli), is found in Florida, and is classified as endangered. Previously it was also found in Chihuahua, Mexico, but has not been recorded since 1998.The meadow vole is active year-round, usually at night. It also digs underground burrows, where it stores food for the winter and females give birth to their young. Although these animals tend to live close together, they are aggressive towards one another. This is particularly evident in males during the breeding season. They can cause damage to fruit trees, garden plants, and commercial grain crops.