Magister Elephantorum : A Reappraisal of Hannibal`s
... Africi resistunt), declined to pit them against the Indians of Antiochus III (Livy 37.39.13), perhaps because these were equipped with “towers placed upon their backs” (tergo impositae turres), whereas those of the Romans were not (Livy 37.40.4). 28 Yet the failure of the African elephants at Raphia ...
... Africi resistunt), declined to pit them against the Indians of Antiochus III (Livy 37.39.13), perhaps because these were equipped with “towers placed upon their backs” (tergo impositae turres), whereas those of the Romans were not (Livy 37.40.4). 28 Yet the failure of the African elephants at Raphia ...
the dramatic elements in livy`s history
... narrative. There is, however, more to the term 'dramatic' than normally meets the eye: In its everyday meaning this term denotes the shocking, the dreadful, the awe-inspiring nature of an action or event, but this narrowed sense does not do justice to the full spectrum of the meaning of this word. T ...
... narrative. There is, however, more to the term 'dramatic' than normally meets the eye: In its everyday meaning this term denotes the shocking, the dreadful, the awe-inspiring nature of an action or event, but this narrowed sense does not do justice to the full spectrum of the meaning of this word. T ...
Antony and Armenia - SelectedWorks
... Antony, Octavian, and Cleopatra and of what annexation actually entails. The latter is especially difficult. One may encounter imprecision about, e.g., the terms “province” and “client state,” as in Eleanor H ...
... Antony, Octavian, and Cleopatra and of what annexation actually entails. The latter is especially difficult. One may encounter imprecision about, e.g., the terms “province” and “client state,” as in Eleanor H ...
Cicero`s Catilinarian Orations: A Study in
... means Which he employed to secure a favorable popular reaction toward the banis bing of Catiline. ...
... means Which he employed to secure a favorable popular reaction toward the banis bing of Catiline. ...
Book 1
... which was for those days a prosperous and wealthy city, with a superabundant population, and built a new city at the foot of the Alban hills, which from its position, stretching along the side of the hill, was called "Alba Longa." An interval of thirty years elapsed between the foundation of Laviniu ...
... which was for those days a prosperous and wealthy city, with a superabundant population, and built a new city at the foot of the Alban hills, which from its position, stretching along the side of the hill, was called "Alba Longa." An interval of thirty years elapsed between the foundation of Laviniu ...
Elephants as Enemies in Ancient Rome
... elephants could be trained to do work which assisted human efforts to gain security and prosperity. Though never domesticated, elephants could be tamed and might even form close bonds with their human handlers. In India and Africa, where elephants were indigenous and where herds of them roamed in wi ...
... elephants could be trained to do work which assisted human efforts to gain security and prosperity. Though never domesticated, elephants could be tamed and might even form close bonds with their human handlers. In India and Africa, where elephants were indigenous and where herds of them roamed in wi ...
Suetonius The Twelve Caesars - Academic Research Collections
... Translation © 2010 A. S. Kline, All Rights Reserved This work MAY be FREELY reproduced, stored and transmitted, electronically or otherwise, for any NON-COMMERCIAL purpose. ...
... Translation © 2010 A. S. Kline, All Rights Reserved This work MAY be FREELY reproduced, stored and transmitted, electronically or otherwise, for any NON-COMMERCIAL purpose. ...
Coriolanus: The Tragedy of Virtus
... apparent and problematical. The epitomes of Florus, frequently reprinted with Livy, and also a school-text in Renaissance England, present the problem even more sharply. Florus's four books are organized under rubrics that alternate external wars and internal discords. In Book I, after sections on t ...
... apparent and problematical. The epitomes of Florus, frequently reprinted with Livy, and also a school-text in Renaissance England, present the problem even more sharply. Florus's four books are organized under rubrics that alternate external wars and internal discords. In Book I, after sections on t ...
Imperial Representations of Clementia: from Augustus to Marcus
... which continued to exist throughout the imperial period. Furthermore, she argues that, beginning with Augustus, clemency became necessary in the attempt to Romanize the conquered world. Only through the use of clementia would there be peace and would the assimilation of the barbarians be successful. ...
... which continued to exist throughout the imperial period. Furthermore, she argues that, beginning with Augustus, clemency became necessary in the attempt to Romanize the conquered world. Only through the use of clementia would there be peace and would the assimilation of the barbarians be successful. ...
Document
... In teaching History, there is always a major problem to be confronted: there isn’t any date at which you can begin. You try to start with a given year, but in order to understand what happened then you need to find out the background to the events of that year, which might mean going back decades. In ...
... In teaching History, there is always a major problem to be confronted: there isn’t any date at which you can begin. You try to start with a given year, but in order to understand what happened then you need to find out the background to the events of that year, which might mean going back decades. In ...
LIVY, VEII, AND ROME: AB URBE CONDITA, BOOK V by KARL
... Seven times they have made war; they were never trustworthy in peace; countless times they have devastated our fields; they coerced the Fidenates to defect from us; they have murdered our colonists; they went against the law in the impious murder of our ambassadors; they wanted to incite all Etruria ...
... Seven times they have made war; they were never trustworthy in peace; countless times they have devastated our fields; they coerced the Fidenates to defect from us; they have murdered our colonists; they went against the law in the impious murder of our ambassadors; they wanted to incite all Etruria ...
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center
... Now I imagine myself like those wading in the shallow water near the shore who are drawn into the sea, since howsoever much I shuffle forth, I am carried into a deeper depth and even as the deep sea is crossed the work almost seems to grow, although it seemed to be diminishing when I had completed t ...
... Now I imagine myself like those wading in the shallow water near the shore who are drawn into the sea, since howsoever much I shuffle forth, I am carried into a deeper depth and even as the deep sea is crossed the work almost seems to grow, although it seemed to be diminishing when I had completed t ...
Binary Oppositions in The Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra
... with Cleopatra, the Egyptian queen, and then lived in Egypt with Cleopatra and neglected his duty as one of the triumvirs in Rome. Shakespeare’s Antony underwent inner conflicts between love and duty. He is a “high mimetic mode” of tragic hero according to Northrop Frye’s fictional modes: “the hero ...
... with Cleopatra, the Egyptian queen, and then lived in Egypt with Cleopatra and neglected his duty as one of the triumvirs in Rome. Shakespeare’s Antony underwent inner conflicts between love and duty. He is a “high mimetic mode” of tragic hero according to Northrop Frye’s fictional modes: “the hero ...
Alluding to Reality: towards a Typology of Historiographical
... and .), is the historian making the general collude with him? What about Polybius’ citation of Laelius (..)? Does the latter share in the authorship of Scipio Africanus as he emerges from Polybius’ rolls? I will consider sources and where historiographic substance originates further below, b ...
... and .), is the historian making the general collude with him? What about Polybius’ citation of Laelius (..)? Does the latter share in the authorship of Scipio Africanus as he emerges from Polybius’ rolls? I will consider sources and where historiographic substance originates further below, b ...
Shakespeare`s Four Roman Plays Fall Semester 2016 Page 1 of
... were many families with the name Shakespeare in and around Stratford. "Shakespeare" appears countless times in town minutes and court records, spelled in a variety of ways, from Shagspere to Chacsper. Unfortunately, there are very few records that reveal William Shakespeare's relationship to or with ...
... were many families with the name Shakespeare in and around Stratford. "Shakespeare" appears countless times in town minutes and court records, spelled in a variety of ways, from Shagspere to Chacsper. Unfortunately, there are very few records that reveal William Shakespeare's relationship to or with ...
Roman army of the late Republic
The Roman army of the late Republic refers to the armed forces deployed by the late Roman Republic, from the beginning of the first century B.C. until the establishment of the Imperial Roman army by Augustus in 30 B.C.Shaped by major social, political, and economic change, the late Republic saw the transition from the Roman army of the mid-Republic, which was a temporary levy based solely on the conscription of Roman citizens, to the Imperial Roman army of the Principate, which was a standing, professional army based on the recruitment of volunteers.Continuous expansion, wars, conflicts, and the acquisition of a growing, overseas territory led to an increasing degree of professionalism within the army. The late-Republic saw much of its action taking place within the Roman borders and between Roman commanders as they vied for control of the republic. There was a significant intertwining of military and politics in the acquisition and maintenance of power. After the Social War, and following the establishment of the First Triumvirate by Julius Caesar, Licinius Crassus, and Pompeius Magnus, there grew an emphasis on the expansion of a united republic toward regions such as Britain and Parthia. The effort to quell the invasions and revolts of non-Romans persisted throughout the period, from Marius’ battles with the wandering Germans in Italy to Caesars campaign in Gaul.After the completion of the Social War in 88 B.C., Roman citizenship was granted to all its Italian allies (the socii) south of the Po River. The alae were abolished, and the socii were from now on recruited directly into uniformly organized and equipped legions. The non-Italian allies that had long fought for Rome (e.g. Gallic and Numidian cavalry) continued to serve alongside the legions but remained irregular units under their own leaders.For reasons that remain uncertain to this day, the structure of the Roman army changed dramatically during the late Republic. The maniple, which had been the standard unit throughout the mid-Republic, was replaced by the cohort as the new standard tactical unit of the legions, while the Roman citizen cavalry (equites) and light infantry (velites) disappeared from the battlefield. Traditionally, many of these changes have been attributed to the reforms of Gaius Marius (see Marian reforms), but some scholars argue that they may have happened far more gradually