LIPIDS
... Triacylglycerols Provide Stored Energy and Insulation In most eukaryotic cells, triacylglycerols form a separate phase of microscopic, oily droplets in the aqueous cytosol, serving as depots of metabolic fuel. In vertebrates, specialized cells called adipocytes, or fat cells, store large amounts of ...
... Triacylglycerols Provide Stored Energy and Insulation In most eukaryotic cells, triacylglycerols form a separate phase of microscopic, oily droplets in the aqueous cytosol, serving as depots of metabolic fuel. In vertebrates, specialized cells called adipocytes, or fat cells, store large amounts of ...
Untitled
... Cholesterol in the intercellular lipid domain of the horny layer is roughly perpendicular to the bilayer surface, and is thought to improve both plasticity and rigidity of the membranes. Cholesterol sulfate is important for cell to cell cohesion in the stratum corneum. Any alteration of cholesterol ...
... Cholesterol in the intercellular lipid domain of the horny layer is roughly perpendicular to the bilayer surface, and is thought to improve both plasticity and rigidity of the membranes. Cholesterol sulfate is important for cell to cell cohesion in the stratum corneum. Any alteration of cholesterol ...
lipid raft
... cholesterol & sphingolipids surrounded by regions that are primarily phospholipids The mobility of the cholesterol-rich regions leads to the term lipid raft ...
... cholesterol & sphingolipids surrounded by regions that are primarily phospholipids The mobility of the cholesterol-rich regions leads to the term lipid raft ...
3070 Lecture
... • Artificial Bilayer Lipid Membranes (“BLMs”) can be formed across small millimeter- sized holes by “painting” the lipid mixture over the hole and allowing it to spontaneously form an artificial bilayer. When formed, the bilayer looks black due to destructive interference of refracted light. ...
... • Artificial Bilayer Lipid Membranes (“BLMs”) can be formed across small millimeter- sized holes by “painting” the lipid mixture over the hole and allowing it to spontaneously form an artificial bilayer. When formed, the bilayer looks black due to destructive interference of refracted light. ...
Лекция 3. Биологические мембраны. Обмен
... (12:0, MY 200), for example, has a solubility of 0.063 mg/g of w a t e r much less than that of glucose (Mr 180), which is 1,100 mg/g of water. The longer the fatty acyl chain and the fewer the double bonds, the lower the solubility in water (Table 9-1). The carboxylic acid group is polar (and ioniz ...
... (12:0, MY 200), for example, has a solubility of 0.063 mg/g of w a t e r much less than that of glucose (Mr 180), which is 1,100 mg/g of water. The longer the fatty acyl chain and the fewer the double bonds, the lower the solubility in water (Table 9-1). The carboxylic acid group is polar (and ioniz ...
3-Lipids
... Exist in very small amounts in natural foods. Trans fatty acids lowers HDL level and raises total blood cholesterol They also raise plasma conc. Of lipoprotein – anthrogenic lipoprotein. Trans fatty acids are formed when vegetable oils are hydrogenated during the formation of margarine etc. Li ...
... Exist in very small amounts in natural foods. Trans fatty acids lowers HDL level and raises total blood cholesterol They also raise plasma conc. Of lipoprotein – anthrogenic lipoprotein. Trans fatty acids are formed when vegetable oils are hydrogenated during the formation of margarine etc. Li ...
RBC and WBC fatty acid composition following consumption of an
... the biggest increase from baseline to 3 capsules per day, an increase of 3.2%. The increase from 3 to 6 capsules was less than half as much, an additional 1.3% to a total of 4.5% of the total fatty acids were omega 3. There was no additional increase when the consumption of the omega 3 supplement wa ...
... the biggest increase from baseline to 3 capsules per day, an increase of 3.2%. The increase from 3 to 6 capsules was less than half as much, an additional 1.3% to a total of 4.5% of the total fatty acids were omega 3. There was no additional increase when the consumption of the omega 3 supplement wa ...
Lipids - OpenStudy
... The lipids are a large and diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds. They are soluble in non polar organic solvents like ether, chloroform, acetone & benzene, and generally insoluble in water. Though there is great structural variety among the lipids, the property of their solubilities ...
... The lipids are a large and diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds. They are soluble in non polar organic solvents like ether, chloroform, acetone & benzene, and generally insoluble in water. Though there is great structural variety among the lipids, the property of their solubilities ...
O–CH 2 - IS MU
... COX-2 inhibitors They are proposed to act as potent anti-inflammatory agents by inhibiting COX-2 activity, without the gastrointestinal (stomach ulcer) and antiplatelet side effects associated with NSAIDs Examples: celecoxib, rofecoxib However further studies indicated that specific COX-2 inhibitor ...
... COX-2 inhibitors They are proposed to act as potent anti-inflammatory agents by inhibiting COX-2 activity, without the gastrointestinal (stomach ulcer) and antiplatelet side effects associated with NSAIDs Examples: celecoxib, rofecoxib However further studies indicated that specific COX-2 inhibitor ...
6 Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells 1
... Phospholipids do not dissolve when they are placed in water. Water molecules interact with the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipids, but not with their hydrophobic tails. Instead of dissolving in water, then, phospholipids may form one of two types of structures: micelles or lipid bilayers. Micell ...
... Phospholipids do not dissolve when they are placed in water. Water molecules interact with the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipids, but not with their hydrophobic tails. Instead of dissolving in water, then, phospholipids may form one of two types of structures: micelles or lipid bilayers. Micell ...
Dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in immunity and - Direct-MS
... necrosis factor-a, showing decreased production of these cytokines (Calder, 1996). Administration of 12-0tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetateinduces tumour necrosis factor-a gene expression in human HL-60 cells through arachidonic acid metabolites acting as regulating messengers (Horiguchi et al. 1989). ...
... necrosis factor-a, showing decreased production of these cytokines (Calder, 1996). Administration of 12-0tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetateinduces tumour necrosis factor-a gene expression in human HL-60 cells through arachidonic acid metabolites acting as regulating messengers (Horiguchi et al. 1989). ...
NATURE OF LIPIDS. Lipids have a hydrophobic nature because of
... The liver is the formation site of: a. Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), which transport triacylglycerols from the liver to other tissues b. High-density lipoproteins (HDL), which transport excess cholesterol from other tissues to the liver and are sometimes referred to as "good" cholesterol The ...
... The liver is the formation site of: a. Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), which transport triacylglycerols from the liver to other tissues b. High-density lipoproteins (HDL), which transport excess cholesterol from other tissues to the liver and are sometimes referred to as "good" cholesterol The ...
Case Study: Membranes - Theoretical and Computational
... primary way in which fats are stored for energy needs of an organism. The most prevalent type of lipid found in biological membranes are phospholipids. Phospholipids have a glycerol phosphate where the glycerol is esterified in the C1 and C2 positions to two fatty acids, and the phosphoryl group to ...
... primary way in which fats are stored for energy needs of an organism. The most prevalent type of lipid found in biological membranes are phospholipids. Phospholipids have a glycerol phosphate where the glycerol is esterified in the C1 and C2 positions to two fatty acids, and the phosphoryl group to ...
Lehninger ch10
... Different organisms have different membrane lipid head group compositions Different tissues have different membrane lipid head group compositions ...
... Different organisms have different membrane lipid head group compositions Different tissues have different membrane lipid head group compositions ...
Cholesterol
... Fatty Acids are degraded by beta oxidation, occurs in mitochondria of liver, muscle and adipose tissue ...
... Fatty Acids are degraded by beta oxidation, occurs in mitochondria of liver, muscle and adipose tissue ...
Lecture 18 Membranes 1: Lipids and Lipid Bilayers
... • LIPIDS (definition): water-insoluble biomolecules that are highly soluble in organic solvents – Biological functions: • fuels (highly concentrated energy stores) • signaling molecules • membrane components • Membrane lipid functions: – bilayer structure → compartments/permeability barriers – provi ...
... • LIPIDS (definition): water-insoluble biomolecules that are highly soluble in organic solvents – Biological functions: • fuels (highly concentrated energy stores) • signaling molecules • membrane components • Membrane lipid functions: – bilayer structure → compartments/permeability barriers – provi ...
Fatty acids
... their spontaneous breakdown product, acetone) that are produced by the liver from fatty acids during periods of low food intake (fasting), carbohydrate restrictive diets, starvation, prolonged intense exercise, or in untreated (or inadequately treated) type 1 diabetes mellitus. These ketone bodies a ...
... their spontaneous breakdown product, acetone) that are produced by the liver from fatty acids during periods of low food intake (fasting), carbohydrate restrictive diets, starvation, prolonged intense exercise, or in untreated (or inadequately treated) type 1 diabetes mellitus. These ketone bodies a ...
PPT File
... Sphingolipids at cell surfaces are sites of biological recognition Johann Thudichum discovered sphingolipids a century ago and named them after the Sphinx. In human, at least 60 different sphingolipids have been identified in cellular membranes. ...
... Sphingolipids at cell surfaces are sites of biological recognition Johann Thudichum discovered sphingolipids a century ago and named them after the Sphinx. In human, at least 60 different sphingolipids have been identified in cellular membranes. ...
Chapter 24 – Lipids_Summary
... -Sphingolipids are phospholipid derivatives of the amino alcohol sphingosine. -The sphingomyelins are major constituents of the myelin sheath coating of nerves fibers. -Glycolipids are similar to sphingomyelins but have a carbohydrate portion in place of phosphate. FYI: Many glycolipids such as cere ...
... -Sphingolipids are phospholipid derivatives of the amino alcohol sphingosine. -The sphingomyelins are major constituents of the myelin sheath coating of nerves fibers. -Glycolipids are similar to sphingomyelins but have a carbohydrate portion in place of phosphate. FYI: Many glycolipids such as cere ...
Membranes 1: Lipids and Lipid Bilayers
... sometimes generation of signals, chemical or electrical, e.g.,nerve impulses 3) ENERGY CONVERSION - ordered arrays of enzymes and other proteins, organization of reaction sequences a) photosynthesis (light energy → chemical bond energy): inner membranes of chloroplasts, and plasma membranes of some ...
... sometimes generation of signals, chemical or electrical, e.g.,nerve impulses 3) ENERGY CONVERSION - ordered arrays of enzymes and other proteins, organization of reaction sequences a) photosynthesis (light energy → chemical bond energy): inner membranes of chloroplasts, and plasma membranes of some ...
Membranes 1: Lipids and Lipid Bilayers
... a) photosynthesis (light energy → chemical bond energy): inner membranes of chloroplasts, and plasma membranes of some prokaryotes b) oxidative phosphorylation (oxidation of fuel molecules → chemical bond energy "stored" in ATP): inner membranes of mitochondria, and plasma membranes of prokaryotes ...
... a) photosynthesis (light energy → chemical bond energy): inner membranes of chloroplasts, and plasma membranes of some prokaryotes b) oxidative phosphorylation (oxidation of fuel molecules → chemical bond energy "stored" in ATP): inner membranes of mitochondria, and plasma membranes of prokaryotes ...
Lipids lecture(5) by Prof.Dr.Moaed Al
... Ceramides are intermediates of sphingolipid synthesis. There are three families of sphingolipids: 1) sphingomyelin - phosphocholine attached to C-1 hydroxyl group of ceramide; present in the myelin sheaths around some peripheral nerves. 2) 2)cerebrosides - glycosphingolipid; has 1 -glycosidic li ...
... Ceramides are intermediates of sphingolipid synthesis. There are three families of sphingolipids: 1) sphingomyelin - phosphocholine attached to C-1 hydroxyl group of ceramide; present in the myelin sheaths around some peripheral nerves. 2) 2)cerebrosides - glycosphingolipid; has 1 -glycosidic li ...
Advances in Environmental Biology Patients
... reduce in duration of tumor growth was short and increase in the life of patients was not successful and resistance against chemotherapy was observed. Considering that molecular mechanism of drug resistance has not been yet identified properly, so better understanding of tumor generation and overcom ...
... reduce in duration of tumor growth was short and increase in the life of patients was not successful and resistance against chemotherapy was observed. Considering that molecular mechanism of drug resistance has not been yet identified properly, so better understanding of tumor generation and overcom ...
Lecture 17
... Glycosphingolipids • Glycosphingolipids are ceramides + sugars at C1 • Cerebrosides – one sugar attached • Typically glucose or galactose • Gangliosides – one or more sialic acid attached • Different gangliosides differ in position and number of sialic acid • These molecules are especially common in ...
... Glycosphingolipids • Glycosphingolipids are ceramides + sugars at C1 • Cerebrosides – one sugar attached • Typically glucose or galactose • Gangliosides – one or more sialic acid attached • Different gangliosides differ in position and number of sialic acid • These molecules are especially common in ...
Sulfatide
Sulfatide, also known as 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide, SM4, or sulfated galactocerebroside, is a class of sulfolipids, specifically a class of sulfoglycolipids, which are glycolipids that contain a sulfate group. Sulfatide is synthesized primarily starting in the endoplasmic reticulum and ending in the Golgi apparatus where ceramide is converted to galactocerebroside and later sulfated to make sulfatide. Of all of the galactolipids that are found in the myelin sheath, one fifth of them are sulfatide. Sulfatide is primarily found on the extracellular leaflet of the myelin plasma membrane produced by the oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and in the Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. However, sulfatide is also present on the extracellular leaflet of the plasma membrane of many cells in eukaryotic organisms.Since sulfatide is a multifunctional molecule, it can be used in multiple biological areas. Aside from being a membrane component, sulfatide functions in protein trafficking, cell aggregation and adhesion, neural plasticity, memory, and glial-axon interactions. Sulfatide also plays a role in several physiological processes and systems including, the nervous system, the immune system, insulin secretion, blood clotting, viral infection, and bacterial infection. As a result, sulfatide is associated with, able to bind to, and/or is present in kidney tissues, cancer cells/ tissues, the surface of red blood cells and platelets, CD1 a-d cells in the immune system, many bacteria cells, several viruses, myelin, neurons, and astrocytes.An abnormal metabolism or change in the expression of sulfatide has also been associated with various pathologies including neuropathologies, such as metachromatic leukodystrophy, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's Disease. Sulfatide is also associated with diabetes mellitus, cancer metastasis, and viruses including HIV-1, influenza A virus, hepatitis C and vaccinia virus. Additionally, overexpression of sulfatide has been linked to epilepsy and audiogenic seizures as well as other pathological states in the nervous system.Past and ongoing research continues to elucidate the many biological functions of sulfatide and their many implications as well as the pathology that has been associated with sulfatide. Most research utilizes mice models, but heterologous expression systems are utilized as well, including but not limited to, Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and COS-7 Cells.