THE LIPIDS: TRIGLYCERIDES, PHOSPHOLIPIDS, & STEROLS
... Transport Of Lipids {continued} LDL- low density lipoprotein, the type of lipoprotein derived from VLDLs as cells remove triglycerides from them; Mainly composed of cholesterol. Known as “bad” cholesterol because elevated levels lead to heart disease. HDL- high density lipoprotein, the type of ...
... Transport Of Lipids {continued} LDL- low density lipoprotein, the type of lipoprotein derived from VLDLs as cells remove triglycerides from them; Mainly composed of cholesterol. Known as “bad” cholesterol because elevated levels lead to heart disease. HDL- high density lipoprotein, the type of ...
Chem331 Lect 13 Lipids - University of San Diego Home Pages
... Glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids play important roles as chemical signals in and on cells Lipid signals act locally, either within the cell where they are made or on nearby cells These signals typically initiate a cascade of reactions with multiple effects The lifetimes of these signals are us ...
... Glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids play important roles as chemical signals in and on cells Lipid signals act locally, either within the cell where they are made or on nearby cells These signals typically initiate a cascade of reactions with multiple effects The lifetimes of these signals are us ...
Lh6Ch10Lipids
... • Phosphatidylcholine is the major component of most eukaryotic cell membranes • Many prokaryotes, including E. coli, cannot synthesize this lipid; their membranes do not contain phosphatidylcholine ...
... • Phosphatidylcholine is the major component of most eukaryotic cell membranes • Many prokaryotes, including E. coli, cannot synthesize this lipid; their membranes do not contain phosphatidylcholine ...
Fats and Lipids
... The areas with double bonds are rigid. These kinks in the chain, due to cis-conformation prevents the molecules from stacking up. The more double bonds present, the harder to solidify these oils. The trans- isomer, also known as trans fats stack like the saturated fats. Both saturated fats and trans ...
... The areas with double bonds are rigid. These kinks in the chain, due to cis-conformation prevents the molecules from stacking up. The more double bonds present, the harder to solidify these oils. The trans- isomer, also known as trans fats stack like the saturated fats. Both saturated fats and trans ...
Lipids and Membranes The “OTHER” Solvent of Life Processes
... Different organisms have different membrane lipid head group compositions Different tissues have different membrane lipid head group compositions ...
... Different organisms have different membrane lipid head group compositions Different tissues have different membrane lipid head group compositions ...
Chapter 17 Lipids Lipids are structurally the most diverse
... Many lipid diseases are caused by a deficiency of an enzyme resulting in the accumulation of glycolipids ...
... Many lipid diseases are caused by a deficiency of an enzyme resulting in the accumulation of glycolipids ...
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... of intracellular Ca2+, which leads to activation of many Ca2+-dependent enzymes. 5.2.4 DAG activates protein kinase C, which further activates many enzymes by phosphorylation. ...
... of intracellular Ca2+, which leads to activation of many Ca2+-dependent enzymes. 5.2.4 DAG activates protein kinase C, which further activates many enzymes by phosphorylation. ...
I The THREE types of LIPIDS
... Plants make sterols, but do NOT make cholesterol. Why? B. Animals make triglycerides from fragments of carbohydrates, ___________ or __________ . Animals can make ___________________ from saturated fatty acids, and carbohydrates. Humans make all of the fatty acids they need except 2 called the EFAs. ...
... Plants make sterols, but do NOT make cholesterol. Why? B. Animals make triglycerides from fragments of carbohydrates, ___________ or __________ . Animals can make ___________________ from saturated fatty acids, and carbohydrates. Humans make all of the fatty acids they need except 2 called the EFAs. ...
I The THREE types of LIPIDS
... In the layer of cells of the villi lining the wall of the small intestine, fatty acids and glycerol join together to make , which are made into a package that can travel in the watery lymph (then blood) because it has emulsifiers and protein. The package is a combination of: a. TGs from food, b. Pro ...
... In the layer of cells of the villi lining the wall of the small intestine, fatty acids and glycerol join together to make , which are made into a package that can travel in the watery lymph (then blood) because it has emulsifiers and protein. The package is a combination of: a. TGs from food, b. Pro ...
Lecture 17
... Many lipid diseases are caused by a deficiency of an enzyme resulting in the accumulation of glycolipids ...
... Many lipid diseases are caused by a deficiency of an enzyme resulting in the accumulation of glycolipids ...
Chapter 9 - Lipids and Biological Membranes
... Notice also that this is one of three domains, the others being the exterior, C-terminal domain, as well as the interior, N-terminal domain. As would be expected based on their role in recognition processes, the carbohydrate residues (green diamonds) on this glycoprotein reside in the exterior domai ...
... Notice also that this is one of three domains, the others being the exterior, C-terminal domain, as well as the interior, N-terminal domain. As would be expected based on their role in recognition processes, the carbohydrate residues (green diamonds) on this glycoprotein reside in the exterior domai ...
Lecture 20 - Columbus Labs
... soluble proteins because of the hydrophobic lipids • They can only be removed from the membrane by denaturing the membrane (organic solvents, or strong detergents) • α-helical bundles found in plasma membrane of eukaryotes and inner membrane of bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts • β-barrel (ev ...
... soluble proteins because of the hydrophobic lipids • They can only be removed from the membrane by denaturing the membrane (organic solvents, or strong detergents) • α-helical bundles found in plasma membrane of eukaryotes and inner membrane of bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts • β-barrel (ev ...
Cell structure and Bioenergetics
... = risk factor to atherosclerosis Oxidation of unsaturation fatty acid in membrane lipids = membrane damage => hemolytic anemia (Vit E deficiency) ...
... = risk factor to atherosclerosis Oxidation of unsaturation fatty acid in membrane lipids = membrane damage => hemolytic anemia (Vit E deficiency) ...
Overview of Lipid Metabolism
... – Saturated Fatty Acids: have no double bonds e.g. Palmitic acid and Stearic acid – Unsaturated Fatty Acids: have one or more double bonds • Essential Fatty Acids – Fatty Acids that can not be synthesized de novo and have to supplied in the diet – Linoleic acid ...
... – Saturated Fatty Acids: have no double bonds e.g. Palmitic acid and Stearic acid – Unsaturated Fatty Acids: have one or more double bonds • Essential Fatty Acids – Fatty Acids that can not be synthesized de novo and have to supplied in the diet – Linoleic acid ...
Chapter 10 Lipids
... Serves as binding site for certain cytoskeleton proteins Also a reserve that is released by extracellular signals that interact with protein on surface Figure 10-9 again Inostitiol triphosphate - soluble- release of CA in cytosol Diacyglycerol - membrane bound- activated protein kinase C Kinase C ad ...
... Serves as binding site for certain cytoskeleton proteins Also a reserve that is released by extracellular signals that interact with protein on surface Figure 10-9 again Inostitiol triphosphate - soluble- release of CA in cytosol Diacyglycerol - membrane bound- activated protein kinase C Kinase C ad ...
week 7_lipid - UniMAP Portal
... phosphoethanolamine molecule with an ester linkage to the 1-hydroxy group of a ceramide. ...
... phosphoethanolamine molecule with an ester linkage to the 1-hydroxy group of a ceramide. ...
PPT
... • Cholesterol – the most abundant steroid in the human body Essential component of cell membranes Precursor of other important steroids Synthesized by liver and present in foods Strong correlation between cholesterol blood levels and atherosclerosis ...
... • Cholesterol – the most abundant steroid in the human body Essential component of cell membranes Precursor of other important steroids Synthesized by liver and present in foods Strong correlation between cholesterol blood levels and atherosclerosis ...
Versatile roles of lipids and carotenoids in membranes
... retinoic acid – gene control complex roles in signaling, growth and differentiation vitamin D – derived from cholesterol converted to a hormone (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) regulates Ca2+ uptake and levels in kidney and bones vitamin E – α-tocopherol prevents lipid peroxidation in membranes ...
... retinoic acid – gene control complex roles in signaling, growth and differentiation vitamin D – derived from cholesterol converted to a hormone (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) regulates Ca2+ uptake and levels in kidney and bones vitamin E – α-tocopherol prevents lipid peroxidation in membranes ...
Lecture 3
... •! Why is certain snake venom poisonous –! The venom contains phopholipases –! For example the eastern diamondback rattlesnake’s venom contains phospholipase A2, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of fatty acids at C2 in phospholipids –! The breakdown product of this reaction, lysolecithin in turn acts ...
... •! Why is certain snake venom poisonous –! The venom contains phopholipases –! For example the eastern diamondback rattlesnake’s venom contains phospholipase A2, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of fatty acids at C2 in phospholipids –! The breakdown product of this reaction, lysolecithin in turn acts ...
Phospholipids and Membrane
... Porins - Relatively simple transporters located in bacterial outer membranes, mitochondria and chloroplasts. Porin proteins are trimeric, a group of 3 beta-barrels. Core of barrel has narrow aqueous channel. Small molecules with MW less than about 600 can pass through. ...
... Porins - Relatively simple transporters located in bacterial outer membranes, mitochondria and chloroplasts. Porin proteins are trimeric, a group of 3 beta-barrels. Core of barrel has narrow aqueous channel. Small molecules with MW less than about 600 can pass through. ...
Differential effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on tendon
... The disaturated species of phosphatidylcholine (1,2Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine;DPPC), is a major component of lung surfactant, with a crucial role in preventing lung collapse at the end of expiration. Increasingly, an immunoregulatory role for D P P C has been reported, including its ability to r ...
... The disaturated species of phosphatidylcholine (1,2Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine;DPPC), is a major component of lung surfactant, with a crucial role in preventing lung collapse at the end of expiration. Increasingly, an immunoregulatory role for D P P C has been reported, including its ability to r ...
Lipids: Membrane Structure
... • Bacteria can vary number of double bonds to regulate fluidity • Eukaryotic cells (and bacteria) can change fatty acid composition with ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids and chain length ...
... • Bacteria can vary number of double bonds to regulate fluidity • Eukaryotic cells (and bacteria) can change fatty acid composition with ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids and chain length ...
Biomolecules: lipids - e
... Vitamin D deficiency also causes muscle weakness. Skeletal muscles have a vitamin D receptor and require this vitamin for maximum function. Brain, prostate, breast, and colon tissues, among others, as well as immune cells have a vitamin D receptor. In addition, some of these tissues and cells expres ...
... Vitamin D deficiency also causes muscle weakness. Skeletal muscles have a vitamin D receptor and require this vitamin for maximum function. Brain, prostate, breast, and colon tissues, among others, as well as immune cells have a vitamin D receptor. In addition, some of these tissues and cells expres ...
Sulfatide
Sulfatide, also known as 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide, SM4, or sulfated galactocerebroside, is a class of sulfolipids, specifically a class of sulfoglycolipids, which are glycolipids that contain a sulfate group. Sulfatide is synthesized primarily starting in the endoplasmic reticulum and ending in the Golgi apparatus where ceramide is converted to galactocerebroside and later sulfated to make sulfatide. Of all of the galactolipids that are found in the myelin sheath, one fifth of them are sulfatide. Sulfatide is primarily found on the extracellular leaflet of the myelin plasma membrane produced by the oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and in the Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. However, sulfatide is also present on the extracellular leaflet of the plasma membrane of many cells in eukaryotic organisms.Since sulfatide is a multifunctional molecule, it can be used in multiple biological areas. Aside from being a membrane component, sulfatide functions in protein trafficking, cell aggregation and adhesion, neural plasticity, memory, and glial-axon interactions. Sulfatide also plays a role in several physiological processes and systems including, the nervous system, the immune system, insulin secretion, blood clotting, viral infection, and bacterial infection. As a result, sulfatide is associated with, able to bind to, and/or is present in kidney tissues, cancer cells/ tissues, the surface of red blood cells and platelets, CD1 a-d cells in the immune system, many bacteria cells, several viruses, myelin, neurons, and astrocytes.An abnormal metabolism or change in the expression of sulfatide has also been associated with various pathologies including neuropathologies, such as metachromatic leukodystrophy, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's Disease. Sulfatide is also associated with diabetes mellitus, cancer metastasis, and viruses including HIV-1, influenza A virus, hepatitis C and vaccinia virus. Additionally, overexpression of sulfatide has been linked to epilepsy and audiogenic seizures as well as other pathological states in the nervous system.Past and ongoing research continues to elucidate the many biological functions of sulfatide and their many implications as well as the pathology that has been associated with sulfatide. Most research utilizes mice models, but heterologous expression systems are utilized as well, including but not limited to, Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and COS-7 Cells.