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Next generation sequencing
Next generation sequencing

... oligonucleotides) correspond to each fluorophore. If first or second nucleotide (in dinucleotide) is known, colour is unambiguously related with the other nucleotide. Three next positions — degenerate nucleotides: 64 different versions for each particular dinucleotide. When ligated to the sequencing ...
Gene!
Gene!

...  Stop codons break genome into segments between consecutive Stop codons  The subsegments of these that start from the Start codon (ATG) are ORFs  ORFs in different frames may overlap ATG ...
17.1 Genes and Variation
17.1 Genes and Variation

... • Combination of genes from different parents • Half of the DNA comes from each parent. • Each offspring receives a unique set of genetic information. (Exception = Twins) • This is the result of crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis! ...
Ei dian otsikkoa
Ei dian otsikkoa

... - In plants, exogenous DNA transfer elicites a wound response which activates nucleases and DNA repair enzymes. The transferred DNA is thus, either degraded or used as a substrate for DNA repair, resulting in its potential rearrangement and incorporation in the genomic DNA (Takano et al. (1997) Plan ...
111-297-1-SM
111-297-1-SM

... Understanding the molecular mechanisms of host and parasite interactions should facilitate the development of novel strategies to control plant diseases. Host interactions with biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic pathogens are known to follow a gene-for-gene specificity. The plant expresses a resistance ...
Assembly Validation - felixeye.github.io
Assembly Validation - felixeye.github.io

... Assessing genome assembly and annotation completeness with Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs Similar idea based on aa or nt alignments of •Golden standard genes from own species •Transcriptome assembly •Reference species protein set Use e.g. GSNAP/BLAT (nt), exonerate/SCIPIO (aa) ...
Gene Tagging with Transposons
Gene Tagging with Transposons

... • Most are thought to be derived from viral genomes that have integrated into a host cell genome • Some eukaryotic transposons move via an RNA intermediate • Some transpositions are utilized for programmed genome rearrangements • Movement of transposons in genomes can inactive or activate genes, and ...
Butterfly gene flow goes berserk
Butterfly gene flow goes berserk

TAIR Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations
TAIR Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations

... This brief tutorial describes how to access and understand Gene Ontology annotations in TAIR. ...
In silico fine-mapping: narrowing disease
In silico fine-mapping: narrowing disease

... homologous to one linked to two rat models of inflammatory arthritis. Hum. Mol. ...
B1Mind Maps 2
B1Mind Maps 2

... Bacteria mutate by chance Bacteria with mutation not killed by antibiotic These cells can survive to reproduce And pass the gene for resistance to their offspring – population of resistant bacteria increases What is a sterile culture. Culture of only one type of microorganism. Give 2 reasons it is i ...
Chapter 5 Power Point Slides
Chapter 5 Power Point Slides

...  Heritability is estimated by observing the amount of variation among relatives who have a known fraction of genes in common (known as genetic relatedness)  Heritability can be estimated only for the population under study and the environmental condition in effect at the time of the study ...
Chapter 26 - New Century Academy
Chapter 26 - New Century Academy

... that their ancestors became adapted to long ago. Which of these is, consequently, a valid statement about modern extremophiles, assuming that their habitats have remained relatively unchanged? a. Among themselves, they should share relatively few ancestral traits, especially those that enabled ances ...
The Inheritance of Complex Traits
The Inheritance of Complex Traits

...  Heritability is estimated by observing the amount of variation among relatives who have a known fraction of genes in common (known as genetic relatedness)  Heritability can be estimated only for the population under study and the environmental condition in effect at the time of the study ...
Honors BIOLOGY
Honors BIOLOGY

... they appear to be on different chromosomes. That is, they appear to assort independently. Relative distance between two genes on a chromosome can be measured by observing how frequently the chromosome crosses over between them. The closer they are to each other, the less frequently they cross over. ...
Genetic explanation of Schizophrenia
Genetic explanation of Schizophrenia

... GENETIC INHERITANCE  schizophrenia is a heritable condition that passes down from one generation to the next  Twin, adoption and familial studies clearly points to a genetic component in schizophrenia  this explanation looks at how genes affect brain development and may be partly responsible for ...
Sex Chromosomes and Male Functions
Sex Chromosomes and Male Functions

To compare two or more sets of laws on a narrow subject with a view
To compare two or more sets of laws on a narrow subject with a view

... To compare two or more sets of laws on a narrow subject with a view to synthesizing a third set of laws that represents a harmonization of the set’s precursors, a legal comparatist will struggle with applying the various timetested methods of comparison. The cause of the struggle is not a lack of va ...
Chapter 15
Chapter 15

UV-Targeted Dinucleotides Are Not Depleted in Light
UV-Targeted Dinucleotides Are Not Depleted in Light

... abundance. This means that there is no evidence of the avoidance of pyrimidine dinucleotides in microorganisms exposed to UV. Prokaryotes have developed mechanisms to repair DNA damage. Our findings show that these systems must be efficient enough to make it unnecessary for pyrimidine dinucleotides ...
The Gene Concept - bioinf.uni
The Gene Concept - bioinf.uni

... results in a sequence that does not exist in the genome as such (hint: introns) conceptual translation of the “gene” does not necessarely result in an existing functional product (example: A+B+C does not exist) ...
Genetic Engineering - Potato - CALS Projects Web
Genetic Engineering - Potato - CALS Projects Web

... acquiring them through pollination. ...
1 h pi The ul30 (DNA polymerase) gene reaches
1 h pi The ul30 (DNA polymerase) gene reaches

... 4 h: 33.7%). However, ul49.5 displays a very high rate of change between 1 and 2 h (R(2 h/1 h) = 18, the second highest value) and between 2 and 4 h (R(4 h/2 h) = 9.361), which are both L characteristics. Additionally, ul49.5 has a comparatively low Ct value in the E phase of infection. The low Ri-P ...
Crop improvement in the 21st century
Crop improvement in the 21st century

... the ability to identify genes and characterize alleleic variation that causes such small changes in phenotypic performance in a laboratory or greenhouse environment is a major challenge. Another approach to understanding the function of specific sequences is to look at their expression under a range ...
Tutorial - SigTerms
Tutorial - SigTerms

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Pathogenomics

Pathogen infections are among the leading causes of infirmity and mortality among humans and other animals in the world. Until recently, it has been difficult to compile information to understand the generation of pathogen virulence factors as well as pathogen behaviour in a host environment. The study of Pathogenomics attempts to utilize genomic and metagenomics data gathered from high through-put technologies (e.g. sequencing or DNA microarrays), to understand microbe diversity and interaction as well as host-microbe interactions involved in disease states. The bulk of pathogenomics research concerns itself with pathogens that affect human health; however, studies also exist for plant and animal infecting microbes.
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