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Bioinformatics at IU
Bioinformatics at IU

... Genomics deals with the sequencing of the genetic information, deciphering the exact sequence of lettered bases which compose a gene Experiments are performed to study this gene sequences and how they influence the disease. Recent advances in instrumentation has led to explosion of sequence informat ...
DNA fingerprinting and the 16S
DNA fingerprinting and the 16S

... used to amplify DNA say from a single gene in order to have enough DNA to study, test, or clone. This technique can be used to identify with a very high-probability, disease-causing viruses and/or bacteria, a deceased person, or a criminal suspect. In order to use PCR, one must already know the exac ...
Sometimes replication, transcription and translation don`t go as
Sometimes replication, transcription and translation don`t go as

... • a pair of chromosomes fail to separate during Anaphase I of meiotic cell division • results in trisomy or monosomy Trisomy = three of one kind in a diploid cell Monosomy = one of one kind in a diploid cell ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • Sometimes these drugs produce cells that have double or triple the normal number of chromosomes • Plants grown from such cells are called polyploid because they have many sets of chromosomes – Polyploidy is usually fatal in animals ...
Chapter 10: Biotechnology
Chapter 10: Biotechnology

Crossing-over and Independent Assortment
Crossing-over and Independent Assortment

Outcross mutant to polymorphic strain for mapping and gene identity
Outcross mutant to polymorphic strain for mapping and gene identity

... Precise Cell Division Timing •Cell cycle •Early embryogenesis •Genes required for DNA replication •DNA polymerase machinery •Activation of DNA replication •Monitor of DNA replication ...
2005 Biology: Describe the transfer of genetic information (90163)
2005 Biology: Describe the transfer of genetic information (90163)

... The order of bases affects the gene properties. ...
Detection of unpaired DNA at meiosis results in RNA‐mediated
Detection of unpaired DNA at meiosis results in RNA‐mediated

... triggering MSUD since dim-2 or rid mutations, which result in a lack of cytosine DNA-methyltransferases, do not suppress MSUD.(2) The varying levels of dominance of sad-1 alleles in heterozygous crosses can therefore be explained by autogenous MSUD leading to a low level of expression of sad-1þ gene ...
Multiple Choice - 28 points total In each of the questions
Multiple Choice - 28 points total In each of the questions

... A mad scientist, after watching too many fantasy movies, decides to breed mutant Drosophila in the model of dragons. Mutants with super powers have the dominant alleles for Flame Breath (F), Neon Skin (N), Red Eyes (R), and Dragon Wings (D). A homozygous dominant “Dragon Fly” (Drosophila drago) whic ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
View PDF - CiteSeerX

... in P. thunbergii). The genome is AT-rich in both the non-coding intergenic regions (67% AT) and the coding regions (62% AT), where there is an AT bias (73% – 4.5%) in the third base positions of all amino acid codons. This phenomenon is also observed in other plastid genomes. In contrast, the tRNA g ...
Super models
Super models

... rubripes (2), the mouse Mus musculus (97), and the human Homo sapiens (55, 95). The knowledge of full genome sequence information is drastically changing experimental approaches and is rapidly shaping the future of scientific research. Sequence databases provide a starting point for data mining of g ...
Pan-genomics: Unmasking the gene diversity hidden in the bacteria
Pan-genomics: Unmasking the gene diversity hidden in the bacteria

... in shared coding sequences across different species like chimpanzees and humans does not go further than 1.23% [17]. Thinking about the differences of 20% in a single bacterium, supossed to be the very same species and finding this difference within the same species is astonishing. The sum of the sh ...
Manipulating the Genome of Human Embryos
Manipulating the Genome of Human Embryos

... sequences. They can then either repair those breaks or introduce new DNA into the sequence at the site of the break. These are called genome editing techniques. Two main techniques at present are the CRISPR-Cas9 system and zinc-finger nucleases. In principle, researchers can modify any part of the g ...
Chapter 6 Genes and Gene Technology Section 1 We now know
Chapter 6 Genes and Gene Technology Section 1 We now know

... __________________ are made up of amino acids linked together (we have had this before). The ____________ of the bases determines the order of the amino acids in a protein. Scientists thought or DNA was found in proteins at one time because proteins are so ________________. The first step in making ...
Biosynthesis of Bromocoumaric Acid in Bromoalterochromide A.
Biosynthesis of Bromocoumaric Acid in Bromoalterochromide A.

... restriction digest. When we performed a ligation reaction we mixed the linear plasmid, amplified genes and sealed the DNA with a ligase enzyme. We transformed the cells through electroporation and plated them with antibiotics. Colonies grew and we picked 3 from each (A, B, C). We ran a restriction d ...
Genetic Technology - Mr. Swords' Classes
Genetic Technology - Mr. Swords' Classes

... Genetic markers are a known location of a gene, which is used as a reference point to describe the location of other genes. ...
File
File

... is DNA polymerase. DNA polymerase joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule and then “proofreads” each new DNA strand. ...
gene_prediction_20040930
gene_prediction_20040930

...  GAZE (Howe) is an extension of Phil Green’s Genefinder in which transcript data is used to define coding exons. Other features are scored as in the original Genefinder implementation. This is being evaluated and used in the C.elegans project. ...
DNA BARCODING
DNA BARCODING

... •  Ensure  data  longevity  by  archiving  in  GenBank   •  Enable  comparisons  among  records  from   approved  BARCODE  gene  regions.   •  Ensure  minimum  quality  of  sequences   ...
LOTUS-DB: an integrative and interactive database for
LOTUS-DB: an integrative and interactive database for

... (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) might also hold the key to the secrets of aging, which attracts crescent attentions from researchers all over the world. The genetic or molecular studies on this species depend on its genome information. In 2013, two publications reported the sequencing of its full genome, ...
The Evolution of Plant Breeding: RTDS™ versus other
The Evolution of Plant Breeding: RTDS™ versus other

... •Non-GMO •Environmentally friendly 10-15 years to develop a new •plant variety with the desired plant characteristics ...
SCIENCE: BIOLOGY UNIT #1: CELLULAR GENETICS -
SCIENCE: BIOLOGY UNIT #1: CELLULAR GENETICS -

... a. altered gene may be passed on to every cell that develops from it b. resulting features may help, harm or have little or no effect on offspring’s success in its environment 2. Gene mutations - - when they occur in gametes - - can be passed to offspring. 3. Gene mutations result in specific featur ...
pdffile - UCI Math
pdffile - UCI Math

... From the perspective of genetics, the DNA molecule has two major attributes. The first is that it is able to replicate—that is, to make an exact copy of itself that can be passed to another cell, thereby conveying its precise genetic characteristics. Figure 2.1 is a diagram that shows how DNA replic ...
Genetic Engineering - Albert
Genetic Engineering - Albert

... Plants, animals or micro organisms that have changed through genetic engineering are termed genetically modified organisms or GMOs. Bacteria were the first organisms to be genetically modified. Plasmid DNA containing new genes can be inserted into the bacterial cell and the bacteria will then expres ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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