The Logic of Logical Revision
... classical logic, begs the question.5 One solution to this is, I think, to utilize what might be considered a partial, implicit, formalization of arguments for logical revision. That is, as with full formalization, regiment all premises and conclusions in a familiar recursively specified syntax, and ...
... classical logic, begs the question.5 One solution to this is, I think, to utilize what might be considered a partial, implicit, formalization of arguments for logical revision. That is, as with full formalization, regiment all premises and conclusions in a familiar recursively specified syntax, and ...
The Zombie Argument - Utrecht University Repository
... Philosophy of Mind is a discipline in philosophy, which is mostly concerned with the famous mind-body problem, brought forward by René Descartes in his Meditations. This problem is a fundamental one, as it is concerned with the question what we human beings consist of. Do we consist of two entities ...
... Philosophy of Mind is a discipline in philosophy, which is mostly concerned with the famous mind-body problem, brought forward by René Descartes in his Meditations. This problem is a fundamental one, as it is concerned with the question what we human beings consist of. Do we consist of two entities ...
Pascal`s Wager is a Lie: An Epistemic Interpretation of the
... In entertaining and evaluating all of these objections scholars treat the Wager as an isolated, mathematical proposition and subject it to the logical and mathematical rigor associated with modern mathematics and rationality. However, this is not how Pascal intended the passage to be treated. As Jam ...
... In entertaining and evaluating all of these objections scholars treat the Wager as an isolated, mathematical proposition and subject it to the logical and mathematical rigor associated with modern mathematics and rationality. However, this is not how Pascal intended the passage to be treated. As Jam ...
Hume on Geometry and Infinite Divisibility in the Treatise
... also claims, “ I f two straight lines approached at the rate of an inch in twenty leagues, who could know, if no one could see, that they did not have a common segment?” (Laird, 76). This reading is certainly too weak. Hume does more than claim that straight lines might concur; he claims that in cer ...
... also claims, “ I f two straight lines approached at the rate of an inch in twenty leagues, who could know, if no one could see, that they did not have a common segment?” (Laird, 76). This reading is certainly too weak. Hume does more than claim that straight lines might concur; he claims that in cer ...
Why did Hume call his Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals
... systematically integrated whole.8 And furthermore, Hume found that what he had written in the Enquiry was also quite obviously and definitely true and correct. The main purpose of this article will be to explain Hume’s opinion in some detail. In order to make it intelligible at all it will be necess ...
... systematically integrated whole.8 And furthermore, Hume found that what he had written in the Enquiry was also quite obviously and definitely true and correct. The main purpose of this article will be to explain Hume’s opinion in some detail. In order to make it intelligible at all it will be necess ...
Getting Priority Straight
... idea, these explanations thereby confer ontological sparsity. The priority theorist holds that, since the existence and features of raindrops can be explained solely by reference to the existence and features of other things, the world is no more ontologically lush for containing raindrops than it i ...
... idea, these explanations thereby confer ontological sparsity. The priority theorist holds that, since the existence and features of raindrops can be explained solely by reference to the existence and features of other things, the world is no more ontologically lush for containing raindrops than it i ...
What Does the Scientist of Man Observe?
... But nothing about this theorizing prevents us, or the scientist of man, from asking for the grounds of the scientist’s claim to have observed this constant conjunction, and as long as we can ask that question, the original sceptical problem seems simply to come up all over again. After all, these pu ...
... But nothing about this theorizing prevents us, or the scientist of man, from asking for the grounds of the scientist’s claim to have observed this constant conjunction, and as long as we can ask that question, the original sceptical problem seems simply to come up all over again. After all, these pu ...
Reid`s defense of common sense - Scholars Archive
... resolve not to believe my senses. I break my nose against a post that comes in my way; I step into a dirty kennel; and, after twenty such wise and rational actions, I am taken up and clapt in a madhouse” (Inq, ch. §, p. ). There is a commitment in practice to the existence of an external worl ...
... resolve not to believe my senses. I break my nose against a post that comes in my way; I step into a dirty kennel; and, after twenty such wise and rational actions, I am taken up and clapt in a madhouse” (Inq, ch. §, p. ). There is a commitment in practice to the existence of an external worl ...
The One Fallacy Theory
... whatsoever for believing that p is false. The p-deniers have no reason for denying p. So the p-deniers are just irrational in their belief and the p-asserters are also irrational if they take the p-deniers as serious opponents. It thus appears that philosophy cannot be dialectical. To resolve this p ...
... whatsoever for believing that p is false. The p-deniers have no reason for denying p. So the p-deniers are just irrational in their belief and the p-asserters are also irrational if they take the p-deniers as serious opponents. It thus appears that philosophy cannot be dialectical. To resolve this p ...
D. C. Schindler Plato`s Critique of Impure Reason: On Goodness
... the same thesis, pace justice, with reference to Thrasymachus. So, even though Thrasymachus is explicit only about the connection between power and justice, Schindler maintains that he is nevertheless committed to a form of relativism. Of course, Thrasymachus does not make the relativist argument pr ...
... the same thesis, pace justice, with reference to Thrasymachus. So, even though Thrasymachus is explicit only about the connection between power and justice, Schindler maintains that he is nevertheless committed to a form of relativism. Of course, Thrasymachus does not make the relativist argument pr ...
Kant`s Pre-Critical Proof for God`s Existence
... Kant continued to lecture his entire academic career. It both criticizes and critically appropriates elements from that tradition in an attempt to work out a better theory of possibility than that on offer in those books. The failure of Kant (and his successors down to the twentieth century) to jus ...
... Kant continued to lecture his entire academic career. It both criticizes and critically appropriates elements from that tradition in an attempt to work out a better theory of possibility than that on offer in those books. The failure of Kant (and his successors down to the twentieth century) to jus ...
The Relevance of Kant's Objection to Anselm's Ontological Argument
... contain those properties that are individually necessary and jointly sufficient for something to instantiate the concept. Call that concept ‘C ’. Then we add P to the list. The resulting list also defines a concept, which we can call ‘C+ ’. Then we ask, Are C and C+ equivalent? If they are, and if this ...
... contain those properties that are individually necessary and jointly sufficient for something to instantiate the concept. Call that concept ‘C ’. Then we add P to the list. The resulting list also defines a concept, which we can call ‘C+ ’. Then we ask, Are C and C+ equivalent? If they are, and if this ...
Logic Notes 2006
... 5. There is evil in the world. Therefore, 6. God does not exist. Since explicit form requires that each statement appear only once, and that each conclusion appear after the premises on which it rests, it was necessary to suppress statement 1. I have retained the numbering used in the above analysis ...
... 5. There is evil in the world. Therefore, 6. God does not exist. Since explicit form requires that each statement appear only once, and that each conclusion appear after the premises on which it rests, it was necessary to suppress statement 1. I have retained the numbering used in the above analysis ...
One`s modus ponens is another`s modus tollens: Why
... possibility of zombies to the falsity of physicalism in an independent and non-circular way, i.e., a way that does not already assume the falsity of physicalism. For the purposes of this note, by “physicalism” I mean something like Type Physicalism (TP) according to which “For every actually instant ...
... possibility of zombies to the falsity of physicalism in an independent and non-circular way, i.e., a way that does not already assume the falsity of physicalism. For the purposes of this note, by “physicalism” I mean something like Type Physicalism (TP) according to which “For every actually instant ...
Introduction - davidhume.org
... Hume’s first publication, A Treatise of Human Nature (1739-40), began as ‘an attempt to introduce the experimental method of reasoning into moral subjects’. But in both advocating and pursuing the empirical study of the human world, the juvenile Hume ‘was carry’d away by the Heat of Youth & Inventi ...
... Hume’s first publication, A Treatise of Human Nature (1739-40), began as ‘an attempt to introduce the experimental method of reasoning into moral subjects’. But in both advocating and pursuing the empirical study of the human world, the juvenile Hume ‘was carry’d away by the Heat of Youth & Inventi ...
Introduction. - philosophica
... syntax, there are even reasons to believe English evolved towards simplicity. In sum, one can argue there are no accurate criteria to quantify either the rise or decline in complexity of the English language. A similar point is made by Daniel McShea, one of the few contemporary scientists who thorou ...
... syntax, there are even reasons to believe English evolved towards simplicity. In sum, one can argue there are no accurate criteria to quantify either the rise or decline in complexity of the English language. A similar point is made by Daniel McShea, one of the few contemporary scientists who thorou ...
ON KNOCKDOWN ARGUMENTS 1. Introduction A
... The Equity Thesis says only that there are knockdown philosophical arguments if there are (certain kinds of) knockdown non-philosophical arguments, not that there are, in fact, knockdown arguments for substantive philosophical conclusions. If the absence of knockdown arguments for the existence of m ...
... The Equity Thesis says only that there are knockdown philosophical arguments if there are (certain kinds of) knockdown non-philosophical arguments, not that there are, in fact, knockdown arguments for substantive philosophical conclusions. If the absence of knockdown arguments for the existence of m ...
1 FROM FIRST EFFICIENT CAUSE TO GOD: SCOTUS ON THE
... In this paper, I examine some main threads of the identification stage of Scotus's project in the fourth chapter of De Primo, where he tries to show that a first efficient cause must have the attributes of simplicity, intellect, will, and infinity. Many philosophers are favorably disposed towards on ...
... In this paper, I examine some main threads of the identification stage of Scotus's project in the fourth chapter of De Primo, where he tries to show that a first efficient cause must have the attributes of simplicity, intellect, will, and infinity. Many philosophers are favorably disposed towards on ...
Atheism and Analogy: Aquinas Against the Atheists Dan Linford
... Thomas Aquinas [and his followers]... rejected all a priori and supra-sensory sources of human knowledge, holding with Aristotle that all human knowledge arises from sense experience. What man [sic] can know in this life, according to Thomas, are the forms of material things – quidditates rerum mate ...
... Thomas Aquinas [and his followers]... rejected all a priori and supra-sensory sources of human knowledge, holding with Aristotle that all human knowledge arises from sense experience. What man [sic] can know in this life, according to Thomas, are the forms of material things – quidditates rerum mate ...
Basic Concepts and Distinctions - The University of Texas at Arlington
... life-saving medicine, but that I, a physician, have only enough medicine for one of them. Obviously, I would like to save all the needy people, and would do so if I could, but the situation constrains me. I must make a tragic choice. 9 In what is called a “many-valued logic,” there are more than two ...
... life-saving medicine, but that I, a physician, have only enough medicine for one of them. Obviously, I would like to save all the needy people, and would do so if I could, but the situation constrains me. I must make a tragic choice. 9 In what is called a “many-valued logic,” there are more than two ...
On the Logic of the Ontological Argument
... complex formulas of the form ¬ϕ, ϕ → ψ, and ∀xϕ.5 We shall suppose that where ϕ is any formula, then ıxϕ constitutes a complex, though primitive, term of the language. We read ıxϕ as ‘the (unique) x such 3 D. ...
... complex formulas of the form ¬ϕ, ϕ → ψ, and ∀xϕ.5 We shall suppose that where ϕ is any formula, then ıxϕ constitutes a complex, though primitive, term of the language. We read ıxϕ as ‘the (unique) x such 3 D. ...
All About Arguments I. What is an Argument? II
... In philosophy, an argument is not a dispute or debate; rather, it is a structured defense of a claim (that is, a statement or assertion) about some topic. When making an argument, one does not merely state what they think is a good answer to a particular philosophical question: that would be just to ...
... In philosophy, an argument is not a dispute or debate; rather, it is a structured defense of a claim (that is, a statement or assertion) about some topic. When making an argument, one does not merely state what they think is a good answer to a particular philosophical question: that would be just to ...
Kant`s Critique of the Ontological Argument: FAIL
... existence is not a predicate or a property in the case of God. 10 According to Kant, the notion of existence adds nothing to the concept of a thing by way of increased meaning or information. Thus, the substantive content of my concept of a hundred thalers (which I am imagining to exist in my pocket ...
... existence is not a predicate or a property in the case of God. 10 According to Kant, the notion of existence adds nothing to the concept of a thing by way of increased meaning or information. Thus, the substantive content of my concept of a hundred thalers (which I am imagining to exist in my pocket ...
ERIC SYMES ABBOTT
... With these points in mind, let us turn to consider Darwin’s analysis of his scientific observations across the six editions of the Origin of Species. Philosophers of science draw an important distinction between a “logic of discovery” and a “logic of confirmation”. To simplify what is rather a compl ...
... With these points in mind, let us turn to consider Darwin’s analysis of his scientific observations across the six editions of the Origin of Species. Philosophers of science draw an important distinction between a “logic of discovery” and a “logic of confirmation”. To simplify what is rather a compl ...