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Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

... c. Maintain PaCO2 35-40 mmHg if CT is normal i. In Cochabamba, correct for altitude and maintain PaCO2 32-36 mmHg. d. If a space-occupying lesion exists, surgical evacuation is indicated if possible 7. Specific therapeutic interventions-ICP Monitor with Elevated ICP Treatment algorithm. Use the foll ...
Update on Recent Developments in the
Update on Recent Developments in the

transgenic canola - Australian Oilseeds Federation
transgenic canola - Australian Oilseeds Federation

... transformation protocols and the use of an intron-interrupted hygromycin-resistance gene as the selectable marker have resulted in improved transformation efficiencies. Silencing of the endogenous oleate desaturase genes have resulted in substantial increases in oleic acid levels, up to 89% in B. na ...
Variation 3.3
Variation 3.3

... community service projects each year, one in the fall and one in the spring. This fall, 150 students from Roosevelt High signed up to help. The same number signed up in the spring, but 30 of the students were different. What percentage of the students was different between the fall group and the spr ...
Genomic Predictors of Outcome in Prostate Cancer
Genomic Predictors of Outcome in Prostate Cancer

... to be widely used. The most studied commercially available gene panels, Prolaris, Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score, and Decipher, may be used to estimate disease outcome in addition to clinical parameters or clinical nomograms. ConfirmMDx is an epigenetic test used to predict the results of repeat ...
S Management of Sepsis:  The Surviving Sepsis Guidelines for Early Therapy
S Management of Sepsis: The Surviving Sepsis Guidelines for Early Therapy

... with a focus on early interventions needed in the care of patients with sepsis. INITIAL EVALUATION AND RESUSCITATION Early recognition of sepsis is important because prompt initiation of therapy likely improves outcomes.9 Shock is considered a clinical diagnosis suggested by the signs and symptoms o ...
how to analyze a splicing mutation - Stamm revision
how to analyze a splicing mutation - Stamm revision

Genes involved in ovulation rate and litter size in sheep
Genes involved in ovulation rate and litter size in sheep

... (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Both are gonadotrophins secreted by the anterior pituitary acting in the ovaries and stimulate ovulation (Sjaastad et al., 2003). The domesticated sheep, Ovis aries, has 54 chromosomes containing genetic material in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). A locus ...
- Gastroenterology
- Gastroenterology

... regulatory approval. Cimzia (UCB, Inc, Brussels, Belgium) (certolizumab pegol) was approved in 2009 for trials in rheumatoid arthritis that included the coprimary end point of ACR20 (a composite index of swollen joint count, tender joint count, physician’s assessment of disease activity, and patient ...
Spectrum of [beta] thalassemia mutations and HbF levels in the
Spectrum of [beta] thalassemia mutations and HbF levels in the

... A comprehensive hematological and molecular analysis of 57 ␤ thalassemic heterozygotes, 28 homozygotes, 18 double heterozygotes, 3 compound heterozygotes ␤ thal/␤ S and one compound heterozygote ␤ thal/Hb Newcastle, in 46 Moroccan families with at least one ␤ thalassemia patient is reported. Six maj ...
Solid Tumour Section Esophagus: Barrett's esophagus, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma
Solid Tumour Section Esophagus: Barrett's esophagus, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma

... CGH analysis of a case of Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma. Tumor DNA was labeled with FITC (Green) and reference DNA was labeled with TRITC (red). The hybridizations were analyzed using an Olympus fluorescence microscope and the ISIS digital image analysis system (Metasystems GmbH, Altlussheim, ...
Understanding the Basic Genetics of HCM
Understanding the Basic Genetics of HCM

Severe Congenital Neutropenia in 2 Siblings of Consanguineous
Severe Congenital Neutropenia in 2 Siblings of Consanguineous

... parents [3] (this rate is much higher than in children from nonconsanguineous parents). Although consanguinity is common in our region, public education programs and facilities for genetic counseling are necessary [15]. Patients with SCN usually experience the first clinical manifestations in early ...
Cell-based therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron
Cell-based therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron

... stem cells and mononuclear cells have the capacity to stimulate the regenerative processes of motor neurons (Mazzini 2003). In animal models of ALS, stem cell transplantation can significantly slow the progression of the disease and prolong survival (Mazzini 2003). Increasing numbers of preclinical ...
Paper - John Innes Centre
Paper - John Innes Centre

... IPO323 as whole seedlings and 12 in detached leaf tests. In both cases, reciprocal crosses were used in equal proportions. All F1 seedlings had levels of infection intermediate between those of Flame and Longbow and no significant maternal effect on the expression of resistance was detected in eithe ...
Characterizing a Lambda Red Recombinase Induced Presumptive
Characterizing a Lambda Red Recombinase Induced Presumptive

... manipulation was not needed. IPTG is an inducer of the lac operon, that promotes the production of β-galactosidase (2). IPTG is a common substance used to increase β-galactosidase in absence of lactose. In practice, it is beneficial to have an E.coli strain that constantly expresses βgalactosidase, ...
Optimizing Antimicrobial Therapy of Sepsis and
Optimizing Antimicrobial Therapy of Sepsis and

... of the systemic inflammatory pathways is triggered by infection.12,13 The infection initiates an immunologic response (inflammatory cytokine and eicosanoid/coagulation cascade) that propagates independently of the underlying infectious trigger.14,15 This view of sepsis is reflected in the classic figure ...
The f ructokinase f rom Rhizobium leguminosarum
The f ructokinase f rom Rhizobium leguminosarum

... phenotype on yeast extract mannitol agar (YEM-KT) since frk mutants have been shown to lack capsule production when grown on medium containing mannitol (McLaughlin & Hughes, 1989). Kanamycin (150 pg ml-l) was used as a counter-selection agent against donor strains. Three clones conferring the mucoid ...
Complete Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG) Deficiency Produced
Complete Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG) Deficiency Produced

... cleotide 1671 of the acceptor splice site in intron II (Fig. 4). The mutation was present in all affected family members as confirmed by genotyping. Affected and normal males showed only the mutant allele or normal allele, respectively, and heterozygous females had both normal and mutant allele (Fig ...
Identical mutations in RAG1 or RAG2 genes leading
Identical mutations in RAG1 or RAG2 genes leading

... The diversity of immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors (TCRs) is mediated by the somatic recombination of genes encoding variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) segments by a mechanism known as V(D)J recombination.1 The RAG1 and RAG2 proteins, the expression of which is restricted to immature ly ...
PDF
PDF

... heterogeneous surface receptors collectively referred to as PfEMP1. These proteins are encoded by a large, polymorphic gene family called var. The family contains approximately 60 individual genes, which are subject to strict, mutually exclusive expression, with the single expressed var gene determi ...
A1 - 99 - University of Pittsburgh
A1 - 99 - University of Pittsburgh

... main components of this innovative technology. First, there is the Cas9 system, which is “an enzyme that can cut a double DNA strand at a very precise point, nick it, or block its gene expression.” [1]. The second component is CRISPR, which is a short strand of RNA used to guide the Cas9 enzyme to b ...
Alpha – 1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Deficiency
Alpha – 1 Antitrypsin (AAT) Deficiency

... PMH: Is unremarkable, and he never smoked Family Hx: His Father was a smoker and died of Emphysema at 43 years of age and his mother is 73 yo and in good health. He has 2 sons 19 and 21 years old, his older son has a 3 pack/year smoking Hx and the 19 yo has IgA deficiency ...
Brassinosteroid-6-Oxidases from Arabidopsis and
Brassinosteroid-6-Oxidases from Arabidopsis and

... (Bishop et al., 1999). This step is the furthest downstream step in BL biosynthesis among those known for mutations and enzymes. A defect in the Dwarf gene results in deficiency of CS and causes dwarfism with stem elongation and leaf expansion being suppressed (Bishop et al., 1996; Bishop et al., 19 ...
Guidelines for the Selection of Anti-infective Agents
Guidelines for the Selection of Anti-infective Agents

... Community-acquired infections. For patients with community-acquired infections of mild-to-moderate severity, agents that have a narrower spectrum of activity and that are not commonly used for nosocomial infections, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin or cefuroxime plus metronidazole, ticarcilli ...
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Gene therapy



Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid polymers into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. Gene therapy could be a way to fix a genetic problem at its source. The polymers are either expressed as proteins, interfere with protein expression, or possibly correct genetic mutations.The most common form uses DNA that encodes a functional, therapeutic gene to replace a mutated gene. The polymer molecule is packaged within a ""vector"", which carries the molecule inside cells.Gene therapy was conceptualized in 1972, by authors who urged caution before commencing human gene therapy studies. By the late 1980s the technology had already been extensively used on animals, and the first genetic modification of a living human occurred on a trial basis in May 1989 , and the first gene therapy experiment approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) occurred on September 14, 1990, when Ashanti DeSilva was treated for ADA-SCID. By January 2014, some 2,000 clinical trials had been conducted or approved.Early clinical failures led to dismissals of gene therapy. Clinical successes since 2006 regained researchers' attention, although as of 2014, it was still largely an experimental technique. These include treatment of retinal disease Leber's congenital amaurosis, X-linked SCID, ADA-SCID, adrenoleukodystrophy, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), multiple myeloma, haemophilia and Parkinson's disease. Between 2013 and April 2014, US companies invested over $600 million in the field.The first commercial gene therapy, Gendicine, was approved in China in 2003 for the treatment of certain cancers. In 2011 Neovasculgen was registered in Russia as the first-in-class gene-therapy drug for treatment of peripheral artery disease, including critical limb ischemia.In 2012 Glybera, a treatment for a rare inherited disorder, became the first treatment to be approved for clinical use in either Europe or the United States after its endorsement by the European Commission.
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