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TENS – a complement to wound healing
TENS – a complement to wound healing

physiological role of neuropeptide y in sympathetic neurotransmission
physiological role of neuropeptide y in sympathetic neurotransmission

... Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, USA Sympathetic neurons, especially those innervating the vasculature are known to contain neuropeptide Y (NPY), norepinephrine (NE) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which can act as cotransmitters. NPY has been shown t ...
Tactile Stimulation
Tactile Stimulation

... Prolonged vibration stimulation to normal individuals could lead to muscle weakness attributable to attenuation of afferent feedback. This weakness is neurophysiologically similar to that seen in patients with knee injury. Theoretically, increasing input to gamma motor neurons could reverse this wea ...
Applicator - Research - Vanderbilt University
Applicator - Research - Vanderbilt University

... Ammons et al. "Vagal Afferent Inhibition of Primate Thoracic Spinothalamic Neurons." Journal if Neurophysiology 50.4 (October 1983): 926-940. Clarke, H.L. "Anaesthesia for Out-Patient Procedures." The West African Medical Journal 11 (1962): 155-160. Cork et al. "The Effect of Cranial Electrotherapy ...
Slide ()
Slide ()

... The functional organization of the motor map of a rat changes rapidly after transection of the facial nerve. (Reproduced, with permission, from Sanes et al. 1988 and from Jacobs and Donoghue 1991.) A. A surface view of the rat's frontal cortex shows the normal somatotopic arrangement of areas repres ...
BOX 28.5 NEURAL CONTROL OF HUMAN WALKING Human
BOX 28.5 NEURAL CONTROL OF HUMAN WALKING Human

... magnetic stimulation (TMS). Several groups have found changes in the size of motor evoked potentials (MEP) in lower limb muscles elicited by TMS during walking, showing that transmission in the corticospinal tract is modulated during the gait cycle. However, TMS of the motor cortex activates cells w ...
Introduction to Machine Intelligence
Introduction to Machine Intelligence

... the micrometer scale of neurons and the small changes (millivolts at most) in membrane potentials – all in the presence of noise! ...
Introduction to Machine Intelligence
Introduction to Machine Intelligence

... the micrometer scale of neurons and the small changes (millivolts at most) in membrane potentials – all in the presence of noise! ...
Electrodes for stimulation
Electrodes for stimulation

... attached near an electrically sensitive point on the heart. A very similar device can be used for cardiac pacing. A pacemaker typically works continuously, controlling most if not all of the heart’s beats, where as a defibrillator typically works only occasionally when needed ...
SOP007_HoffmanReflex
SOP007_HoffmanReflex

... It involves external stimulation of a peripheral nerve. Stimulation of the nerve causes activation of muscle fibres via a reflex loop involving sensory nerve fibres (H-reflex) as well as direct motor activation via the alpha motor neurons (M-wave). The H-reflex itself is recorded through electromyog ...
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Functional electrical stimulation

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a technique that uses electrical currents to activate nerves innervating extremities affected by paralysis resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI), head injury, stroke and other neurological disorders. FES is primarily used to restore function in people with disabilities. It is sometimes referred to as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES).
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