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Artificial Intelligence MSc - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Artificial Intelligence MSc - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

... Research in Artificial Intelligence concerns the analysis and modelling of tasks that are commonly assumed to require human intelligence, as well as the design of systems that can perform or support such tasks. Such research requires a wide varience of activities, from observing and interviewing hu ...
A Computational Model of Belief - Rochester CS
A Computational Model of Belief - Rochester CS

... meaning that John is at home, from the previous sentences. The central hypothesis of logical AI is that if we are eventually able to encode enough of human common sense knowledge in logical form, and we develop sufficiently sophisticated inference mechanisms, then this mechanical manipulation of sym ...
Machine Learning I - Mit - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Machine Learning I - Mit - Massachusetts Institute of Technology

... When and why is it okay to apply inductive reasoning?? My favorite quote on the subject is the following, exerpted from Bertrand Russell's "On Induction": (see http://www.ditext.com/russell/rus6.html for the whole thing) If asked why we believe the sun will rise tomorrow, we shall naturally answer, ...
MAD MAX: BEYOND TURING DRONE
MAD MAX: BEYOND TURING DRONE

... inappropriate or behave in an inappropriate manner. Worthmore: Can you cure Max of this delusion, I guess you would call it, this delusion that he is a sentient being? Harris: Well, I - . Brownstone: You don't understand. You see, Beverly has also come to the conclusion that Max is a sentient being. ...
Inferring preferred extensions by Pstable semantics
Inferring preferred extensions by Pstable semantics

... into a logic programming in the same line as the metainterpreter proposed by Dung. To find suitable translators for argumentation theory based on logic programming is close related to find suitable codifications of an argumentation framework as logic program. This is because there is a strong relati ...
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (Undergraduate Topics in
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (Undergraduate Topics in

... This book is applicable to students of computer science and other technical natural sciences and, for the most part, requires high school level knowledge of mathematics. In several places, knowledge from linear algebra and multidimensional analysis is needed. For a deeper understanding of the conten ...
Genetic Programming - School of Computer Science and Electronic
Genetic Programming - School of Computer Science and Electronic

... what Turing called “machine intelligence” [161, 162]. In his 1983 talk entitled “AI: Where It Has Been and Where It Is Going”, machine learning pioneer Arthur Samuel stated the main goal of the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence: “[T]he aim [is] . . . to get machines to exhibit b ...
Steps toward Formalizing Context - Bilkent University Computer
Steps toward Formalizing Context - Bilkent University Computer

... persons only with the help of context. For example, the sentences uttered by A and B have the same content, but we can only say this using some circumstantial information and conventions about the conversation. This circumstantial information might be formalized through context. To quote Recanati (1 ...
Soar : an architecture for general intelligence
Soar : an architecture for general intelligence

... The ultimate goal of work in cognitive architecture is to provide the foundation for a system capable of general intelligent behavior. That is, the goal is to provide the underlying structure that would enable a system to perform the full range of cognitive tasks, employ the full range of problem-so ...
teză de doctorat - AI-MAS
teză de doctorat - AI-MAS

A Classification of Hyper-heuristic Approaches
A Classification of Hyper-heuristic Approaches

... the goal is to intelligently select and use construction heuristics to gradually build a complete solution. The hyper-heuristic framework is provided with a set of preexisting (generally problem specific) construction heuristics, and the challenge is to select the heuristic that is somehow the most ...
implementing a decision support system for online job seeking
implementing a decision support system for online job seeking

... In about 1990, data warehousing and On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) began broadening the realm of EIS and defined a broader category of data-driven DSS (cf., Dhar and Stein, 1997). Nigel Pendse (1997), author of the OLAP Report, claims both multidimensional analysis and OLAP had origins in the ...
Intelligent Agent Technology and Application
Intelligent Agent Technology and Application

... – (a). the environment that the agent occupies, the states that this environment can be in, and the type of environment. – (b). The action repertoire available to the agent, and any pre-conditions associated with these actions; – (c). The goal, or design objectives of the agent – what it is intended ...
5. Architecture of a Rule Based System for Medical Billing
5. Architecture of a Rule Based System for Medical Billing

... Rule based systems, knowledge based systems, decision support systems, intelligent systems and expert systems, all are the practical form of AI concepts and theories (hence we used term ‘AI systems’ in this paper in order to refer them). A typical rule based system has three components, a rule-base/ ...
Evolutionary Emergence: The Struggle for Existence
Evolutionary Emergence: The Struggle for Existence

... evolutionary/genetic algorithms/programming, and sub-fields of artificial life, adaptive behaviour and digital biota), work to date uses artificial selection, with very few ...
Towards Model-Based Diagnosis of Coordination Failures
Towards Model-Based Diagnosis of Coordination Failures

... to the actual behavior to detect discrepancies indicating failures. The model can then be used to pinpoint possible failing components within the system. MBD is increasingly being applied in distributed and multi-agent systems (e.g., [Fröhlich et al., 1997; Roos et al., 2003; Lamperti and Zanella, 2 ...
Bayesian Reasoning - Bayesian Intelligence
Bayesian Reasoning - Bayesian Intelligence

... to discover, for example, that a system’s conclusions have reached inconsistency is more likely to be debilitating than the discovery of an inconsistency itself. For a long time there has also been widespread recognition that practical AI systems shall have to cope with uncertainty — that is, they s ...
W - Informatik Uni Leipzig
W - Informatik Uni Leipzig

... Let w ∈ W, e ⊆ W. We say that α is true wrt e and w, which we write as e, w |= α, when e, e, w |= α, where e1 , e2 , w |= α is defined by: 1. e1 , e2 , w |= P(n1 , . . . , nk ) iff w[P(n1 , . . . , nk )] = 1; 2. e1 , e2 , w |= (n1 = n2 ) iff n1 and n2 are the same standard name; 3. e1 , e2 , w |= ¬α ...
planet-sumschool02
planet-sumschool02

... SELECT a flaw f from P, add all refinements of P to plans: plans = plans U new-step(P,f) U step-reuse (P,f) if f is an open condition plans = plans U demote(P,f) U promote(P,f) U confront (P,f) U constrain-to-branch(P,f) ...
Towards Model-Based Diagnosis of Coordination Failures
Towards Model-Based Diagnosis of Coordination Failures

Intelligent Agent Technology and Application
Intelligent Agent Technology and Application

... Give other examples of agents (not necessarily intelligent) that you know of. For each, define as precisely as possible: – (a). the environment that the agent occupies, the states that this environment can be in, and the type of environment. – (b). The action repertoire available to the agent, and a ...
Intelligent Agent Technology and Application
Intelligent Agent Technology and Application

... Give other examples of agents (not necessarily intelligent) that you know of. For each, define as precisely as possible: – (a). the environment that the agent occupies, the states that this environment can be in, and the type of environment. – (b). The action repertoire available to the agent, and a ...
The Criminal Liability of Artificial Intelligence Entities
The Criminal Liability of Artificial Intelligence Entities

... artificial-intelligence robot working near him.1 The robot erroneously identified the employee as a threat to its mission, and calculated that the most efficient way to eliminate this threat was by pushing him into an adjacent operating machine.2 Using its very powerful hydraulic arm, the robot smas ...
Decentralized POMDPs
Decentralized POMDPs

... This framework allows modeling important real-world tasks for which the models in the previous chapters do not suffice. An example of such a task is load balancing among queues (Cogill et al, 2004). Each agent represents a processing unit with a queue that has to decide whether to accept new jobs or ...
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History of artificial intelligence

The history of artificial intelligence (AI) began in antiquity, with myths, stories and rumors of artificial beings endowed with intelligence or consciousness by master craftsmen; as Pamela McCorduck writes, AI began with ""an ancient wish to forge the gods.""The seeds of modern AI were planted by classical philosophers who attempted to describe the process of human thinking as the mechanical manipulation of symbols. This work culminated in the invention of the programmable digital computer in the 1940s, a machine based on the abstract essence of mathematical reasoning. This device and the ideas behind it inspired a handful of scientists to begin seriously discussing the possibility of building an electronic brain.The field of AI research was founded at a conference on the campus of Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956. Those who attended would become the leaders of AI research for decades. Many of them predicted that a machine as intelligent as a human being would exist in no more than a generation and they were given millions of dollars to make this vision come true. Eventually it became obvious that they had grossly underestimated the difficulty of the project. In 1973, in response to the criticism of James Lighthill and ongoing pressure from congress, the U.S. and British Governments stopped funding undirected research into artificial intelligence. Seven years later, a visionary initiative by the Japanese Government inspired governments and industry to provide AI with billions of dollars, but by the late 80s the investors became disillusioned and withdrew funding again. This cycle of boom and bust, of ""AI winters"" and summers, continues to haunt the field. Undaunted, there are those who make extraordinary predictions even now.Progress in AI has continued, despite the rise and fall of its reputation in the eyes of government bureaucrats and venture capitalists. Problems that had begun to seem impossible in 1970 have been solved and the solutions are now used in successful commercial products. However, no machine has been built with a human level of intelligence, contrary to the optimistic predictions of the first generation of AI researchers. ""We can only see a short distance ahead,"" admitted Alan Turing, in a famous 1950 paper that catalyzed the modern search for machines that think. ""But,"" he added, ""we can see much that must be done.""
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