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The lower Vmax is consistent with the mutation resulting in a
The lower Vmax is consistent with the mutation resulting in a

... Because the density of the AUF1 band is greater in lane 4, the Western blot suggests that a combination of αCP1 and E2epf bind AUF1 with greater affinity than either alone. Because E2epf and αCP1 each bind AUF1, one can construct the following model for the process: AUF1 + E2epf ...
Amino Acids Proteins, and Enzymes Types of Proteins Amino Acids
Amino Acids Proteins, and Enzymes Types of Proteins Amino Acids

... • Three-dimensional arrangement of amino acids with the polypeptide chain in a corkscrew shape • Held by H bonds between the H of –N-H group and the –O of C=O of the fourth amino acid along the chain • Looks like a coiled “telephone cord” ...
Problem set answers
Problem set answers

... There is one other model that is fits the available data that does not require additive binding: AUF1 can bind E2epf and aCP1 at different sites that result in a conformation change that makes the other component bind tighter. This model would follow the same scheme as above but not require interact ...
Human Physiology
Human Physiology

... 2.1 Facilitated diffusion via carrier 2.2 Facilitated diffusion through channel 2.2.1 Voltage-gated ion channel 2.2.2 Chemically-gated ion channel 2.2.3 Mechanically-gated ion channel 2.2.4 Water channel ...
The Two Major Membrane Skeletal Proteins (Articulins) of Euglena
The Two Major Membrane Skeletal Proteins (Articulins) of Euglena

... library using antibody probes. Primary sequence analysis revealed that both ardculins have a distinct tripartite organization that consists of amino- and carboxy-terminal regions separated by a central core domain made up of 33 12-amino acid repeats. The greatest amino acid similarity occurs in the ...
A green glow
A green glow

... infinitesimal variations such as the evolution of acidity or changes in calcium concentration. The revolutionary “GFP tool” has stirred the imagination of many a biologist. Would it, for instance, be possible to visualize several phenomena simultaneously? To do so, scientists would have to produce p ...
Mean-field minimization methods for biological macromolecules
Mean-field minimization methods for biological macromolecules

... on modelling theoretical problems: side-chain modelling [5,6•=-9*•], loop design in protein modelling [15**,16=•], predicting protein mutant energetics [7•'], fitting a native structure to a lattice [13], and the protein folding [13,14] and inverse folding problems [17,18°°]. In fact, M F T can be a ...
Human Physiology
Human Physiology

... 2.1 Facilitated diffusion via carrier 2.2 Facilitated diffusion through channel 2.2.1 Voltage-gated ion channel 2.2.2 Chemically-gated ion channel 2.2.3 Mechanically-gated ion channel 2.2.4 Water channel ...
Chapter 25 Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
Chapter 25 Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

... Amino acids in which the two functional groups are separated by exactly one carbon atom are called _______ amino acids. Amino acids are coupled together by amide linkages called ____________ bonds. Relatively short chains of amino acids are called ___________. Only twenty amino acids are abundantly ...
Expression of Hepatitis C Virus Structural Proteins in
Expression of Hepatitis C Virus Structural Proteins in

... effective vaccine against hepatitis C virus infection, including the lack of a suitable small animal model, the high degree of HCV genomic diversity, and the inability to produce the HCV in culture system. Attempts have been made to produce VLPs by expressing the structural proteins in heterologous ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... • Heat and organic compounds that break apart H bonds and disrupt hydrophobic interactions. • Acids and bases that break H bonds between polar R groups and disrupt ionic bonds. • Heavy metal ions that react with S-S bonds to form solids. • Agitation such as whipping that stretches peptide chains unt ...
Moonlighting proteins—an update
Moonlighting proteins—an update

... found to moonlight were crystallins, which are found in the lens of the eye. The crystallins in several mammals, geckos, birds, and other species are the same proteins as several cytosolic enzymes.2,3 Other moonlighting proteins have been found to be involved in cellular functions and biochemical pa ...
What is “membrane potential”
What is “membrane potential”

... Not responsible for: Nernst Equation, other than to know what it’s used for. ...
Introduction to the study of cell biology
Introduction to the study of cell biology

... phosphorylation Fig. Three stages of cellular catabolism that via controlled “burning” conserve energy for use in heterotrophic cells. Food is hydrolysed into small molecules in the cytoplasm. Glycolysis is also cytoplasmic. Pyruvate and other substrates are taken up by mitochondria under aerobic co ...
m5zn_14bea598b5b7901
m5zn_14bea598b5b7901

... • 3.Hydrophobic interactions: AA with non polar R groups tend to be located in the interior of the ...
Physiological adaptations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae evolved for
Physiological adaptations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae evolved for

... With the evolved tolerant strain (JBA-mut) in hand, it was of obvious interest to investigate into the molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance phenotype. Different approaches might be chosen to assess physiological adaptations of an evolved strain. In this study we chose to look at the differe ...
RNA/Protein Purification 96-Well Kit
RNA/Protein Purification 96-Well Kit

New genes and new biological roles for expansins
New genes and new biological roles for expansins

... Recent reviews [1;2] have detailed the discovery and properties of expansins, which were first identified in studies of wall extension [3;4]. What is characteristic and unique about these proteins is their ability to induce cell wall relaxation and extension in isolated cell walls. This is readily o ...
Hydrogen Bonds, Hydrophobicity Forces and the Character of the
Hydrogen Bonds, Hydrophobicity Forces and the Character of the

... – The decrease in hydrogen-bond energy per amino acid, Ehb /N, with decreasing temperature gets more rapid with increasing chain length, as shown in Figure 5a. This implies that the three-helix protein makes more stable secondary structure than the one- and two-helix segments. It turns out that the ...
Biopharmaceutics
Biopharmaceutics

... 2. The fluid mosaic model: explains the transcellular diffusion of polar molecules. According to this model, the cell membrane consists of globular proteins embedded in a dynamic fluid, lipid bilayer matrix . These proteins provide a pathway for the selective transfer of certain polar molecules and ...
Biopharma Dr Rana L2
Biopharma Dr Rana L2

... 2. The fluid mosaic model: explains the transcellular diffusion of polar molecules. According to this model, the cell membrane consists of globular proteins embedded in a dynamic fluid, lipid bilayer matrix . These proteins provide a pathway for the selective transfer of certain polar molecules and ...
Iron-Binding Activity of FutA1 Subunit of an ABC
Iron-Binding Activity of FutA1 Subunit of an ABC

... receptor genes had no effect on the uptake of iron and there has been no report on the production of siderophore by Synechocystis PCC 6803. In E. coli, citrate strongly enhanced the uptake of iron because this organism possesses an inducible ferric dicitrate transporter encoded by fecA, B, C, D, and ...
1 - MSU Billings
1 - MSU Billings

... B. active transport C. phagocytosis D. pinocytosis E. none of the above 77. The inner mitochondrial membrane is folded to A. provide a strong barrier to diffusion B. increase surface area C. decrease surface area D. increase the number of chlorophyll molecules available for photosynthesis E. make su ...
Co-ordinated Synthesis of Membrane Phospholipids with the
Co-ordinated Synthesis of Membrane Phospholipids with the

... subcellular particulate fractions (nuclear, mitochondrial and microsomal) after hormone administration. The net accumulation of phospholipids, as well as protein and RNA, is most marked in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Growth of the liver induced by growth hormone, by thyroid hormone, by testoste ...
Conserved BK Channel-Protein Interactions Reveal Signals
Conserved BK Channel-Protein Interactions Reveal Signals

... on a minimum of four peptide sequences with MASCOT score values greater than 150 [18]. Consequently, from the original 663 unique proteins assessed by Scaffold, there remained a total of 60 and 50 distinct proteins from membrane/cytoskeletal and cytoplasmic fractions, respectively. These final numbe ...
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Magnesium transporter

This page links directly from the magnesium in biological systems page.Magnesium transporters are proteins that transport magnesium across the cell membrane. All forms of life require magnesium, yet the molecular mechanisms of Mg2+ uptake from the environment and the distribution of this vital element within the organism are only slowly being elucidated.In bacteria, Mg2+ is probably mainly supplied by the CorA protein and, where the CorA protein is absent, by the MgtE protein. In yeast the initial uptake is via the Alr1p and Alr2p proteins, but at this stage the only internal Mg2+ distributing protein identified is Mrs2p. Within the protozoa only one Mg2+ transporter (XntAp) has been identified. In metazoa, Mrs2p and MgtE homologues have been identified, along with two novel Mg2+ transport systems TRPM6/TRPM7 and PCLN-1. Finally, in plants, a family of Mrs2p homologues has been identified along with another novel protein, AtMHX.
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