... Therefore when a black hole radiates it loses its mass, it evaporates and eventually disappears, and this fact will lead us to the information loss problem. Following an heuristic picture, Hawking radiation is produced by vacuum quantum fluctuations around the black hole where the gravitational field ...
Physics (PHYS)
... geometry, Riemann tensor, the gravitational field equations. Schwarzschild solution, astronomical and experimental tests, relativistic cosmological models. Prerequisite(s): [(MATH 251 and PHYS 308)] Lecture: 3 Lab: 0 Credits: 3 PHYS 404 Subatomic Physics Historical introduction; general survey of nu ...
... geometry, Riemann tensor, the gravitational field equations. Schwarzschild solution, astronomical and experimental tests, relativistic cosmological models. Prerequisite(s): [(MATH 251 and PHYS 308)] Lecture: 3 Lab: 0 Credits: 3 PHYS 404 Subatomic Physics Historical introduction; general survey of nu ...
Superconducting Qubits: A Short Review
... charge on the capacitor must be represented by a wave function giving the probability amplitude of all charge configurations. For example, the charge on the capacitor can be in a superposition of states where the charge is both positive and negative at the same time. Similarly the current in a loop ...
... charge on the capacitor must be represented by a wave function giving the probability amplitude of all charge configurations. For example, the charge on the capacitor can be in a superposition of states where the charge is both positive and negative at the same time. Similarly the current in a loop ...
LanZ_0112_eps(2).
... Equations (1.2)-(1.4) form the statistical description of the system. Thus the above two descriptions serve for different purposes in this thesis, while the statistical description is mainly used for theoretical analysis, the discrete description is used for numerical simulations directly. The remai ...
... Equations (1.2)-(1.4) form the statistical description of the system. Thus the above two descriptions serve for different purposes in this thesis, while the statistical description is mainly used for theoretical analysis, the discrete description is used for numerical simulations directly. The remai ...
Electron Scattering from an Almost Free Neutron in
... The Barely Off-Shell Nucleon Structure (BoNuS) experiment measured electron scattering from neutrons bound in deuterium nuclei at Jefferson Lab’s Hall B with the intent of n p n obtaining the ratio F2 / F2 at high Bjorken x. The F2 structure function is difficult to obtain due to nature’s lack of a ...
... The Barely Off-Shell Nucleon Structure (BoNuS) experiment measured electron scattering from neutrons bound in deuterium nuclei at Jefferson Lab’s Hall B with the intent of n p n obtaining the ratio F2 / F2 at high Bjorken x. The F2 structure function is difficult to obtain due to nature’s lack of a ...
15. GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES 15. Grand Unified Theories 15.1. Grand Unification 1
... we would also understand why there are no fractionally charged hadrons. Finally, what is the origin of quark and lepton masses, or the apparent hierarchy of family masses and quark mixing angles? Perhaps if we understood this, we would also know the origin of CP violation, the solution to the strong ...
... we would also understand why there are no fractionally charged hadrons. Finally, what is the origin of quark and lepton masses, or the apparent hierarchy of family masses and quark mixing angles? Perhaps if we understood this, we would also know the origin of CP violation, the solution to the strong ...
Green Function Techniques in the Treatment of Quantum Transport
... Green Function Techniques in the Treatment of Quantum Transport ...
... Green Function Techniques in the Treatment of Quantum Transport ...
A CATEGORY THEORY AND HIGHER DIMENSIONAL ALGEBRA
... Quantum Space-Time in terms of Quantum Crossed Complexes over a Quantum Groupoid 12.20. LocaltoGlobal (LG) Construction Principles consistent with Quantum Axiomatics 1. Introduction Ontology has acquired over time several meanings, and it has also been approached in many different ways, but all of t ...
... Quantum Space-Time in terms of Quantum Crossed Complexes over a Quantum Groupoid 12.20. LocaltoGlobal (LG) Construction Principles consistent with Quantum Axiomatics 1. Introduction Ontology has acquired over time several meanings, and it has also been approached in many different ways, but all of t ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.