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The persistence of maladaptive memory: Addiction
The persistence of maladaptive memory: Addiction

... the cost of harm from Class A drug use was estimated at £15.4 billion in 2003–2004 (Gordon et al., 2006). This considerable expense would be significantly reduced by implementing successful treatment programmes; for example, it has been estimated that if all heroin addicts complied with methadone tre ...
PATIENT INFORMATION ORACEA (Or-RAY
PATIENT INFORMATION ORACEA (Or-RAY

... The anti-anabolic action of the tetracyclines may cause an increase in BUN. While this is not a problem in those with normal renal function, in patients with significantly impaired function, higher serum levels of tetracycline-class antibiotics may lead to azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, and acidosis. ...
Receptors as Drug Targets
Receptors as Drug Targets

... • Agonists should bind and leave quickly - number of binding interactions is important • Antagonists are drugs designed to block the natural messenger • Antagonists tend to have stronger and/or more binding interactions, resulting in a different induced fit such that the receptor is not activated. ...
Drug Treatment of Depression
Drug Treatment of Depression

... effects on the pregnancy outcome, especially if the mother is in danger of self harm and it can adversely affect the mother-child relationship. Treatment with antidepressants may be required throughout pregnancy and during the first couple of months or so after the birth. Therefore, it is important ...
Investigation of Drug Interaction Studies of Levocetirizne with HMG
Investigation of Drug Interaction Studies of Levocetirizne with HMG

... A (HMG-CoA), induce osteoblast activity and lead to bone formation [5-11]. They are the most commonly prescribed agents for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia because of their efficacy in reducing low density lipoprotein and their excellent tolerability and safety [12-14]. Simvastatin is administ ...
Practical Guide to Using MAOIs - Neuroscience Education Institute
Practical Guide to Using MAOIs - Neuroscience Education Institute

... You can’t take any medications that block 5HT reuptake, which means you can’t take any psychotropic medications. Since all patients who are candidates for an MAOI need concomitant medications, no one can take an MAOI. Besides, in order to start an MAOI, you have to stop all other medications for 2 w ...
Document
Document

... • Individuals who are successfully detoxified with a single dose of ibogaine do not go back into withdrawal. • Doses of ibogaine, given to non-dependent individuals, which may be higher than those used to treat opioid withdrawal, do not produce opioid overdose. (In this regard, consider that LD50 of ...
Document
Document

... release, expensive. Demerol- Not a good analgesic, potential for abuse, hallucinations, metabolites build up and can lead to seizures. ...
Mucoangin oromucosal spray, solution SmPC
Mucoangin oromucosal spray, solution SmPC

... not known: frequency cannot be estimated from the available data This adverse reaction has been observed in post-marketing experience. With 95 % certainty, the frequency category is not greater than uncommon (3/1226), but might be lower. A precise frequency estimation is not possible as the adverse ...
The Safety of Stimulants
The Safety of Stimulants

... approximately 65% of patients with ADHD may have one or more comorbid disorders, such as anxiety, communication, mood, conduct, oppositional defiant and learning disorders and Tourette’s syndrome.21 One researcher suggests that more exact diagnostic guidelines may emerge from ADHD-related tests of e ...
G protein-coupled receptor dimers: Functional
G protein-coupled receptor dimers: Functional

... intriguing concept to emerge from this is the possibility that various disease states and disorders may be addressed more effectively by appreciating the role of particular dimeric interactions. In a number of instances, human diseases caused by genetic mutations result from non-functional GPCRs tha ...
ASSIST - World Health Organization
ASSIST - World Health Organization

... Thank you for agreeing to take part in this brief interview about alcohol, tobacco products and other drugs. I am going to ask you some questions about your experience of using these substances across your lifetime and in the past three months. These substances can be smoked, swallowed, snorted, inh ...
Non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

... • NSAIDS • inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 and, therefore, prevent the synthesis of the parent prostaglandin, PGH2. • [Note: Systemic inhibition of COX-1, with subsequent damage to the stomach and the kidneys, and impaired clotting of blood, is the basis of aspirin's toxicity.] • Inhibitors specific fo ...
Inspra for heart failure
Inspra for heart failure

... Severity of disease is categorized according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification system. Class I indicates no limitations of physical activity, whereas Class IV indicates the inability to perform any physical activity without discomfort and the presence of symptoms at ...
Pobierz plik
Pobierz plik

... drugs in body fluids, drug monitoring should be performed for the effective medication control. Therapeutic drug monitoring gives additional information for more sensible use of psychiatric drugs. Monitoring of psychotropic drugsí concentration is useful to raise their efficacy when there are proble ...
Cocaine and Alcohol Interactions in Humans
Cocaine and Alcohol Interactions in Humans

... 9.6% for norcocaine, 97.1 6 1.7% for cocaethylene and 71.8 6 18.8% for norcocaethylene. Intra-assay coefficients of variation (50 ng/ml for cocaine and benzoylecgonine; 20 ng/ml for ecgoninemethylester; 1 ng/ml for norcocaine and norcocaethylene; 10 ng/ml for cocaethylene) ranged between 4.2% for be ...
Side Effect Burden in the Elderly Population
Side Effect Burden in the Elderly Population

Università degli Studi di Milano
Università degli Studi di Milano

... The adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period of individual life, both for physical and psychological maturity; also the immune system during this development period might be particularly vulnerable to the effects induced by this drug. However, there aren't currently available studies to inves ...
One Step Drug Screen Test Card - Urine Drug Tests, Drug Testing
One Step Drug Screen Test Card - Urine Drug Tests, Drug Testing

... Phencyclidine, also known as PCP or Angel Dust, is a hallucinogen that was first marketed as a surgical anesthetic in the 1950’s. It was removed from the market because patients receiving it became delirious and experienced hallucinations. Phencyclidine is used in powder, capsule, and tablet form. T ...
Drug prescribing pattern of topical corticosteroids
Drug prescribing pattern of topical corticosteroids

... prescribed with prednisolone. Three (3%) patients were prescribed with injection triamcinolone. They rarely use injectable preparation to avoid systemic side effect. In our study, majority of patients were prescribed with antihistaminics (84%); antibiotics (44%), among them, majority were of topical ...
Design of colon specific drug delivery systems.
Design of colon specific drug delivery systems.

... diseases. Oral route is the most preferred route for drug administration, especially for chronic therapies where repeated administration is required. In addition, greater convenience, less pain, higher compliance, reduced risk of cross infection and needle stick injuries are the added advantages for ...
Available
Available

... ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action. For drug products that are not intended to be absorbed into the bloodstream, bioavailability may be assessed by measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient ...
Test Update IMMEDIATE ACTION Notification, effective
Test Update IMMEDIATE ACTION Notification, effective

... Test Changes - Tests that have had changes to the method/ CPT code, units of measurement, scope of analysis, reference comments, or specimen requirements. Discontinued Tests - ...
OLMETEC® (olmesartan medoxomil)
OLMETEC® (olmesartan medoxomil)

... Nursing Women: it is not known whether olmesartan is excreted in human milk, but olmesartan is secreted at low concentration in the milk of lactating rats. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of their potential for affecting the nursing infant adversely, a decision should be ma ...
Medication Management for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Medication Management for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

... medications have similar actions and side effects. Recently another type of medication called atomoxetine has become available to treat the symptoms of ADHD. • Stimulants have been used for over 60 years, and became standard treatment for children with significant ADHD in the 1980s. Millions of chil ...
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Psychopharmacology



Psychopharmacology (from Greek ψῡχή, psȳkhē, ""breath, life, soul""; φάρμακον, pharmakon, ""drug""; and -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior. It is distinguished from neuropsychopharmacology, which emphasizes the correlation between drug-induced changes in the functioning of cells in the nervous system and changes in consciousness and behavior.The field of psychopharmacology studies a wide range of substances with various types of psychoactive properties, focusing primarily on the chemical interactions with the brain.Psychoactive drugs interact with particular target sites or receptors found in the nervous system to induce widespread changes in physiological or psychological functions. The specific interaction between drugs and their receptors is referred to as ""drug action"", and the widespread changes in physiological or psychological function is referred to as ""drug effect"". These drugs may originate from natural sources such as plants and animals, or from artificial sources such as chemical synthesis in the laboratory.
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